prospects for the future of plant cell wall biotechnology

... these efforts Another characteristic feature of the long-term breeding of cereals, potatoes, or vegetables is the fact that during the long periods the shape and the outer appearance of the plants ... organisms; they are said to determine the "fitness" of a plant Elucidation of many of their biosynthetic pathways, characterization of the enzymes involved, and cloning of the genes have been performed ... degradation of the carbon skeleton of foreign products to CO2 and water is very rare in plants For plant biotechnology aiming at the generation of (crop) plants with a higher level of resistance...

Ngày tải lên: 08/04/2014, 12:49

... Written approval for the present experiments was obtained from the Ethical Committees for Animal Research of the Catholic University of Leuven, Belgium, and of the University of Berne, Switzerland ... in particular liver cell types or in the vascular lumen (the latter regards the extracellular SOD isoform) SOD can easily interfere with NO and O2- released by endothelial cells [29,36] It is ... (Fig 1) In the present study, eNOS protein was the solely detected NOS isoform in liver of normal rats and of PPVL and CCl4 cirrhotic rats (Fig 2) The eNOS is derived from endothelial cells in...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 13:20

... seen in the crystal structure However, the backbone amide and carbonyl of Cys140 form hydrogen bonds with the backbone carbonyl and amide of Trp123, the side chain of which forms one wall of the ... variants of MnSOD Values of the rate constant k0 ⁄ [E] for this inhibited region are obtained by fitting of expressions for the decay of superoxide to the observed progress curves [19,20] Because of the ... slowing of tumor growth in mice, as well as alteration of the transformed phenotype of cancer cells [11–17] Given these observations, the potential role of ‘improved’ MnSODs as therapeutic agents for...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 11:20

... has not been performed The aims of this study were to determine how the plant ER responds to the expression of heterologous secretory proteins We therefore studied the involvement of BiP and calreticulin ... shown are the average of four independent experiments Bars indicate standard deviation assembly of the IgG heterotetramer in a dose-dependent manner (Fig 5A) Therefore, the presence of the light ... lines of evidence have been put forward that demonstrate the association of the plant BiP homologue with folding and assembly of Ig light and heavy chains and we propose that the involvement of...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 08:20

... [9,13], the low levels of HIV detected in many of the samples only allowed the analysis of the predominant genotypes in genital secretions Despite this, and the inherent limitations of PCR amplification ... drafted the manuscript PK participated in the study design and conducted the statistical analyses RC participated in the design and coordination of the study and facilitated the collection of clinical ... the vaginal mucosa, are influenced by the virus' envelope sequence, which determines the molecules utilized for entry [7] The nucleotide sequence of the HIV envelope V3 region determines whether...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 01:20

... informed consent was obtained from the patient for the publication of this case report and any accompanying images A copy of the written consent is available for review by the Editor-in-Chief of ... increased flow of necrotic cyst wall cells after the minocycline instillation, suggesting that CA19-9 may originate from the hepatic cyst wall cells Inflammation, including infection and the minocycline ... necrosis of the hepatic cyst wall cells, and may consequently increase serum and cyst fluid CA19-9 levels This study revealed that the treatment of a simple hepatic cyst by instillation of minocycline...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 21:22

Ngày tải lên: 29/10/2012, 11:28

Ngày tải lên: 29/10/2012, 11:28

Ngày tải lên: 29/10/2012, 11:28

Ngày tải lên: 29/10/2012, 11:28

Ngày tải lên: 29/10/2012, 11:28

Ngày tải lên: 29/10/2012, 11:28

Ngày tải lên: 29/10/2012, 11:28

... NE2 of His31, bound to the metal, in the company of a water oxygen, from the apical positions The manga˚ nese was only 0.06 A out of the equatorial plane (Table 3) The angles around the metal cofactor ... 27% of the accessible surface area of each monomer These two dimers associated to form a tetramer in the asymmetric unit (Fig 1B) The tetramerization buried 13% of the accessible surface area of ... because the tertiary structure of ApeSOD has not been elucidated In the present study, for the first time, we describe the crystal structure of ApeSOD In particular, we focus on the coordination of the...

Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 22:20

... -.544 + j2.422 The eigenvectors of the poles are collinear with the control direction of the transmission zero of the plant and thus, the compensator cancels the zeros of the plant Loop singular ... Simulation of the Academic Example #1 The purpose of this example is to illustrate how the saturation can disturb the directionality of the controls and alter the compensator inversion of the plant The ... saturationand the EG Figure 4.5 shows the state trajectory of the compensator states for the simulation of the linear system Note that the states of the compensator not remain within the BA,C set so there...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 10:20

... indetermination of the reciprocal orientation of the two subunits The average total penalty for the REM ˚ family of the dimeric protein is of 1.42 ± 0.07 A2 for the distance constrains; while for the average ... favors the formation of the hydrogen bond network The optimal conformation of the side chain of Arg143 is ensured by the formation of H-bonds between its terminal guanidinium group and the backbone ... applied to each member of the family using the program AMBER 5.0 [46] The setup of the program and the parameters for the metal ions are as previously reported [21] The value of NOE and torsion angle...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 03:20

... the geometry of the protein and, possibly, also water shielding Oxidation of the heme to the met form (Fe3+) increases the probability of heme loss as the fifth coordination bond to the proximal ... could account for the numerous thermal processes as they dissociate into dimers and monomers In addition to dissociation into dimers, the complexity of the DSC curve is increased by the thermal inactivation ... degradation is dependent on the lifetime of ferrylHb and the susceptibility of the heme to superoxide-induced damage The close association of SOD with Hb can allow removal of the superoxide radicals...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 00:20

... the pCREB level decreased by 42% On the other hand, overexpression of CREB in the presence of BetA increased the CREB level 1.7-fold, but did not increase the pCREB level, whereas knockdown of ... ROS generation and the apoptosis rate, SOD2 overexpression in the presence of BetA minimized the effect, and siSOD2 mimicked the effect of BetA We next measured the effect of these treatments with ... concentrations of BetA were then added and incubated for 48 h At the end of the treatment, cells were incubated with serum-free medium containing [3H]methylthymidine (0.5 lCi per well) for h, and then...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 01:20