reasoning on object oriented calls

... its time on the CPU by calling one of the sleep() functions, which delay execution of the current thread for a specified duration One reason for adding multiple threads to an application is to ... the inbuilt 30-pin connector Table 2-2 iOS Releases Version Device Released iPhone OS 1.0 iPhone, iPod Touch (1.1) June 2007 iPhone OS 2.0 iPhone 3G July 2008 iPhone OS 3.0 iPhone 3GS, iPad (3.2) ... system calls, though the mechanism uses system calls under the hood Mach Exceptions Exceptions are interrupts sent by a CPU when certain (exceptional) events or conditions occur during the execution...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 02:20

... possible configurations © 2008 Microchip Technology Inc AN1189 EXAMPLE 5: CONFIGURATION DESCRIPTOR FOR MASS STORAGE DEVICE /* Configuration Descriptor */ ROM BYTE configDescriptor1[]= { /* Configuration ... Inc AN1189 Functions There are three additional function calls that are required by the MSD class driver The first is the initialization function, USBMSDInit() This function should be called ... that Act Information contained in this publication regarding device applications and the like is provided only for your convenience and may be superseded by updates It is your responsibility to ensure...

Ngày tải lên: 11/01/2016, 16:48

... host controller also performs functions related to managing communications on the bus The root hub has one or more connectors for attaching devices The root hub, in combination with the host controller, ... functions: • Detect and respond to generic USB requests and other events on the bus • Detect and respond to USB mass-storage requests for information or actions from the device • Detect and respond ... addition to MultiMediaCards have SPI interfaces The options include EEPROMs, analog-to-digital converters, and other I/O functions A microcontroller can thus use one bus to access multiple components...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 15:37

... USBHostMSDInit(void); This function initializes all internal variables for operation It should only be called once during the application’s execution The USB Configuration tool will provide a macro ... USB device type of the application on the Main tab Use the USB configuration tool, USBConfig.exe, to configure the Mass Storage client driver for an application This tool is installed in the ... that Act Information contained in this publication regarding device applications and the like is provided only for your convenience and may be superseded by updates It is your responsibility to ensure...

Ngày tải lên: 11/01/2016, 16:46

... require a constant data transfer rate For example, an Internet telephony application that carries a conversation in real time is a good candidate for isochronous transfer mode Isochronous data ... documentation to application writers so that their applications can use the driver Built on Wednesday, October 04, 2000 Common Driver Problems The following are descriptions of common driver problems ... function must wait until the thread count goes to zero before returning 11* When calling USB::IssuexxxTransfer function with a completion callback function, the callback function simply calls...

Ngày tải lên: 07/10/2013, 00:20

... these cases, the GroupX_ID values may be combined to generate other combinations The precedence for such combinations is as follows, in descending order: Group1_ID\Default\Default Group1_ID\Group2_ID\Default ... drivers are registered at a particular precedence level, the USBD module loads the one with the most general form Built on Wednesday, October 04, 2000 ... should create an appropriate subkey for the driver by calling the RegisterClientSettings function so the next time that the USB device is attached, the USBD module can locate the correct driver...

Ngày tải lên: 07/10/2013, 00:20

... a Unique Address Read All Configuration Information Addr Addr Assigned Configure and Assign Configuration Value Configured 12 Outline ? USB Overview ? USB Hardware Controllers ? Architecture of ... Isochronous and Asynchronous – Media access controlled by host PC PC Monitor Kbd Pen Phone Speaker – Tiered Star (Distributes Connectivity Points) – 127 logical connections (up to meters per segment) ... Logical Hardware View ?Configuration – Dynamic insertion-removal – Autoconfiguration on change ?Physical Layer – 2-wire differential signaling, NRZI coded with bit stuffing – pin connector, wire cable...

Ngày tải lên: 13/12/2013, 00:15

... consists entirely of digital outputs The connection of the above-mentioned byte with the external connector pins is shown in figure Figure 2: The first byte of the parallel port and its pin connections ... files, the functions that will be defined later are declared The common functions which are typically used to manipulate files are declared in the definition of the file_operations structure These ... function is shown in Table Events User functions Kernel functions Load module insmod module_init() Open device fopen file_operations: open Read device Write device Close device fclose file_operations:...

Ngày tải lên: 23/10/2013, 22:15

... consists entirely of digital outputs The connection of the above-mentioned byte with the external connector pins is shown in figure Figure 2: The first byte of the parallel port and its pin connections ... files, the functions that will be defined later are declared The common functions which are typically used to manipulate files are declared in the definition of the file_operations structure These ... function is shown in Table Events User functions Kernel functions Load module insmod module_init() Open device fopen file_operations: open Read device Write device Close device fclose file_operations:...

Ngày tải lên: 13/12/2013, 11:15

... kernel is concerned, the even-numbered kernel versions (i.e., 2.2.x and 2.4.x) are the stable ones that are intended for general distribution The odd versions (such as 2.3.x), on the contrary, ... different users can run different configurations on the same workstation Even completely different desktop environments, such as KDE and GNOME, can coexist on the same system Another example ... "Building and Running Modules", in the section "Version Dependency", and Chapter 11, "kmod and Advanced Modularization", in the section "Version Control in Modules") New kernel releases even...

Ngày tải lên: 24/12/2013, 01:17

... show on the console, depending on the kernel version you are running, the version of the klogd daemon, and your configuration You can ignore this issue for now; we'll explain it in the section ... functions: int check_region(unsigned long start, unsigned long len); struct resource *request_region(unsigned long start, unsigned long len, char *name); void release_region(unsigned long start, ... library of functions printf is one of those callable functions and is defined in libc A module, on the other hand, is linked only to the kernel, and the only functions it can call are the ones exported...

Ngày tải lên: 24/12/2013, 01:17

... implementing the system calls and are thus named open, read, and so on We can consider the file to be an "object" and the functions operating on it to be its "methods," using object- oriented programming ... implementation: unsigned long copy_to_user(void *to, const void *from, unsigned long count); unsigned long copy_from_user(void *to, const void *from, unsigned long count); Although these functions behave ... operations Applications occasionally need to a single read or write operation involving multiple memory areas; these system calls allow them to so without forcing extra copy operations on the...

Ngày tải lên: 24/12/2013, 01:17

... than count) Once you have a read_proc function defined, you need to connect it to an entry in the /prochierarchy There are two ways of setting up this connection, depending on what versions of the ... messages appear on the console Linux allows for some flexibility in console logging policies by letting you send messages to a specific virtual console (if your console lives on the text screen) ... the kernel proper depends heavily on gcc features anyway In addition, the makefile depends on GNU's version of make; once again, the kernel already depends on GNU make, so this dependency is...

Ngày tải lên: 24/12/2013, 01:17

... FIONCLEX Clear the close -on- exec flag FIOASYNC Set or reset asynchronous notification for the file (as discussed in "Asynchronous Notification" later in this chapter) Note that kernel versions ... lines can contain anything, and you often end up with the wrong font on your console.[25] [25]CTRL-N sets the alternate font, which is made up of graphic symbols and thus isn't a friendly font for ... way that avoids race conditions They will sleep until the condition, which may be any boolean C expression, evaluates true The macros expand to a while loop, and the condition is reevaluated over...

Ngày tải lên: 24/12/2013, 01:17

... Types") or by using spinlocks One must also be very careful to avoid race conditions with timer deletion Consider a situation in which a module's timer function is run on one processor while a related ... calculating long delays Even though the maximum allowable delay is nearly one second (since calculations overflow for longer delays), the suggested maximum value for udelay is 1000 microseconds (one millisecond) ... mdelay(unsigned long msecs); The functions introduce delays of an integer number of microseconds and milliseconds The former should be used to wait for no longer than one millisecond; the latter...

Ngày tải lên: 24/12/2013, 01:17

... unsigned long order); unsigned long get_dma_pages(int flags, unsigned long order); The page -oriented allocation functions get_zeroed_page returns a single, zero-filled page All the other versions ... The constructor and destructor arguments to the function are optional functions (but there can be no destructor without a constructor); the former can be used to initialize newly allocated objects ... some of the objects have been dropped) One side benefit to using lookaside caches is that the kernel maintains statistics on cache usage There is even a kernel configuration option that enables...

Ngày tải lên: 24/12/2013, 01:17

... int check_region(unsigned long start, unsigned long len); void request_region(unsigned long start, unsigned long len, char *name); void release_region(unsigned long start, unsigned long len); Resource ... with the -O option to force expansion of inline functions  The ioperm or iopl system calls must be used to get permission to perform I/O operations on ports ioperm gets permission for individual ... latter solution is only common within tiny processors meant for embedded use For the same reason, Linux implements the concept of I/O ports on all computer platforms it runs on, even on platforms...

Ngày tải lên: 24/12/2013, 01:17

... Functions such as spin_lock_irqsave (covered in "Using Spinlocks", later in this chapter) provide locking and interrupt control together; these functions are the only really safe way to control concurrency ... to connect pins and 10 of the parallel connector A short length of wire inserted into the appropriate holes in the parallel port connector on the back of your system will create this connection ... on your particular system Interrupt Sharing The notion of an IRQ conflict is almost synonymous with the PC architecture In general, IRQ lines on the PC have not been able to serve more than one...

Ngày tải lên: 24/12/2013, 01:17

... that long integers and pointers feature a different size on 64-bit platforms, as demonstrated by running the program on different Linux computers: arch long Size: char u8 u16 u32 u64 shor int long ... are good reasons to so One such situation is for memory addresses, which are special as far as the kernel is concerned Although conceptually addresses are pointers, memory administration is better ... and warnings you resolve on one architecture reappear on another For example, how would you print a size_t, which is unsigned long on some platforms and unsigned int on some others? Whenever...

Ngày tải lên: 24/12/2013, 01:17

... defined(CONFIG_MODVERSIONS) && !defined(MODVERSIONS) # define MODVERSIONS /* force it on */ #endif #ifdef MODVERSIONS # include #endif When compiling the file against a versioned ... #include /* retrieve the CONFIG_* macros */ #if defined(CONFIG_MODVERSIONS) && !defined(MODVERSIONS) # define MODVERSIONS #endif /* * Include the versioned definitions for both kernel ... pointer is no longer needed #include CONFIG_MODVERSIONS This macro is defined only if the current kernel has been compiled to support versioned symbols #ifdef MODVERSIONS #include...

Ngày tải lên: 21/01/2014, 07:20