proof of correctness and computational complexity

... Sons, Inc., 1992 [3] L´szl´ Babai and Shlomo Moran Arthur-merlin games: a randomized proof a o system, and a hierarchy of complexity classes Journal of Computer and System Sciences, 36(2):254–276, ... interactive proofs? Information Processing Letters, 25:127–132, 1981 [7] Shafi Goldwasser, Silvio Micali, and Charles Rackoff The knowledge complexity of interactive proof systems SIAM Journal of Computing, ... G is d-distinguishable Proof We study the behavior of a random d-coloring of G, the probability distribution given by selecting the color of each vertex independently and uniformly in the set...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 06:22

... 5.3 Compound collections and construction of training and testing datasets 101 Results and discussion 104 5.3.1 Performance of SVM, kNN and PNN identification of Src inhibitors based ... targets and drug of the approved, clinical trial, and experimental drugs These database lead to a better understanding of the disease and benefit for drug discovery Src promotes tumour invasion and ... research on disease mechanisms and drug candidates However, some data may lack of organization and standard format from different resource Further process of validation and analysis are needed for...

Ngày tải lên: 10/09/2015, 09:04

... Computational Complexity Classes Computational complexity (see [2]) is the amount of computational resources required to solve a given computational problem A complexity class is a family of problems, ... Computational Complexity of Motion Planning and Simulation of Mechanical Devices Complexity of Motion Planning for Mechanical Devices with Articulated Joints The first known computational complexity ... Computability and Complexity of Ray Tracing in Discrete & Computational Geometry, 11: pp 265-287 (1994) [36] S.R Tate and J.H Reif, The Complexity of N-body Simulation, Proceedings of the 20th...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 23:20

... performed a proof- of- concept study by selecting a handful of biomarker genes to develop a practical assay with the aid of RD computational model Supporting Information Table S1 Sequences of primers ... downregulated the expression of most of genes and arsenic up-regulated many of the genes, especially in two pathways, oxidative _and_ metabolic_stress and DNA_damage _and_ repair, suggesting a molecular ... up-regulation of expression of ptgs1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 1), cyp1a1 and hsp90aa1 (heat shock protein 90, alpha, class A member 1, tandem duplicate 1), and down-regulation of b1p1 (Bcl-XL-like...

Ngày tải lên: 23/09/2015, 14:47

... worked as a Professor and Head of department in the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vidya Vikas Institute of Technology, Andhra Pradesh, India He has 14 years of teaching and research experience ... are larger than that of 400°CA and the eddy formed in right half of bowl is larger than that of left half of bowl At 400°CA, the shape of high temperature regions for baseline and adiabatic with ... Because of shortage of oxygen in the charge of cylinder in the EGR case, amount of burnt fuel and consequently accumulated heat release are less than the others Figure 10 shows the effect of insulation...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 16:11

... pocket site of CtCBM11 and, in particular, the identification of the atoms of the ligand that are closer to the protein when the complex is formed The ligands cellobiose, cellotetraose and cellohexaose ... about the binding pocket of CtCBM11 and identify which atoms of the ligand and of CtCBM11 interact preferentially Calculations were performed with cellobiose, cellotetraose and cellohexaose carbohydrates ... the ligands are equal among themselves, this change in orientation is of no great importance for the establishment of the binding interactions between the ligand and CtCBM11, and this kind of behaviour...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 17:20

... and then choosing D random neighbors for every vertex outside of T , and D −d random neighbors A similar observation holds if we assume the number of junk assets is chosen at random between and ... vertex vi of the M top vertices of G choose a number Di using a geometric random variable with expectation D, and then choose Di random neighbors, and (b) adding to G the edges of a random bipartite ... same number of derivatives and each derivative is related to the same number of assets Therefore in both the random graph and random graph with planted dense subgraph, the degrees of vertices...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 19:20

... reductive and oxidative half-reactions of the enzyme, resulting in a multitude of first- and second-order steps contributing to the observed kcat and Km values To assist in the deconvolution of possible ... re-analysed using global analysis The assignment of E1 and E2 to the FMN and of E3 and E4 to the FAD cofactor, respectively, corresponds to the analysis of Munro et al [19] FMN E1 pH 7.5 7.5 (+1 mM NADP+) ... (B) Figure S5 presents the ratio of kfast and kslow in H2O and D2O as a function of the pH value (D) The pH dependence of the SKIEs for the up phase (up-triangles) and down phase (down-triangles)...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 06:20

... moves into the ÔupÕ position and interacts with the substrate and Glu144 This rotation of Asp142 is accompanied by removal of a water molecule and adjustments of Tyr10 and Ser93 that seem to compensate ... kinetic parameters of Y10F could not be measured at pH 9.0 due to enzyme instability At pH 8.0 Y10F showed a kcat of 0.55 and Km of 47.2 (compared to a kcat of 3.5 and a Km of 24.9 in the wildtype ... formed, and covalent bonds being formed and broken) Thus, the calculated effect of rotation of Asp142 on the pKa of Glu144 only gives an indication of what may happen to the acidity of Glu144...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 14:20

... Petri nets, and turns out to offer interesting new complexity trade-offs, as we prove that k-boundedness and k-rankedness are E XP T IME-complete for MLIGs, and that the emptiness and membership ... set of finite sentences over Σ, and ε the empty string The length of a string w is noted |w|, and the number of occurrence of a symbol a in w is noted |w|a A language is formalized as a subset of ... set of vectors of positive integers of dimension n The i-th component of a vector x in Nn is x(i), denotes the null vector, the vector with values, and ei the vector with as its i-th component and...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 23:20

... (FC) of a set R of lexical ID rules under a set M of metarules To identify sources of complexity in G P S G theory, we consider the isolated complexity of the finitemetarule closure Ol>station and ... sources of complexity in GPSG theory The generalization to arbitrary sets allows a fine-grained study of one component of GPSG theory (the theory of syntactic features) with the tools of computational ... and Johnson(1979) is a standard reference work in the field of computational complexity All 10 automata and language recognition problems covered in the book (pp 265-271) are universal, i.e of...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 20:20

... discourse context contains objects A, B, and C (and no other objects), and these objects have the following classifications and attributes (of which both the speaker and the hearer are aware): A) B) ... (number of open-class words, number of words, number of characters, number of components) The overall preference function >> will be decomposed into separate preference rules that cover each type of ... expression if and only if 3.3 Computational Tractability Computational complexity considerations are used in this paper to determine exactly how the nounnecessary-elements, brevity, and lexicalpreference...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 20:20

... the N-terminus and the long loop between HRVII and HRVIII located in the extracytosolic space, and consequently the C-terminus in the cytosol The localization of the N-terminus and the long loop ... known to suffer frequently from artifacts induced by the truncation of the protein studied and the nature of the reporter gene used, and therefore these studies must always be interpreted with caution ... Henricson et al elegans ortholog of human PS, Sel-12 The other studies have mainly used human PS1, and to some extent human PS2 However, the topology of both human and worm PSs is considered to...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 13:20

... parts of speech of * This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation, and in part by the U.S Army Signal Corps, the Air Force Office of Scientific Research, and the Office of ... by the U.S Army Signal Corps, the Air Force Office of Scientific Research, and the Office of Naval Research, and in part by the National Bureau of Standards 1963 ANNUAL MEETING ... given to the question of grammaticality in chemical names and to problems of sememic analysis and classification of root and stem lexemes into tactic classes on the basis of cooccurrence with...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 13:20

... consists of a finite-state control and of a stack of stacks There are two types of moves: either an input is read and pushed onto a new stack on top of the stack of stacks, or a fixed number of stacks ... will not handle such cases either, and we will need an extension of the automaton This extension will be explained by way of an example, sentence (iv) N1, Na, V2 and Va are read in and placed ... (Step 5a) In the next move (5b), N2, V~ ° and I/"2 (i.e., V2 and its nominal and clausal complements) are unwrapped, and the combined V2** is placed on top of the new top stack (the one formerly...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 20:20

... instance of S ET C OVER, we set the parameters as in the proof of Lemma with the following modification: n (φ|e) = 2φ! if φ > 0 otherwise Lemma 11 0-C OUNT-3 is in #P Proof: Similar to the proof of ... (f , a|e) Proof: Similar to the proof of Lemma Theorem (j, i, m, l)-C OUNT-3 Complete 29 is #P- 3.5 (φ, e)-C OUNT-3 Lemma P ERMANENT ≤T (φ, e)-C OUNT-3 Let e = e1 en e and f = ˆ Proof: k ˆ ˆ ... OUNT-3 is in #P Proof: Similar to the proof of Lemma 3.8 E-D ECODING -3 Lemma 14 C OMPARE P ERMANENTS D ECODING -3 0-C OUNT-3 Lemma 10 P ERMANENT ≤T 0-C OUNT-3 ˆ Proof: Let e = e1 en and f = f1...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 20:20

... Pr = 0.72 and different combinations of sgn (M) and n The variation of f"(0) and 0'(0) with m for n - and sgn (M) - is shown in Figure 1.5 Also, some fluid velocity and temperature profiles are ... work and we would like to acknowledge their contributions First, we were impressed with the warm interest and meaningful suggestions of Professor T.-Y Na and Dr D A S Rees, the reviewers of this ... work Secondly, the formatting of this book and the preparation of the figures were performed by Dr Julie M Harris, and we are very appreciative of her patience and expertise Thirdly, we are indebted...

Ngày tải lên: 01/04/2014, 10:51

... part of hydrogen thermochemistry: Vll Vlll Heats of Hydrogenation Practical and historical aspects of experimental determination of the enthalpies of hydrogenation and formation \ydH29S and Af ... stabilization of aromatic compounds, conjugative stabilization of linear polyenes and polyynes, and steric effects in cisand trans- isomers Kistiakowsky's measurement of AhydH of benzene (Conant and Kistiakowsky, ... Fitting a pair of verticals to the extrapolated linear drifts before and after reaction for a series of 18 alternating injections of standard and sample leads to a series of ratios of verticals...

Ngày tải lên: 01/04/2014, 10:53

... system, a judgment and sense of compromise between required level of accuracy and degree of sophistication of the chosen mathematical model The next step in the definition of the levels of approximation ... use of codes and providing them with an awareness of possible inaccuracies, sources of errors, grid and modeling effects and, more generally, with some global Best Practice Guidelines Many of ... during inspiration and to determine the path of inhaled aerosols, typical of medical sprays, in function of the size of the particles It is of considerable importance for the medical and pharmaceutical...

Ngày tải lên: 01/04/2014, 10:56

... useful understanding of the goals, successes and shortcomings of computational learning theory Computational learning theory can be broadly and imprecisely de ned as the mathematical study of e cient ... consequences of our de nitions We expect these consequences to take the form of learning algorithms along with proofs of Introduction their correctness and performance, lower bounds and hardness ... science, and thus is comfortable with the analysis of algorithms and notions such as NP -completeness We refer the reader to Aho, Hopcroft and Ullman , Cormen, Leiserson and Rivest 30 , and Garey and...

Ngày tải lên: 12/05/2014, 02:14