pulsed electric fields in food preservation
Dielectrics in electric fields (1)
Ngày tải lên :
21/03/2014, 12:08
... modern dielectric theory and engineering, including the lastest analysis and modeling techniques As the editor of the Power Engineering Series, I am proud to include Dielectrics in Electric Fields ... maintenance Polymer scientists are interested in understanding the role of long chain molecules in varied applications ranging from heat resistant dielectrics to selfrepairing plastics The intensity ... complex dielectric constant are explained and the influence of frequency and temperature in determining the relaxation is examined Functions for representing the complex dielectric constant in the...
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dielectrics in electric fields (2)
Ngày tải lên :
21/03/2014, 12:08
... sphere of radius R and a dielectric constant 82 The sphere is situated in a dielectric medium extending to infinity and having a dielectric constant of S] and an external electric field is applied ... A DIELECTRIC SPHERE IMMERSED IN A DIFFERENT MEDIUM A typical problem in the application of Laplace's equation towards dielectric studies is to find the electric field inside an uncharged dielectric ... substituting equation (1.25) in (1.24) The method of finding the solution of Laplace's equation in some typical examples is shown in the following sections TM Copyright n 2003 by Marcel Dekker, Inc...
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dielectrics in electric fields (3)
Ngày tải lên :
21/03/2014, 12:08
... shown in the following section 2.3 THE INTERNAL FIELD To calculate the internal field we imagine a small spherical cavity at the point where the internal field is required The result we obtain varies ... local ordering in the dielectric23 It has the value of unity if we imagine a molecule to be held fixed, and the average moment of a spherical region of finite radius within an infinite specimen ... gives rise to an electric field in a direction perpendicular to E and this component is ' PcosQsmOdA dE sin - - Substituting expression (2.17) in this expression and integrating we get o ~ Hence...
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dielectrics in electric fields (4)
Ngày tải lên :
21/03/2014, 12:08
... n increases s' changes with increasing COT, the curves crossing over at COT = At n=l the change in s' with increasing COT is identical to the Debye relaxaton, the material then possessing a single ... particularly in long chain polymers, a linear configuration Further, in the solid phase the dipoles are more likely to be interactive and not independent in their response to the alternating field7 ... n increases the curves become narrower and the peak value increases This behavior is consistent with that shown in fig 3.8 Let the lines joining any point on the Cole-Cole diagram to the points...
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dielectrics in electric fields (5)
Ngày tải lên :
21/03/2014, 12:08
... presence of dipoles in the vicinity Because the dipoles have finite length in real dielectrics they are more rigidly fixed, as in the case of a side group attached to the main chain of a polymer ... vibrations One, along the line joining the equilibrium positions of the charges, called longitudinal optic mode (LO) and another, in a plane perpendicular to the line joining the equilibrium positions ... two kinds, inter-cluster or intra-cluster Each of these interactions makes its own characteristic contribution to the susceptibility function The intra-cluster (within a cluster) movement involves...
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dielectrics in electric fields (6)
Ngày tải lên :
21/03/2014, 12:08
... chlorinated PVC (CPVC) with chlorine content increasing in the range 60-65% During chlorination, the chlorine replaces the hydrogen atoms in CH2 units rather than in the CH—Cl units Chlorination increases ... in the crystalline region, or to p-loss? Such questions frequently arise in dielectric studies in interpreting experimental data Since the peak value of B" increases with decreasing crystallinity ... along the chain at intervals of about 100 main units Branches of approximately the main chain length may also exist at intervals of a few main chain lengths The degree of chain branching changes...
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dielectrics in electric fields (7)
Ngày tải lên :
21/03/2014, 12:08
... domain to the frequency domain involves the assumption that the current is measured in the interval to infinity, which is not attained in practice The necessity to truncate the integral to a finite ... been examined by Bergman et al (1998) The procedure adopted for transforming the frequency domain data into time domain current involves two steps: (1) Determine G(i) from e"- co data by inverse ... current-time relationship in polymers 6.7.1 ARAMID PAPER Aramid Paper which is an aromatic polyamide is a high temperature insulating material and finds increasing applications in electrical equipment...
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dielectrics in electric fields (8)
Ngày tải lên :
21/03/2014, 12:08
... by taking into account the coupling that exists between individual atoms in a solid instead of assuming that each atom is a independent vibrator, TM Copyright n 2003 by Marcel Dekker, Inc All ... fact that transport occurs within interchain of the molecule rather than within intrachain The mobilitiy of electrons in polymers is ~ 10"'° m2 V'V1 and at electric fields of 100 MV/m the drift ... which in turn is related to a decrease in free volume Increase in viscosity and intermolecular forces are also associated with the increase in molecular weight and therefore in resistivity In general...
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dielectrics in electric fields (9)
Ngày tải lên :
21/03/2014, 12:08
... — ion recombination AB In considering recombination many of these processes have to be taken into account acting in combination and the decrease of electron density due to recombination has led ... E/N the energy for generating an ion-pair is a minimum resulting in a minimum sparking potential of the gas I.2A ASYMPTOTE - = • ORIGIN TANGENT LINE 0.8 A C Q STOLETOW POINT 0.6A !•«= f = 368A 0.4A ... is obtained by finding the inverse Laplace transforms of equations (8.43) and (8.44) The details of computation are explained in the following section 8.5.3 Formative Time Lags in Cylindrical...
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dielectrics in electric fields (10)
Ngày tải lên :
21/03/2014, 12:08
... non-uniform fields [35] Author Boeuf &Marode Sato & Tagashira Moratz et al Gas He N2 N2 Liu & Govinda Raju SF6 Field Configuration Decreasing Decreasing Decreasing & increasing Decreasing & increasing ... corona pulses tends to increase with decreasing gas pressure and increasing applied voltage Discharge cell VARIABLE GAIN AMP Calibration pulse input Fig 9-6 System for measuring electrical characteristics ... explained that the positive corona inception voltage is higher than the negative inception voltage The difference between the inception voltages increases with increasing divergence of the electric...
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dielectrics in electric fields (11)
Ngày tải lên :
21/03/2014, 12:08
... in aramid paper Poling field and heating rate: A 7.9 MV/m, K/min; • 11.8 MV/m, K/min.; O 7.9 MV/m, K/min.; Q 3.9 MV/m, 2K/min.; A MV/m, 2K/min.; • 7.9 MV/m, K/min.; X i K/min (Raju, 1992, with ... coefficients depend on the nature of the material; retrapping is dominant in dielectrics whereas recombination with light output dominates in thermoluminiscent materials Conduction level Forbidden energy ... measurements with heating rate of p T&V Windowing Polarization Fig 10.5 Protocol for windowing TSD Note the additional detail in the region EFGH Tp and Td are poling and window temperatures respectively...
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dielectrics in electric fields (12)
Ngày tải lên :
21/03/2014, 12:08
... for determining P(;c) involves the following steps: The integral sign in equation (11.26) may be replaced by a summation by dividing the film into n incremental thickness, each layer having its ... thermal pulsing experiment in the double metallizing and single metallizing configurations (Collins, 1980, Am Inst Phys.) The observed properties of the electret are in general related to the internal ... scattered mainly in the forward direction The electrons move a certain distance within the dielectric, building up a space charge density and an internal electric field which may be quite intense...
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Báo cáo hóa học: " Rapid Concentration of Nanoparticles with DC Dielectrophoresis in Focused Electric Fields" pot
Ngày tải lên :
22/06/2014, 00:20
... electrokinetic flow is dominant over DEP and diffusion, resulting in the regime of streaming DEP At higher voltages, DEP is dominant, resulting in trapping DEP This letter describes an insulating ... delicate insulating structure constructed in a channel for the purpose of field focusing (Fig 1) A simple and effective field-focusing insulator structure is shown in Fig 1a, which 123 (a) Insulating ... illustrating the fabrication of the microfluidic device containing PDMSinsulating microstructures Microfabrication and Experimental Setup The microfluidic device containing the insulating microelectrodes...
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Approach to Zero Emission Processes in Food Industry - Case Study for Soy-Sauce Production Process -
Ngày tải lên :
05/09/2013, 08:40
... zero-emission systems in food industries The soy-sauce production process was studied as an example of food industry CHARACTERISTICS OF FOOD INDUSTRY The food industry is suitable in demonstrating the concept ... Wheat,91 Rinsing Fig.2 Bulk materials flow analysis Roasting Soybean,34 Wheat,35 Water,127 Water,0 Rinsing Roasting Cooling Cooling Koji Salt water,349 Koji,73 Salt water,0 Mixing,795 Mixing,81 ... flow of all components involved in the production lines At least, the specific materials that are essential in establishing the zero-emission system must be considered In food industry, we selected...
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ACRYLAMIDE IN FOOD chemical structure
Ngày tải lên :
27/09/2013, 18:30
... present, how high the risk of contracting cancer is in humans after the intake of acrylamide-containing foods (Anon., 2004a-d) In this report, it is aimed to investigate the analysis methods of ... during the treatment of drinking water Acrylamide does not bind to soil but is degraded by micro-organisms within a few days in soil and water The acrylamide that does not coagulate remains in ... is in humans after the intake of acrylamide-containing foods In principle, the so-called Alara Principle, i.e as low as reasonably achievable, applies to genotoxic and carcinogenic substances The...
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PHƯƠNG PHÁP SỬ DỤNG KÍCH THÍCH XUNG ĐIỆN TRƯỜNG PEF (PULSED ELECTRIC FIELD) TRONG CÔNG NGHỆ CHẾ BIẾN SỮA
Ngày tải lên :
13/02/2014, 10:30
... F Noci, M Walkling-Ribeiro, D.A Cronin, D.J Morgan, J.G Lyng Effect of thermosonication, pulsed electric field and their combination on inactivation of Listeria innocua in milk International Dairy ... sinh vật: log = 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑁0 𝑁 ; với N0 lượng vi sinh vật có mẫu trước xử lý (CFU/mL) , N lượng vi sinh vật sau xử lý (CFU/mL) Võ Phƣơng Vinh | MSSV 61004021 Pulsed Electric Field in dairy processing ... hoạt vi sinh vật thấp so với trùng thông thường Để giải thích cho điều này, ông nhận định rằng, có Võ Phƣơng Vinh | MSSV 61004021 Pulsed Electric Field in dairy processing microbial inactivation...
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Tài liệu Pesticide Residues in Food and Cancer Risk: A Critical Analysis pdf
Ngày tải lên :
14/02/2014, 22:20
... ever-changing array of plant toxins in an evolving world; if a herbivore had defenses against only a specic set of toxins, it would be at great disadvantage in obtaining new food when favored foods ... only in the PDR for Herbal Medicines (Gruenwald et al., 1998) Poisoning epidemics by pyrrolizidine alkaloids have occurred in the developing world In the United States, poisonings, including deaths, ... as candidates for carcinogenicity testing These include solanine and chaconine, the main alkaloids in potatoes, which are cholinesterase inhibitors that can be detected in the blood of almost...
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Tài liệu Committee on Toxicity of Chemicals in Food, Consumer Products and the Environment - Subgroup Report on the Lowermoor Water Pollution Incident pdf
Ngày tải lên :
17/02/2014, 10:20
... concentrations in Lowermoor treatment works and in trunk main system Indications of copper concentrations in the contaminated water Other water pollution incidents involving aluminium sulphate Key points ... analysing for contaminants in water, that samples are taken into a prepared vessel in order to minimise contamination from environmental sources When sampling in domestic premises, drinking water ... guidelines take the form of a maximum recommended concentration for a contaminant in drinking water In the case of acidity, the Guideline Value is a recommended range within which the pH of drinking...
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Tài liệu Reversed Food Chain – From the Plate to the Farm Priorities in Food Safety and Food Technology for European Research potx
Ngày tải lên :
22/02/2014, 05:20
... indispensable for the introduction of new technologies into the food chain The example of biotechnology in food production in Europe indicates that consumers will increasingly call for more information ... effect in maintaining food quality and increasing sustainability is obtained by means of packaging technologies (new environmental friendly packaging methods and materials like edible coating/biodegradable ... from food products The basic idea behind the reversed food chain thinking is the analysis of the interaction between the consumer and each individual phase of the food chain Recent developments in...
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