rapid analysis techniques in food microbiology

Ngày tải lên: 12/02/2014, 15:20

... of rotating the grating in x-y plane and moving it in z-direction (Jin et al 2000), and rotating the grating in x-z plane (Xie et al 1997) However, in shadow moiré technique, phase shifting is ... Analysis Carrier Fringe Technique Fourier analysis Temporal Phase Analysis Fringe Tracking Phase Scanning Method Fourier analysis Wavelet Wavelet Figure 1.1 Fringe analysis techniques applied ... phase analysis techniques and applying them to measurement of continuouslydeforming objects or low-frequency vibrating objects indicated in Fig 1.1 in red colour The objectives of this thesis include:...

Ngày tải lên: 16/09/2015, 17:14

... deep Further, integrated shrimp farming and mangrove forest modeling was applied in Mekong Delta including study areas, so this method can be used in recognizing shrimp ponds The best indicator with ... 20 training areas and 25 sites were chosen for the supervised classification of the Travinh and Camau images, respectively List of training areas in Tra Vinh and Ca Mau were indicated in Table ... relative good result map of land-used status in Tra Vinh (1/2001) but it is rather bad in Ca Mau Remote sensing images Preliminary analysis Definition of training areas Field trips Supervised classification...

Ngày tải lên: 22/12/2013, 06:16

... ever-changing array of plant toxins in an evolving world; if a herbivore had defenses against only a specic set of toxins, it would be at great disadvantage in obtaining new food when favored foods ... only in the PDR for Herbal Medicines (Gruenwald et al., 1998) Poisoning epidemics by pyrrolizidine alkaloids have occurred in the developing world In the United States, poisonings, including deaths, ... as candidates for carcinogenicity testing These include solanine and chaconine, the main alkaloids in potatoes, which are cholinesterase inhibitors that can be detected in the blood of almost...

Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 22:20

... used in pigs to treat joint infections and pneumonia Several combination products containing lincomycin are approved for use in food- producing species A lincomycin–spectinomycin product administered ... lincomycin, clindamycin, and pirlimycin; two of these drugs—lincomycin and pirlimycin—are approved for use in food- producing species Lincosamides are derivatives of an amino acid and a sulfur-containing ... foot-rot in sheep A lincomycin–sulfadiazine combination product administered in- feed is used for the treatment of atrophic rhinitis and enzootic pneumonia in pigs Lincomycin–neomycin combination...

Ngày tải lên: 11/03/2014, 03:20

... the chain CHAPTER MANDATORY AND VOLUNTARY TRACEABILITY ADOPTION IN SINGLE-INGREDIENT FOOD CHAINS 2.1 Introduction Food supply chains are complex networks of interdependent firms, involved in the ... globalization of business and the increasing sophistication of food manufacturing and supply chains, particularly those involving pre-prepared foods In contrast to the EU, in the US mandatory ... multi-ingredient food This may increase risks of food safety hazards due to cross contamination Implementing traceability in multi-ingredient food chains may mitigate food safety risks Trinekens and...

Ngày tải lên: 03/06/2014, 02:17

... affect chitin synthesis in the insect cuticle by disrupting the process of connecting the N-acetylglucosamine units to the chitin chain, preventing in this way the normal moulting process of insects ... of the g-aminobutyric acid-gated chlorine channels, inducing convulsions in insects 1.5.2.2 Inhibitors of Cholinesterase The target for many insecticides is an enzyme called acetylcholinesterase ... Determination of Pesticides in Food of Vegetal Origin Frank J Schenck and Jon W Wong Chapter Determination of Pesticides in Food of Animal Origin Antonia Garrido Frenich, Jose Luis Martinez,...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 04:22

... depending on the objective of the analysis Finally, it is important to point out that, in most of the cases, samples need to be stored for certain periods of time before performing the analysis In ... might be affected In this sense, it is recommended to grind the sample at short time intervals to minimize sample heating In addition, due to heating, water content may vary making necessary to ... LLC in SPE Finally, analytes are eluted after a washing step for removing interfering compounds The main difference between MSPD and SPE is that the sample is dispersed through the column instead...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 04:22

... advantage over instrumental methods in determining pesticides in this aqueous sample matrix We investigated various sample preparation methods for determining pesticides in baby foods using either ... electrode is minimized or prevented in the presence of free inhibitor (analyte) in solution In this case, the cholinesterase remains in solution bound to the pesticide in the sample The sensing surface ... plate IC and DC ELISA and FPIA 30 ng=mL in urine ng=mL in urine 0.25 ng=mL in assay buffer 0.2–1 ng=mL buffer 0.05–0.3 ng=mL in urine IC50 ¼ 20 ng=mL ng=mL in urine 0.03–0.11 ng=mL [23] [38] [38]...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 04:22

... situation requiring the incorporation of sampling uncertainty in the combined uncertainty when relevant Methods of sampling for the analysis of pesticide residues cannot be validated Obtaining representative ... planning of the sampling program, providing clear instructions for the actual sampling operation including packing and shipping of samples The sampling method depends on the objectives of the analysis, ... component of designing sampling plans The information on the uncertainty of sampling, subsampling, and sample processing is equally important as the information on the uncertainty of analyses 5.2.1...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 04:22

... by using bromine–iodine to obtain the brominated methyl esters [5] or by reacting with pentafluorobenzyl bromine to obtain the halogenated aromatic esters [4,26] 8.2.4.4 Phenylureas The analysis ... by the analytical instrumentation that is beginning to be applied in the determination of pesticides since full mass-range spectrum and exact mass determination can be obtained for each pesticide ... sensors and biosensors in the determination of pesticides in environmental samples is also rapidly increasing These portable analytical devices offer the possibility of in situ analysis [85] Immunoassays,...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 04:22

... reported the coupling of SPE and LC=MS for determining 45 widely used pesticides having a broad range of polarity in water This method involved passing 4, 2, and L, respectively, of drinking water, ... sample stacking are used in CE to achieve better sensitivity for pesticide analysis in water There are two types of stacking The first stacking method involves the stacking of sample into a shorter ... signal To meet the requirement of continuous monitoring, the principles of flow injection analysis have been incorporated into the biosensor manufacturing, leading to the development of flow-through...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 04:22

... studies in water SPME is a very interesting method for a fast and inexpensive determination of organic pollutants in water, including rainwater The main advantage of SPME techniques is that it integrates ... obtained; the first one contains pp0 DDT, pp0 DDD, pp0 DDE, aldrin, dieldrin, HCB, fenpropathrin, and mecoprop, the second one contains methylparathion, and the third one contains aldicarb, atrazine, ... Sampling of Rainwater Rainwater samples are collected using different systems depending on studies and authors Asman et al.47 and Epple et al.24 used for their study on pesticides in rainwater in...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 04:22

... processing Typical home processing includes washing, peeling, heating, or juicing, whereas the commercial food processing additionally may include drying, canning, fermenting, oil extraction, refining, ... monitoring results in fruits, vegetables, cereals, food of animal origin, and processed food like drink, infant and baby food In addition, risk assessments of consumer exposure based on dietary intake ... detected in one soy-based formulae and in two out of nine cereal-based weaning foods, respectively In the Australian 19th total diet survey, residues were found in cereal-based infant foods but not in...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 04:22

... available for water sampling include continuous, online monitoring systems In such installations, water is continuously drawn from water input and automatically fed into an analytical instrument (i.e., ... substances persist in the environment and accumulate in the food chain, thus continue to be in the list for investigation Current screening strategies have also included pesticides with endocrine disruption ... 12.1 INTRODUCTION Worldwide pesticide usage has increased dramatically during the last three decades coinciding with changes in farming practices and the increasing intensive agriculture...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 04:22

... By using above five steps, the IAM can be developed It can help to improve the operation of the organization by redesigning and reengineering the business In other words, before building an information ... related transactions Capturing the business processes of the organization, it can be used as the starting point to design the supporting system for the organization Combining with IAM, the PM can ... Technique: The analysts fulfill the following table by using steps in the PM and requirements definition list There are six columns in the following table MAPPING TABLE Requirements: They are requirements...

Ngày tải lên: 02/08/2015, 13:22

... exist some combinations of rows, X, such that I(X) = ∅ 2.3.2 Pruning Strategies In MineTopkRGS, top-k pruning is the main pruning strategy, and other pruning techniques first introduced in [21] are ... data which combines the discriminating powers of the emerging patterns of each class Unsupervised data mining methods mainly refer to clustering methods The clustering subroutine typically groups ... discriminating powers of the top k covering rule groups of each training sample To address the complex nonlinear and shifting-and-scaling correlations among genes ix in a subset of conditions, we introduce...

Ngày tải lên: 15/09/2015, 17:09

... 1.3.2 Sample Introduction Sample can be introduced into the capillary in two common ways in CE One is the hydrodynamic injection, and the other is electrokinetic injection In hydrodynamic injection, ... concentration nitrate in seawater using native chloride in the sample as the leading ion, and the co-ion in the BGE as terminating ion Thus, a highly conductive sample could be injected in a large volume ... OPERATING MODES OF CE 11 1.5 ONLINE PRECONCENTRATION TECHNIQUES IN CE 1.5.1 On-line preconcentration using physical barrier 1.5.2 On-line chromatographic preconcentration techniques 1.5.2.1 On-line...

Ngày tải lên: 16/09/2015, 15:55

... drugs such as amphetamines and phencyclidine in urine were investigated using LPME combined with GC analysis [57] The optimized method was capable of detecting drugs in urine at concentrations ... Mental Health Services Administration established cut-off values for preliminary testing Cocaine and cocaine metabolites in urine samples have also been investigated using LPME [58] 16 Recently, ... with capillary LC analysis This method was also extended to the analysis of aromatic amines in water samples [89], phenoxy herbicides in bovine milk [90] and aminoalcohols in urine [91] Recently...

Ngày tải lên: 17/09/2015, 17:20

... ‘holo’ meaning whole and ‘graphein’ meaning to write It is a clever method of combining interference and diffraction for recording the reconstructing the whole information contained in an optical ... with initially developed algorithms resembling the former fringe counting The introduction of the phase shifting methods of classic interferometric metrology into HI was a big step forward, making ... REVIEW 2π The processing of converting the interference phase modulo 2π into a continuous phase distribution is called phase unwrapping This can be defined in the following expression (Creath,...

Ngày tải lên: 03/10/2015, 21:55