qualitative versus quantitative methods in psychiatric research

... is intriguing that the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase MEKK3 plays a key role in immune signaling [20], and CCM2 protein has been shown to function as a scaffold for MEKK3 in response ... caused by the loss of Ccm3 interaction with the kinases serine ⁄ threonine kinase 25 (STK25) and mammalian sterile twenty-like (MST4), giving a hint to the signaling pathway in which Ccm3 belongs, ... phenotype was seen in only a small percentage of fish Combining this low dose of rap1b morpholino with a similarly low dose of san morpholino resulted in a synergistic increase in both the intracerebral...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 10:20

... processing of other cytokines and cytokine receptors [32-35] Interestingly, PTPH1 is known to inhibit TACE expression and activity in vitro [36] We therefore analyzed cytokines plasma levels in carrageenan-treated ... Journal of Inflammation 2010, 7:16 http://www.journal-inflammation.com/content/7/1/16 and activates both MyD88-dependent and independent (TRIF-dependent-TIR-domain-containing adapterinducing interferon-β) ... ccl2 gene expression [66,67], activating NFκBinducing kinases, including IκB kinases (IKK) IKKs promote NFκB heterodimers translocation into the nucleus, leading to the transcription of targeted...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 03:20

... fir zone with increasing elevation − about m in height with every 100 m increase in elevation and 1.4 m in height with every 1° in latitude [35] − it is logical to expect a decline in radial growth ... to tree line (over 900 m) Considering this elevation range and the decline in subalpine fir site index (tree height (m) @ 50 years (breast height age)) in the Engelmann spruce – subalpine fir ... developed [9], relationships between subalpine fir site index and primary site factors were examined [4], and the decline in subalpine fir site index with increased elevation and latitude was quantified...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 14:21

... data, using eight “fit” indices We also examined the psychometric characteristics of the BDI-II Our results were broadly in support of the majority findings in the literature, indicating that ... the best fit indices, indicating the robustness of this model within samples of students across cultures The loadings on the general factor of the bifactor model provide some insight into the nature ... [60], the clinical implication is that the symptom domains interact synergistically to give rise to the heterogeneous expression of clinical depression Finally, we have replicated the finding that...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 16:22

... getting worse or better This can usually be determined by monitoring serum creatinine alone [14] Like creatinine clearance, the serum creatinine will not be an accurate reflection of GFR in the ... as a severity index Currently, most dialysis devices operate independently from the information infrastructure within institutions Focusing on integration with the information infrastructure ... + Combined insults Matches human pathology Matches clinical scenario Clinical Relevance ± Gentamicin + + ± ± + + Cisplatin3 + + + + + ± Glycerol4 + + + Myoglobin/ haemaglobin + Endotoxin + Bacterial...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 20:20

... having sufficient power are therefore extremely important in minimizing the in uence of confounding factors arising from inherent problems associated with breeding APP transgenic mice and maintaining ... time-consuming and greatly in uenced by individual handlers IntelliCages are automated learning cages where animals carrying transponders are housed in groups and trained in learning corners Each individual ... the N-terminus of the Ab domain in APP It was identified in 1992 [47] and shown to increase Ab levels by six- to eightfold [4] These discoveries created intense interest in APP processing and paved...

Ngày tải lên: 16/02/2014, 09:20

... histidines (His67 and His247, presumably providing metal binding at site II and the neighbouring His242) bind phosphate ions, thereby providing another level of competition for metal ion binding Kinetics ... Ni(II)-albumin complex It would be also interesting to follow the indirect effects of physiologically relevant Ca2+ binding (which occurs at separate sites in the protein [20,21]) on metal ion binding ... presented in Fig For VIHN and DAHam Fig Kinetics of Ni(II) binding to DAHKam and HSA at pH 7.4 in 100 mM phosphate buer Left panel, kinetic plots (d, experimental points constructed by adding intensities...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 04:20

... dependency parsing: An exploration In COLING 16, pages 340–345 Steven Paul Finch 1993 Finding Structure in Language Ph.D thesis, University of Edinburgh Dan Klein and Christopher D Manning 2002 A ... is lexicalized in the sense that the labels in the tree are derived from terminal symbols, but in our experiments the terminals were word classes, not individual lexical items taking a right argument ... testing multiple models, it is easier to start them all off in a common way by beginning with an M-step, and, second, it allowed us to point the model in the vague general direction of what linguistic...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 19:20

... functioning of the genes that have been modified in developing transgenic mouse models This is especially problematic for approaches that involve inducing gliomagenesis by mutating the germ line, ... Conflicting interests The authors declare that they have no competing interests Tissue Targeting with Conditional Knockouts Tissue specific overexpression of putative oncogenes of interest, using methods ... mutated in human cancers, including a significant fraction of secondary GBM A large number of currently described murine models utilize genetic inactivation of p53 to produce brain tumors In general,...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 15:20

... creating a lot of uncertainty and distress when interpreting signs and symptoms for the individuals at risk [11,12] In addition, information of being at risk of a possible life-threatening cardiac ... which indicates that avoidance includes more than being an adaptive coping response Thus, the current findings suggest that avoidance may be part of a psychological process highly influential in ... significant contributions to the final models In line with research of anxiety and gender, male gender was associated to less anxiety [34] Not surprisingly, increasing age and clinical Hamang et al Health...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 15:20

... EC, Constantin G: Molecular mechanisms involved in lymphocyte recruitment in inflamed brain microvessels: critical roles for P-selectin glycoprotein ligand1 and heterotrimeric G(i)-linked receptors ... T-cell infiltrates in nonobese diabetic mice were readily detected in the pancreas [16] This suggests that the sensitivity is sufficient to be useful in tracking cells in inflammatory infiltrates ... possible An alternative mode of imaging is the use of single photon imaging of γ-emitting isotopes like 11 1In or 99Tc Imaging of γ-emitting isotopes is referred to as single photon emission commuted...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 01:22

... from local effects in the injected joint, it is becoming increasingly clear that local treatment also affects arthritis in nearby joints This is an intriguing and general finding, which may expand ... of proinflammatory cytokines, thereby reducing their circulating levels and abolishing a sensitizing effect on naïve joints A conflicting finding was the protection of the ipsilateral hind paw ... discriminate cytokine targeting and cell targeting as the two main gene therapeutic approaches to arthritis In cytokine targeting, the objective is to restore the (local) cytokine balance in arthritis...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 01:24

... developed using diaminobenzidine (brown) and counter stained with hematoxylin (blue) Very weak staining of FGF8 was observed in a few synovial cells, but not in other tissues in normal knee joints (d) ... administration of anti-FGF8 antibody significantly inhibited the increase in S-GAG in the joint by 42% (P = 0.0188; Figure 6) Discussion The present study provides new and interesting findings ... administered by intraperitoneal injection (20 mg/kg) hour before the injection of MIA For the vehicle group, sterile saline was administered intraperitoneally instead of the antibody solution In...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 10:23

... Arthritis Research & Therapy Vol 11 No Robinson same inbred strain of mouse, the universally studied BALB/c, which is the most susceptible to PGIA The goal of the research was to compare the incidence ... proteoglycan-induced spondylitis and to determine expression patterns of a panel of relevant genes in a large number of distinct colonies of the susceptible mouse strain BALB/c Although induction ... any differences in incidence and severity, the sub-lines of BALB/c mice showed modest but significant differences in immune parameters such as cytokine and antibody responses and clinical scores...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 14:20

... identified TNF/IL-1 involvement In 1991, Kollias and coworkers provided insight into the possible role of TNF in arthritis induction in an elegant series of experiments By introducing into mice a modified ... detail In general, TNF is a major mediator in the early stages of joint inflammation in every experimental arthritis model Although IL-1 is not a dominant early inflammatory cytokine in all models, ... breakdown Intriguingly, cartilage erosion was not only diminished in AIA in these mice, but cartilage repair was stimulated following inflammation [75] This makes ADAMTS5 a promising target in RA,...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 14:22

... i and y are introduced This model has the general form: a with It should be noted that the range of maximization of o, bi is from minus infinity to infinity rather than to infinity in order to ... underlying trait can be calculated separately For Meyer’s example an underlying uncorrelated model converged in 50 iterations The difference in log L was 0.94 suggesting that an underlying independent ... deserves further investigation If, after fitting this underlying model, there is interest in getting some information on covariances between the underlying traits but full p trait evaluation is...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 18:21

... a somatic/information processing factor including psychomotor disturbance, irritability, and thinking/decision-making difficulties Under this model these factors can be viewed as distinct yet ... self-report data were included in our cross-sectional analysis of the baseline phase of an ongoing longitudinal study Longitudinal data are essential to further examine stability in the general and ... test of fit with dichotomous or ordinal observed variables In all models individuals with partially missing item level data were included, since estimation of missing data patterns is possible under...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 16:21

... before testing the instruments with patients suffering from depression Three experts were invited for an informal panel discussion of the instrument, and reviewing the individual items in depth ... Being involved in talk therapy (psychotherapy) a One in 1000 c Staying sober b One in 50 d Stopping antidepressant medications if feeling well c One in d One in Which of the following is TRUE about ... practice Future research should include larger, more heterogeneous samples from various community clinics Also the instrument contains some very easy items leading to poor discriminating power for...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 17:20

... treatment (BMC) reported injecting heroin in the past 30 days Almost three quarters of the sample reported injecting heroin at their most recent injection (74.6%) or injecting with others all or ... the interviews, and writing the manuscript KB participated in developing the study design, helping to create the study instruments, performing data analyses, conducting the interviews, and writing ... lacking confidence in or being unsure of their ability to help in an overdose situation They expressed interest in receiving information about overdose prevention (76.3%) or train- ing on how to respond...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 18:20