public participation technological discourses and the scale of gis

... keep the temperature of the autoclave and the dyestuff vessel constant during the complete process cycle In this case, only the temperature of the dyed goods, the interior of the autoclave and the ... cycle is one of the key factors in the calculation of energy consumption of an up-scaled plant and has to be evaluated For estimation of the dyeing time, knowledge of the solubility of dyes in ... approximately 950 l and that of the dyeing autoclave 600 l The up-scaled plant fulfils the process conditions as described in Table 5.2 A schematical drawing of parts of the front and side view of the plant...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 02:22

... dioxide (Jung and Perrut, 2001) The dissolution of carbon dioxide in the liquid droplets leads to large volume expansion of the liquid and consequently the reduction of the dissolution power of this ... contamination of the final products The high cost of organic solvents and the increasingly stringent environmental regulations together with the new requirements of the medical and food industries ... variety of applications including the extraction and fractionation of edible fats and oils, purification of solid matrices, separation of tocopherols and other antioxidants, clean-up of herb...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 22:20

... that of liquid benzene and that the solvent strength of supercritical fluoroform is similar to that of liquid chloroform The results are consistent with the findings based on the π∗ and Py scales ... Rights Reserved Figure 10 Shift of the maximum of the CT emission as a function of the polar parameter of the solvent The open circle shows the data obtained in the liquid solvent: (1) bromobenzene, ... (6) where Vp is the volume of the probe molecule, kB is the Boltzmann constant, T is the temperature in K, and f and C are correction factors The factor f corrects for the shape of the probe molecule,...

Ngày tải lên: 02/04/2014, 15:48

... period The results of batch adsorption study were processed to develop the Freundlich, Langmuir and BET isotherm and find out the appropriate kinetics The respective isotherm expressions and their ... acetate and different types of softeners are used at the rate of – % and 1– % of the fabric weight respectively for this purpose At the last stage, wet fabric is dried at high temperature In case of ... approximately 12% of synthetic textile dyes used each year get lost in manufacturing and processing operation and 20% of these lost dyes enter into the environment through the wastewater effluent These dyes...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 17:03

... injections “instantly” volatilize the solvent and analytes and sweep them into the column  Splitters:   effectively dilute the sample, by splitting off a portion of it (up to 1:500) Ovens: Programmable, ... uniform liquid coating on the wall (open tubular) or particles (packed) – When the polarity of the stationary phase matches that of the analytes, the low-boilers come off first… – Bonded/cross-linked ... 793 of Skoog et al 6th Ed GC Detectors: FID  The flame ionization detector    (FID), the most common and useful GC detector Process: The column effluent is mixed with hydrogen and air and...

Ngày tải lên: 27/06/2014, 01:20

... each of these stages the structure, properties and behavior of fibres undergo many changes The assembly of the fibres and fabrics as well as bulk of each fibre undergoes transformations Of these ... with the dyestuff Vat Green The data in Table show that the blue leuco form of the dye was maintained until the end of the exhaustion phase This confirmed that these concentrations of SBH and ... surface of the wool fiber diffuses light giving less reflection and a softer colour The proteins in the core of the fiber absorb and combine with a wide variety of dyes and allow the wool to...

Ngày tải lên: 29/06/2014, 08:20

... either Neanderthal man or the ancient Egyptians considered the toxicological aspects of the colorants they used Until the late nineteenth century, all the colorants were obtained from nature The ... Steingruber’s review of the product health impact and toxicology of organic dyes and pigments (Steingruber, 2004), and Desai’s and Starodumov’s reviews of the toxicology of dyes (Desai, 1992; ... properties because the reactive group is no longer present and the high water-fastness of the dyed fabric ensures that no dye is exposed to the skin of the wearer Consequently, no cases of allergic...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 02:22

... agents etc.), the time/temperature profile and the liquor ratio Some of these may be dictated by the machinery available, for example, the liquor ratio and the degree of agitation These in turn ... standard sources.6–8 These cover the different types of dye available, the various fibres to which they can be applied, and the types of machine used for the application at various stages of ... impact in the architectural field have led the way and have begun to spill over into the apparel market.5 4.2 Background and scope The general theory and practice of the application of dyes to...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 02:22

... concerning the environmental impact of the dyes they used and, as of 1984, even the chemical composition of at least half of the dyes used in the industry was estimated to be unknown In the last ... indicator of the level of precision and accuracy of the process so as to impart the desired quality to the fabric in the first instance of processing For example, an RFT of 70% means that 30% of the production ... serve to further reduce the colour content of the bath and also it may not require replenishing additions of the salt and auxiliaries In most of the cases, it is conceivable that the dye bath...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 02:22

... affecting the optimum adsorption of colour with activated sludge are its quality and concentration, the hardness of the water and the duration of the treatment Pagga and Taeger9 investigated the application ... from the wide variation in the above observations that the effect of pH on decolorisation efficiency is dependent on the chemical structure of the dye and the type of alkali being used to set the ... and kerosene oil, and all of these substances have to be washed off at the end of the production process Schultz et al.98 reported that addition of sodium alginate increased the consumption of...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 02:22

... chemical types of dyes and auxiliary chemicals used and of the application processes, and to the complexities of the relevant legislation throughout the world The industry is challenged by the requirement ... relevant Federal and state legislative situation in the USA and also speculates on future trends, including the impact of the imminent changes in Europe The importance of being aware of the potential ... introduction to the historical development of our knowledge of toxicological issues associated with the dyes, their intermediates and metabolites, and leads into a review of current understanding of the...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 02:22

... aqueous solution of a dyestuff, a foaming agent and a carrier for the dyestuff and the padded fabric is maintained at elevated temperatures to fix the dye The advantages of the process include ... migration of the dye into the fiber, higher color yields in the fabric even after relatively short dyeing times and improved dimensional stability of the dyed fabrics Foam is a dispersion of a gas ... comb, chopsticks, or any tool to swirl and spread the dye into any pattern desired Place a piece of the prepared fabric on the surface of the shaving cream and dye pattern Remove any air bubbles...

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2015, 13:09

... base of the machine As soon as the second roller gets full, the direction of movement of fabric can be reversed In Jig dyeing, the duration of the process is measured on the basis of the number of ... in the top side of the machine where the fabric is hanged A longer length of textile is made to hang from the exit side of the winch as compared to the inlet side By applying the force of gravitation ... baskets are round and made of steel There are a lot of holes On the down side of this basket Through this holes water can be drained out It is located at the centre of the machine and is rotated...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2015, 00:04

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 16:20

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 13:20

... Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, The Netherlands; and the Institution of Chemical Engineers, England © 1999 by CRC Press LLC The Authors C.K Gupta, Ph.D., is Director of ... extent of the deviation of an actual particle from the spherical shape or degree of sphericity It is defined as the ratio of the surface area of a sphere to that of the actual particle that has the ... designated them by the letters A, B, C, and D These groups are characterized by the difference in density between the fluidizing gas (i.e., air and the solid) and the mean size of the particles...

Ngày tải lên: 02/04/2014, 14:57

... ARF [3]; the choice, validity and relevance of animal models of ARF [4]; and the choice regarding appropriate physiological and clinical end-points for trials of new treatments of ARF [5] They also ... optimize the model Proper randomization of animals Models should be chosen on the basis of their relevance to the clinical situation, and not merely by the reproducibility of the model Similar baseline ... conducting and critically evaluating studies utilizing animal models Table summarizes these principles and other guidelines for the use of animal models in the study of ARF Despite their limitations,...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 20:20

... for the workers & the environment as well Highlights of using Low TPI yarn: (17.5-19) Advantage of Low TPI from fiber to RMG: ● Stand by time of needles & sinkers at least 10- 15% through the softness ... of super soft fabric, no chance for needle holes doing sewing ● The fastness is becoming half grade better ● Last but not the least we are avoiding the spirality of the RMG Highlight of using ... reduction of water, power, CO2, & also the cost - It will also meet the environmental compliances for the industries Fiber & Yarn: The fiber & yarn should be selected under such condition of using...

Ngày tải lên: 30/07/2015, 10:34

... allowing the disperse dye to diffuse and penetrate the pore and capillary structure of the fibres The viscosity of the dye solution is lower, making the circulation of the dye solutions easier and ... net inside the vessel and the solid, pure dye was placed on the bottom of the vessel A ratio of 1.5% dye omf was used When the system reached the desired temperature and pressure, the liquid ... each other so for a mixture a single phase can be guaranteed if the critical point of the mixture is exceeded The critical point of a binary mixture can be estimated as the arithmetic mean of the...

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2015, 13:08