protein gene and other molecule delivery systems

... Peptide /protein drug delivery 15 2.2.1 Structural aspect of protein 15 2.2.2 Challenges in peptide /protein drug delivery 17 2.2.3 Approaches for delivery of peptide /protein ... to initial and stimulate carcinogenesis (Feng and Chien, 2003) There are a few effective ways to treat cancer such as surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, hormone therapy and immunotherapy Each ... PLA and PLGA to form PLA-TPGS and PLGA-TPGS block copolymers These block copolymers are an example of amphiphiles Their uses as different carriers for delivery of protein and anticancer drug and...

Ngày tải lên: 26/11/2015, 22:41

... methodology for elucidating protein protein interactions and selecting specific binders to novel target proteins, and the first and second minireviews focus on the detection of protein protein interactions ... fragment that binds a target molecule from another protein To generate a small binding protein by grafting, we need to visualize the tertiary structures of donor and recipient proteins in detail In ... proteins, in which specific segments are replaced with functional sequences derived A E from other proteins, can give new binding abilities to scaffold proteins A new chimeric protein can be generated...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 11:20

... digestion of purified apoprotein with trypsin (T) and Asp-N endoproteinase (D), and of native protein with Glu-C endoproteinase (S) Amino acids identified by Edman degradation and MS tandem fragmentation ... automated Edman degradation and tandem MS of peptides generated by different digestions on apoprotein and native protein (Table 1) GHP contains 72 amino-acid residues, and the measured mass (Fig ... horse cytochrome c as internal calibrant Peptides from the tryptic and Glu-C endoproteinase digestion on apoprotein and native protein, respectively, were separated on a Pep-S II C2 ⁄ C18 column...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 08:20

... in ARIANE-78), and two "open" systems, called "expert corrector systems" The first is inserted at the junction between analysis and transfer, and the second between transfer and generation This ... costliest components of CAT systems Hence, we are working towards the reconciliation of "natural" and "coded" dictionaries, and towards the construction of automated verification and indexing tools Natural ... lead to "word senses" - Grafting on expert systems Seeing that linguistic expertise is already quite well represented and handled in current ("closed") systems, we are orienting our research towards...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 18:20

... b-strands A’ and G of the I27 protein showing the protein backbone only for simplicity C) Snapshot of the bstrands A’ and G of the I27 protein showing D2O molecules bridging the protein backbone ... experiments and in SMD simulations was attributed to an unfolding intermediate in the protein Disruption of the relevant hydrogen bonds in the A and B b-strands protein by site-directed mutagenesis ... of b-strands A’ and G for unfolding the I27 protein in D2O The pulling coordinate for the separating b-strands is defined as the distance between the first amino acid of strand A’ (Y9) and the...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 18:20

... lipid-binding proteins and their genes Annu Rev Nutr 17, 277–303 25 Wu, Q., Andolfatto, P & Haunerland, N.H (2001) Cloning and sequence of the gene encoding the muscle fatty acid binding protein from ... between zebrafish and human, mouse and pufferfish B-FABP is 83%, 76% and 83%, respectively The percentage amino acid identity between zebrafish and human and mouse is higher in the exons and than it ... testes and between 50 and 160 times higher in brain than in muscle, intestine and heart No product was generated by qRT-PCR from liver, ovary, skin and kidney RNA Both conventional RT-PCR and qRT-PCR...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 07:20

... zebrafish fabp3 gene Using 5¢ RLM-RACE, we determined the 5¢ end of the capped and complete zebrafish fabp3 gene transcripts A major band of approximately 200 bp, and two minor bands of 250 bp and 180 ... a-oxidation in muscle and lipogenesis in other tissues in fish and mammals FABP3 (H-FABP) may play a general and fundamental role in fatty acid transportation in tissues exhibiting anabolic and catabolic ... mouse fabp3 gene on mouse chromosome Four other genes syntenic to the fabp3 gene in zebrafish, however, reside on human chromosome at 6p21.3 and mouse chromosome In a Northern blot and hybridization...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 07:20

... the other phylogenetically close species Roe deer belong to Cervidae, the same family as red deer and The PRNP gene in wild ruminants from Italy and Scotland 119 Fig The phylogenetic tree of ... (Rupicapra rupicapra) and roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) A total of 323 red deer samples were collected from Scotland (n = 132; 82 from the mainland and 50 from the Isle of Rhum) and during the hunting ... Scotland, while the synonymous substitution at codon 21 revealed two allelic variants: gtc→gtt in the red deer from mainland Scotland and gtc→gtg in the Italian red deer G59S (ggc→agc) and the...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 23:22

... lanes Ki and rP/Ki/his) and U1snRNP-A (U1-A, lanes nRNP and Ku/nRNP), RPA70 co-migrates with Ku p70 (lanes Ku/nRNP and Ku), and RPA14 co-migrates with histone H4 (lanes rP/Ki/his, Histones, and BM6.5) ... structure consisting of several protein components in snRNPs [13] and DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) [14] On the basis of these observations in other autoantibody systems, we suspected that ... rheumatic diseases to other components involved in DNA replication Replication protein A (RPA), a heterotrimer with subunits of molecular masses 70, 32, and 14 kDa (RPA70, RPA32, and RPA14, respectively),...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 08:22

... Ad.BMP-2 and Ad.BMP-4 generated approximately 30 to 60 ng/mL of gene product per 24 hours at day post-infection (Figures 1a, b) The amount of each transgene Figure Transgene expression and biochemical ... chondrocytic and hypertrophic marker gene expression To examine further the effects of BMP-2 and BMP-4 gene delivery on hypertrophic differentiation, we analyzed the temporal expression profiles of genes ... X and OP at day 3, IHH and ALP at day and RUNX2 at day 14 compared with Ad.GFP controls (Figure 7) These results suggest that BMP-2 and BMP-4 gene transfer induced a significant chondrogenic and...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 14:22

... gains and losses of genes gradually accumulate in each of them Thus, the presence of genes unique to one species relative to another indicates either gene gains in one or gene losses in the other ... genes and edit annotations based on homology to aligned mRNA, expressed sequence tag and protein evidence by adding transcripts, exon coordinates, CDSs, gene names and descriptions, remarks and ... orthologs of human unitary pseudogenes as their proxies To perform the analyses, we combine all human genes and the 76 mouse genes into one gene list and retrieve their GO and Pfam annotations from...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 20:21

... protein sequences from maize, sorghum, rice, Arabidopsis, and moss (Physcomitrella Page of 22 Table Maize genes encoding SUN-domain proteins Gene Class Maize genea mRNA Locusb BACc cDNAd UniGenee ... SUN genes showed that the gene structures are conserved within each class The CCSD genes had two or three exons, and the SUN domain was split between the exons On the other hand, the PM3 genes ... SUNdomain proteins but also a unique family of SUNdomain protein genes not previously described Members of this second group of genes (ZmSUN3, ZmSUN4, and ZmSUN5) encode slightly larger proteins...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 11:21

... using the EF1a gene as a reference [6,37] to detect the expression of 15 AtPP2-A genes and 15 AtPP2-B genes [23] As shown in Figure 3a, transcript levels of the genes, except AtPP2-A1 and AtPP2A14, ... bioinformatics analyses and determined gene expression HS also investigated aphid nymphs XW, LY and RL generated and characterized transgenic plants BL, Page 18 of 19 JQ, WS and ZY participated in ... transgene and T-DNA insertion loci, respectively, before use in the experiments Plants were grown in 9-cm pots, plant/ pot for the EPG monitoring and plants/pot for other experiments, under 22°C and...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 11:21

... Type Gene ID F1 Figure PWM score and rank of Fabaceae SSP gene promoter motifs in 14 soybean SSP gene promoters PWM score and rank of Fabaceae SSP gene promoter motifs in 14 soybean SSP gene ... genes, which could be an attribute of a limited number of genes only, and not a general feature of Poaceae SSP gene promoters On the other hand, motifs containing the AAAG core of Dof transcription ... glycosylated seed storage proteins of Glycine max and Phaseolus vulgaris Structural homologies of genes and proteins J Biol Chem 1986, 261:9228-9238 Sims TL, Goldberg RB: The glycinin Gy1 gene from soybean...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 03:21

... coefficient and rotatable bonds for ordinary molecules, ligands and ligands with different protein- binding potentials Descriptor* PSA Small molecules† Average values Standard error Number of molecules Molecules ... bonds †Molecules, ACD-SC-derived ordinary molecules; Ligands, sc-PDB-derived ligands; Ligands (≤ 3), ligands covering ≤ folds; Ligands (4-9), ligands covering 4-9 folds; Ligands (≥ 10), ligands ... metabolism-relevant ligands Click here data file bio-ligands Ligands and theand2 of bio-ligands and binding ATP, ligands Additionalfor file 1ownerships of metabolism-relevantADP and block numbers of for proteins...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 08:20

... clades marked 'A' and 'B' which are, in general, poorly supported Numbers and letters at each node refer to genes and pseudogenes, respectively, as annotated in Figure 1a Pseudogenes O and P are not ... corresponds to S7 genes 4, 6, and The majority of gene loci from both B6 and S7 are supported by transcriptional evidence, invariably from liver-derived libraries Note that B6 gene and S7 gene differ ... predicted genes across B6 and S7 that not correspond to mass spectrometry peaks in either strain (or have corresponding proteins identified through our other S7 S7 B6 B6 gene9 gene1 0 pseudoQ gene1 7...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 08:21

... collected and washed three times with sterile water, freeze-dried and stored at 4°C Particle diameter analysis, rate of DNA and protein encapsulation, endotoxin levels, and kinetics of DNA and protein ... respectively, DNA encoding hsp65 and the recombinant hsp65 protein [20] Our aim was to achieve DNA priming and protein boosting after a single-dose vaccination Materials and methods Animals Outbred ... purposes) Genetic Vaccines and Therapy 2007, 5:2 of 0.6, the culture was induced with 0.1 M of IPTG (Gibco, BRL, Gaithersburg, MD, USA) and incubated at 30°C under agitation for h Protein purification...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 19:22

... involved, and the foreseeable promises and problems when compared with existing viral vector systems The development and use of viral vector systems for cancer gene therapy (A) Retroviral vector systems ... agent, no cell entry, no gene integration and no mutagenesis While viral vectors need access to viable target cells and their cellular machinery to achieve transgene delivery and expression, this ... reticulum and lymphoblastoid cells in lymphoid organs Follow up protein and genome sequence studies have confirmed that JDV has a genome of 7732 nt and structure and organisation similar to other...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 19:22

... thaumatin-like proteins and osmotin-like proteins Other PR families include proteinase inhibitors, endoproteinases, peroxidases, ribonuclease-like proteins, defensins, thionins, lipid transfer proteins, ... metabolites, toxic to bacteria and fungi; and synthesis of pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins such as β-1,3-glucanases, chitinases and thaumatinlike proteins (Bowles, 1990) PR proteins were first observed ... single-copy genes On the other hand, soybean class III chitinase genes and heveamine from H brasiliensis are encoded by a small multi -gene family (Bokma et al., 2001) 1.2.4 Regulation of Chitinase Genes...

Ngày tải lên: 13/11/2014, 09:25

... [15,16] 13 Gene delivery systems Viral gene delivery systems Viral gene delivery systems are based on recombinant viruses that are genetically modified to be replication-defective and unable ... Nucleic acids and oligonucleotides as potential pharmaceutical products 11 Gene delivery systems 14 Viral gene delivery systems .14 Non-viral gene delivery systems ... of using viral delivery systems for gene therapy of genetic or acquired human diseases has motivated the search for, and utilisation of, safer carrier molecules Non-viral delivery systems such...

Ngày tải lên: 23/08/2015, 17:29