proteoglycans and cartilage repair

... filling of repaired cartilage and approximately half of the repaired cartilage integrated with the normal cartilage border On the other hand, most of the SD group showed poorer results D6, D8, and D9 ... drier Cartilage repair evaluation As shown in Table 2, for the AC group, dog number (D1) shows normal repaired cartilage tissue; D2, D4, and D5 show nearly normal results; and D3 showed abnormal repair, ... OA, and KN carried out the design, operation, and coordination of the study and helped to draft the manuscript PK and PP carried out the biochemistry assay and chondrocyte culture KK, PC, and...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 14:21

... articular cartilage through to fibrocartilage Collagen or glycosaminoglycan epitope ‘Normal’ articular cartilage Hyaline-like repair tissue Hyaline/ fibrocartilage repair tissue Fibrocartilagelike repair ... proteoglycan epitopes in repair tissue in animal models of cartilage repair They found it was able to differentiate repair hyaline tissue from both normal and fibrous repair tissue Certainly in ... imaging; n/a not applicable; N/A not available with standard and polarised light and images captured and digitised using a closed-circuit television and Image Grabber software (Neotech Ltd, Hampshire,...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 01:21

... 35SO42- incorporation into patellar and tibial cartilage was assessed The cartilage of the patella and the tibia was isolated 3, 7, and 21 days after viral injection and incubated with 35SO42- for ... upon damage To assess whether BMP signalling is required for cartilage repair and whether BMP activity can enhance cartilage repair, cartilage damage was induced with IL-1 Thereafter, either BMP ... necessary for cartilage maintenance [27] Besides cartilage maintenance, BMP-2 is beneficial for cartilage repair This has been demonstrated by the fact that BMP2 stimulates cartilage repair in defects...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 10:21

... after cartilage repair procedures Reliable, reproducible, and relatively inexpensive methods to evaluate the quality and maturation of reparative tissue will substantially advance the field of cartilage ... articular cartilage: trauma, degeneration, and repair Am J Sports Med 2006, 34:661-677 Saris DB, Vanlauwe J, Victor J, Haspl M, Bohnsack M, Fortems Y, Vandekerckhove B, Almqvist KF, Claes T, Handelberg ... visual and histological appearance than those treated with drilling Three of the five AC biopsies were near normal, and the other two showed at least 50% fill and peripheral integration of the repair...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 14:21

... general purpose and intended for the maintenance, repair and modification welding of molds, tools and dies Any tools in need of repair that could threaten life or limb if not repaired correctly, ... scratching, guessing and eventually going back to your source for the repair information again A customer may come back to you and tell you that the repair you made the last time was perfect and can he ... insulating material d Visual d Air d Fig 2.2 12 Handbook of mold, tool and die repair welding Pre-inspection: visual and dye pen A visual pre-inspection is standard on all tools All tools should be inspected...

Ngày tải lên: 05/01/2014, 19:45

... equipment All the basic bodywork and paint repair processes are covered, from minor touch–in work, to damage and panel repairs plus full and part resprays If particular repairs need either extra equipment ... Contents the online body and paint repair manual 1/ First Steps Notepad Things to check before you start 2/ Scratches and Stonechips How to handle minor paint repairs 3/ Repair ing Dents Get that ... online body and paint repair manual Check that you have the correct tools and materials to carry out your intended repair Apart from the usual spanners, screwdrivers and sockets, hexagon and `Torx'...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 12:20

... ML, Sandy JD, Anderson DK, Howland DR: Intact aggrecan and fragments generated by both aggrecanse and metalloproteinase-like activities are present in the developing and adult rat spinal cord and ... ADAMTS-4 and ADAMTS-5) and other MMPs are known, they may be useful agents to test the role of aggrecanases and MMPs in various models of cartilage degradation Regulation of aggrecanase activity and ... adult joint cartilage represents 15–20% of the resident aggrecan molecules within the matrix, and the proportion of G1-VDIPEN in OA and RA cartilage is about the same as in adult joint cartilage, ...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 01:21

... thickness (c) and procollagen positive cells (d) Error bars display standard error In experimental OA, simultaneous overexpression of TGF-β and Smad7 increased PG content of cartilage and prevented ... synthesis and PG content of cartilage in mice These studies indicate that TGF-β has good potential for repairing cartilage We showed that adenoviral overexpression of TGF-β was indeed able to boost cartilage ... pathogen-free conditions They were fed a standard diet and tap water ad libitum The local animal committee had approved this study Stimulation of cartilage repair by TGF-β after IL-1 insult To assess...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 07:20

... International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) describes cartilage standard evaluation as follows: grade 0, normal cartilage; grade 1, near-normal cartilage with superficial lesions; grade 2, cartilage ... 50% of the depth of the cartilage; and grade 4, severely abnormal cartilage in which the cartilage defects reach ... (Figure 3e), but that of grade cartilage and grade cartilage did not differ from that of grade cartilage Although these data for grade cartilage and grade cartilage are not consistent with ICRS...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 10:23

... phosphatase (d_BALP) and d_CRP, and (d) d_MMP-3 and d_BALP = 0.004; MMP-3: r = 0.454, P = 0.009) and we observed a non-significant tendency of negative correlation between d_BALP and d_CRP (r = -0.322, ... MMP-3, VEGF, and BALP between baseline and different time points were analysed using the Wilcoxon test The correlation of differences in the serum levels of MMP3, VEGF, BALP, and CRP before and after ... 36 to 52 and baseline (d_VEGF) and d_MMP-3 correlated nicely with d_CRP (VEGF: r = 0.498, P Figure Mean serum axial of vasoendothelial growth factor 12 and metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3), and bone-specific...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 13:22

... due to joint effusion and/ or altered clearance rates [11,12], there may be direct effects of inflammatory mediators and enzymes on articular cartilage turnover and thus on cartilage biomarker levels ... every hours between PIH and PIH 8, and at PIH 8, 24, 48 and 168, each horse's attitude, temperature, pulse and respiratory rate were recorded, lameness was scored on a standardized to scale [23], ... changes in cartilage turnover markers While prostaglandin E2 and substance P are known actors in cartilage degradation in arthritic joints [3,37], the effects of bradykinin on articular cartilage...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 13:22

... wounds is detrimental to repair, in this cartilage repair model the persistence of PMNs during the first few weeks of repair is related to a more favorable cartilage repair outcome To identify ... tissue as well as remodeling and revascularization of the damaged trabecular bone, and subsequent formation of more hyaline repair tissue in both rabbit and sheep repair models [2,3,11] In contrast, ... myeloperoxidase and lactoferrin by polymorphonuclear neutrophils Degranulation was determined using the MPO and lactoferrin assay, as described by Bradley and coworkers [20] and Mocsai and colleagues...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 14:21

... radiographically and is associated with long-term functional disability [6,7] Cartilage turnover can also be monitored by measuring synthesis and degradation products of cartilagespecific collagens and proteoglycans ... IL-17A in actively inflamed joints and to elucidate the mechanism of IL-17A, alone and in combination with TNF-α and oncostatin M (OSM) in matrix turnover and cartilage degradation using whole ... pooled from each time point and stored at -80°C for analysis of proMMP-1, proMMP-13, TIMP-1, MMP-2 and MMP-9 Cartilage and RASFC experiments were performed in duplicate Cartilage explants were paraffin...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 14:22

... data were obtained by retrospective reviews and clinic visits and CT scan performed at 3, and 12 months after aortic repair and annually thereafter, and late survival rates not include early mortality ... impeding rupture as new ulcerlike projection, expanding false lumen or persistent symptoms and visceral and/ or limb malperfusion are at high risk and require a more aggressive approach representing ... arrest was reserved in 16 cases with no operative mortality and low incidence of paraplegia According to Shimokawa and colleagues [20] and Lai and coworkers [22] we firmly believe that proximal clamp...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 09:22

... 25 and 50 μg/ml) and the kinase activity was determined Data represent representative experiment and are expressed as % activity (B) GSK-3β was incubated with RIAA (0, 1, 5, 25 and 50 μg/ml) and ... resorption and contributes to bone loss [23]; and IL-1/TNF-α stimulate chondrocytes to increase production of MMPs and other degradative products [24-26] These mediators cause bone erosion and cartilage ... IκB and causes the degradation of the complex, which permits the dissociation and nuclear translocation of NF-κB p50/p65 NF-κB in the nucleus binds to DNA and activates inflammatory genes and...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 08:22

... the repair kinetics of single and double strand DNA breaks induced in wild type and silenced lines Of the different forms of DNA damage, DSBs are one of the most cytotoxic and, if left unrepaired, ... http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2229/9/79 A B DSB repair in Arabidopsis Col0 and atlig1-RNAiA and atlig1-RNAiB lines determined by neutral comet assay Figure DSB repair in Arabidopsis Col0 and atlig1-RNAiA and atlig1-RNAiB lines ... understanding of the DNA double-strand break repair machinery of plants DNA Repair 2006, 5(1):1 Friesner J, Britt AB: Ku80- and DNA ligase IV-deficient plants are sensitive to ionizing radiation and...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 03:20

... DNA repair and polymorphisms of the XRCC1, XRCC3 and XRCC4 DNA repair genes in systemic lupus erythematosus Lupus 2008, 17:988-995 Fernandez D, Perl A: Metabolic control of T cell activation and ... COX3, ND1, ND2, and ATP6), the expression levels of X-ray repair cross-complementing 6, COX2, and ATP8 were also decreased in patients with SLE (Figures and 4) Several ATPases and ATP synthases ... genetic susceptibility in SLE [20] Bassi and colleagues, however, reported that SLE leucocytes less efficiently repair radiation-induced DNA damage and that DNA repair gene polymorphic sites may predispose...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 15:23

... NL-1907 (nt 456 to 2080) and (D) NLΔSL1, (E) NLΔSL1-913 and (F) NLΔSL1-1907 (nt 456 to 2037) were subjected to Mfold analysis The SL1 and SL2 and the positions of the MA (913) and SP1 (1907) substitutions ... RNA and mRNA in the virion The copy numbers of HIV-1 genomic RNA and env and rev mRNA were used to calculate the relative amount of mRNA in the virion [(mRNA copy/ genomic RNA copy) × 100] and ... that the mutations in MA and SP1 restore infectivity by rescuing the defects in RT Indeed, NLΔSL1-913 and NLΔSL1-1907 are still defective in plus-strand DNA transfer (Ristic and Chin, unpublished...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 01:20

... damage such as CECs, EMPs and vWF, as well as markers of endothelial repair (EPCs) in peripheral blood of patients after successful CPR Materials and methods Patients and blood sampling protocol ... endothelial repair Nine CAD patients and five healthy subjects served as controls As elevation of CECs, microparticles and EPCs have been described to increase in various malignancies and in severe ... KHCO3 and tetrasodiumEDTA) and incubated for 10 minutes Following a further centrifugation at 1,000 rpm for five minutes at 4°C and discarding supernatant, the pellet was washed twice in PBS and...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 20:22

... strand break The resulting break is then repaired through the homologous recombination pathway which repairs a subset of double strand breaks and is discussed in detail below 1.2 Double Strand ... of DNA strands which is essential for cellular processes such as replication and transcription To resolve such lesions the interstand crosslink repair pathway produces nicks in the strands on either ... strands are recognize the patental DNA strand which presumably contains the correct DNA sequence Bulky, helical distorting lesions are recognized and repaired via the nucleotide excision repair...

Ngày tải lên: 24/08/2014, 09:33