regulation of apoptosis by the jnk signaling pathway

... the negative regulation of the MAP kinase signaling In the forthcoming paragraphs we present a detailed description of the mammalian DSPs involved in the regulation of SAPK signaling pathways MKP-1 ... Ó FEBS 2002 Regulation of SAPK signaling pathways (Eur J Biochem 269) 1061 Fig SAPK signaling modules The protein kinase cascades of SAPK signaling pathways and the points where the phosphatases ... JNK are the preferred substrates of MKP-6 in the cells MKP-6 expression is up-regulated by CD28 costimulation of T cells Binding of the expressed MKP-6 to CD28 is required for the feed back regulation...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 23:20

... transcriptional activation of p53, thereby potentiating the expression of pro-apoptotic target genes [21] The apoptotic signal can be additionally boosted through the p53-dependent upregulation of PML expression ... 6074–6083 ª 2009 The Authors Journal compilation ª 2009 FEBS N Bitomsky & T G Hofmann p53, p73 and HIPK2 in apoptosis Fig Regulation of DNA damage-induced cell death by the p73 pathway In response ... potential crosstalk between these signalling pathways and the molecular mechanisms underlying their regulation An additional pressing question is whether these signalling pathways operate in parallel...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 00:20

... types [99,100] Therefore, one of the functions of MAP kinase signaling pathway may be to regulate the levels of cytokines or interleukines, thereby controlling cell mitosis in the liver As mentioned ... of the Akt1 signaling pathway [147] Both 3-phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1 and integrin-linked kinase are target genes of PPARβ The upregulation of these genes together with the down -regulation ... and dimerization of the receptor Indeed, dimerization is essential for the activity of PPARs, as it is for most of the other members of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily They heterodimerize...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 13:20

... HD These processes may not be independent of each other Detailed descriptions of these processes are beyond the scope of this review In the present review, we specifically focus on the role of ... involved in the regulation of apoptosis Even though the exact function of HIPPI remains unknown, knockout mice for Hippi (HIPPI) ⁄ )) exhibit downregulation of the Sonic hedgehog (Shh) pathway and ... [37] The specific role of the Shh pathway in apoptosis or HD remains unknown Role of HIP-1 and HIPPI in transcriptional regulation There are not many reports on the transcriptional activity of HIP-1...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 07:20

... species Of note, DFP did not suppress oxidative burst significantly in the absence of fMLP The demonstration of the modulation of events in the evolution of apoptosis by DFP underscores the potential ... of serine proteases in the regulation of apoptosis Our results further suggest that neutrophil serine proteases enhance the priming of neutrophils for oxidative burst activity Conclusion On the ... Rate of apoptosis (hypodiploid DNA) of neutrophils treated with or without increasing doses of DFP Data represent mean ± SD of to separate experiments D Rate of apoptosis (hypodiploid DNA) of neutrophils...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 03:20

... species Of note, DFP did not suppress oxidative burst significantly in the absence of fMLP The demonstration of the modulation of events in the evolution of apoptosis by DFP underscores the potential ... of serine proteases in the regulation of apoptosis Our results further suggest that neutrophil serine proteases enhance the priming of neutrophils for oxidative burst activity Conclusion On the ... Rate of apoptosis (hypodiploid DNA) of neutrophils treated with or without increasing doses of DFP Data represent mean ± SD of to separate experiments D Rate of apoptosis (hypodiploid DNA) of neutrophils...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 06:22

... state of the cell on trafficking, the fact that most of the metabolic kinases showed specificity for only one endocytic pathway or the other suggests otherwise In addition, several signaling pathways ... RNAi-based screen they developed to explore the role of all human kinases (also called the kinome) in the regulation of clathrin-dependent and caveolae-dependent endocytic pathways The authors developed ... the two pathways may indicate that the pathways are physiologically linked Some of these opposite effects appear to be mediated through the regulation of actin (see [10] and references therein)...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 16:20

... facilitate the pinching off of the bud from the mother cell, is assembled at the bud neck (Amberg, 1998) Cortical actin patches, are of particular interest as they associate with a variety of proteins ... movement phase: All of a sudden, the cortical patch embarks on a rapid movement to the interior of the cells The onset of this movement is coincidental with shedding of many of the patch components ... with the adaptor proteins form the 17 CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION endocytic coat at the plasma membrane This coat facilitates the formation of the invagination of the lipid bi-layer with the help of...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 08:50

... activate Notch only in the absence of p53, possibly due to the interference of Notch activation by p53 The main aim of this study is to find out the causes for the up -regulation of p53 Terminal deoxynucleotidyl ... Bcl-2 family members The translocation of p53 to the mitochondria provoke the release of cytochrome c and the up -regulation of the expression level of APAF1 and p53AIP1 by p53, which all function ... include the regions of the neural plate from which primary neurons arise and the downregulation of Notch-mediated signal leads to a reduction in the number of primary neurons The expression of these...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 14:03

... induction of DNA fragmentation, which is one of the most typical characteristics of apoptosis Regulators of DNA fragmentation One of the terminal processes of apoptosis is DNA degradation During apoptosis, ... They induce the permeabilization of the mitochondrial membrane with the release of cytochrome c and the formation of the apoptosome [38] The major pro-apoptotic protein Bax exists mainly in the ... inhibition of PP1 by CA or TM prevents Fas-mediated apoptosis, whereas inhibition of PP2A by OA protects Jurkat cells from anisomycin [118] The effects of OA on apoptosis therefore depend on the kind of...

Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 22:20

... to the interface of the bilayer at the beginning of the simulation) ` and the study by Berneche et al [16] With respect to the behavior of the lipids, we make the same observation that those of ... between the dimensions of the system and the number of water molecules aiming to examine whether or not the asymmetry of the system and increased solvation would affect the dynamics of the lipids ... Thinning of the bilayer in the presence of Ab40 Because Ab40 is known to disrupt the integrity of the lipid membrane [11,12], another parameter of interest is the local thickness of the bilayer...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 08:20

... the production of toxic Ab species [16] Reduction of Ab40 ⁄ 42 levels is mainly achieved by modulation of secretases, namely by the induction of a-secretase activity, by inhibition of b-secretases ... translational upregulation of ADAM10, and the enhanced APP cleavage seen in our experiments The observed translocation of ADAM9 and ADAM10 to the cytoplasmic membrane further supports the idea of APP ... Regulation of secretases by retinoic acid A Koryakina et al use of several potential PKC activators, such as phorbol esters Therefore, an assessment of the action of RA(s) in AD...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 01:20

... (Fig 3B, right panel) The involvement of the NF-jB pathway in the degradation of DNp63a was further supported by use of another NF-jB inhibitor, BAY 11-1082 (Fig 3C) Together, these data suggest ... the apoptotic signaling cascade TNFRI can also activate other signaling cascades, including the JNK pathway To determine whether NF-jB or JNK signaling is involved in the degradation of DNp63a, ... activation of Puma was susceptible to repression by the coexpression of DNp63a Taken together, these data suggest that DNp63a antagonizes TNF-a-mediated epithelial cell apoptosis by inhibiting the expression...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 06:20

... secure the services of eminent members of appropriate professions in the examination of policy matters pertaining to the health of the public The Institute acts under the responsibility given to the ... research, dedicated to the furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the general welfare Upon the authority of the charter granted to it by the Congress in 1863, the Academy has a ... NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences,...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 01:20

... in these pathways is always matched by circadian regulation at the level of protein synthesis However, in some cases protein levels are under circadian control, for example, the synthesis of ... in the middle of the subjective day This pattern of ethylene accumulation is correlated with the circadian regulation of expression of ACC SYNTHASE which encodes the enzyme responsible for the ... (Fig 1N) [58] Furthermore, the upregulation by cold of some major genes is gated by the circadian clock to a specific time during the day FEBS Journal 274 (2007) 335–345 ª 2006 The Authors Journal...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 10:20

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 13:20

... are plans to form shortly a working committee of HAS, for the purpose of theoretically co-ordinating all of the Hungarian work in MT and mathematical linguistics György Szépe November, 1962 ... addition, there are many persons, some of whom are not associated directly with the above-mentioned groups, who are working on related problems There are plans to form shortly a working committee of ... quantitative linguistics The prospect is 32 that this group will form an official liaison with HAS (4) Technical University of Budapest, Institute of Languages Includes a group, headed by György Hell,...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 13:20

... phones Similar to the present findings, the results of the by the Statistical Office of Finland showed that 30% of the elderly women used washing machines, whereas 7% of men used these electrical ... Social Sciences SPSS 15 was used for the statistical processing of the data The chi‐squared test was used for testing the hypothesis of The use of technology by the elderly pp:118-126 E-ISSN:1791-809X ... contrary, 5.9% of participants reported that they were aware of all the services and capabilities of ATMs The reasons to avoid using ATMs were the difficulty of handling the keyboard, the lack of knowledge...

Ngày tải lên: 28/03/2014, 19:21

... substituents enhance planarity of the aniline framework, thereby shortening d(CN) The accompanying loss of electron density from the amino nitrogen atom decreases the pKa of the amino group Conversely, ... Correlation of the dipole moment with the Hammett constants of the substituents It is evident from the table II that electron-donating substituents on the phenyl ring increase the pKa of anilines ... Fugure Correlation of the bond length d(C-N) with the Hammett constants of the substituents The para substituents show a much better correlation with d(C-N) (R2 = 0.9454) than the meta substituents...

Ngày tải lên: 23/07/2014, 13:21

... Assuming that the same chitin/protein ratio in the mycelial cords of Hebeloma sp and the fungal component of the ectomycorrhizas, then approximately 50% of the protein in the ectomycorrhizas ... 38% of the carbohydrate oxidation was via the pentose phosphate pathway and 62% was via glycolysis On the other hand, 50% of the glucose metabolism from mycorrhizal roots was catalyzed by the ... extensive development of the endoplasmic reticulum, lack of large vacuoles) (Kottke and Oberwink- ler, 1986) Whether there is an increase in the activity of the pentose phosphate pathway or polypeptide...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 04:20