probing into plant physiology

... are referred to as flowering plants (see Web Topic 1.2) Plant Cells Are Surrounded by Rigid Cell Walls A fundamental difference between plants and animals is that each plant cell is surrounded by ... organization of the Golgi apparatus in plant cells Plant Physiol Biochem 32: 731–749 Esau, K (1960) Anatomy of Seed Plants Wiley, New York Esau, K (1977) Anatomy of Seed Plants, 2nd ed Wiley, New York ... B E S., and Steer, M W (1996) Plant Cell Biology: Structure and Function of Plant Cells Jones and Bartlett, Boston Harwood, J L (1997) Plant lipid metabolism In Plant Biochemistry, P M Dey and...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 01:20

... branch A mixture of hydrogen and oxygen gases is converted into water The fly trapped in a bottle is doomed to perish, the pyramids to crumble into sand; things fall apart But there is nothing in the ... costly enzymes stored in the refrigerator tend to decay and why ice melts into water The increase in entropy as ice melts into water is “paid for” by the absorption of heat from the surroundings ... the second law mandates is that the fate of the pyramids is to crumble into sand, while the sand will never reassemble itself into a pyramid; the law does not tell how quickly this must come about...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 01:20

... functions of water in plant life WATER IN PLANT LIFE Water makes up most of the mass of plant cells, as we can readily appreciate if we look at microscopic sections of mature plant cells: Each cell ... m) of water is about 0.05 MPa Water and Plant Cells about how water moves across plant membranes Specifically it was unclear whether water movement into plant cells was limited to the diffusion ... Hsiao 1979.) FIGURE 3.12 Protein synthesis Well-watered plants Plants under mild water stress Plants in arid, desert climates –4 Water and Plant Cells lation of solutes, closing of stomata, and...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 01:20

... acquisition of water by plant roots Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol 52: 847–875 Steudle, E., and Frensch, J (1996) Water transport in plants: Role of the apoplast Plant and Soil 187: 67–79 ... hydraulic architecture into consideration Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol 121: 1191–1205 Zeiger, E., and Hepler, P K (1976) Production of guard cell protoplasts from onion and tobacco Plant Physiol 58: ... THE XYLEM In most plants, the xylem constitutes the longest part of the pathway of water transport In a plant m tall, more than 99.5% of the water transport pathway through the plant is within...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 01:20

... plants with special reference to copper Plant Physiol 14: 371–375 Asher, C J., and Edwards, D G (1983) Modern solution culture techniques In Inorganic Plant Nutrition (Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology, ... nitrate in the root zone Plant Cell Environ 16: 199–206 Bouma, D (1983) Diagnosis of mineral deficiencies using plant tests In Inorganic Plant Nutrition (Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology, New Series, ... (2000) Plant cellular and molecular responses to high salinity Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol 51: 463–499 Hepler, P K., and Wayne, R O (1985) Calcium and plant development Annu Rev Plant...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 01:20

... Molecular Biology of Plants Amer Soc Plant Physiologists, Rockville, MD Bush, D S (1995) Calcium regulation in plant cells and its role in signaling Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol 46: 95–122 ... and Environmental Plant Physiology Academic Press, San Diego, CA Palmgren, M G (2001) Plant plasma membrane H+-ATPases: Powerhouses for nutrient uptake Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol 52: ... of proteins in the plant plasma membrane Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol 45: 211–234 Tanner, W., and Caspari, T (1996) Membrane transport carriers Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol 47:...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 01:20

... Trends Plant Sci 5: 174–182 Chen, X., and Schnell, D J (1999) Protein import into chloroplasts Trends Cell Biol 9: 222–227 Chitnis, P R (2001) Photosystem I: Function and physiology Annu Rev Plant ... of plants to high light stress Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol 43: 599–626 Green, B R., and Durnford, D G (1996) The chlorophyll-carotenoid proteins of oxygenic photosynthesis Annu Rev Plant ... sp PCC6803 Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol 49: 151–171 Krause, G H., and Weis, E (1991) Chlorophyll fluorescence and photosynthesis: The basics Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol 42:...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 01:20

... the plant life cycle PLANT LIFE: UNIFYING PRINCIPLES The spectacular diversity of plant size and form is familiar to everyone Plants range in size from less than cm tall to greater than 100 m Plant ... are referred to as flowering plants (see Web Topic 1.2) Plant Cells Are Surrounded by Rigid Cell Walls A fundamental difference between plants and animals is that each plant cell is surrounded by ... organization of the Golgi apparatus in plant cells Plant Physiol Biochem 32: 731–749 Esau, K (1960) Anatomy of Seed Plants Wiley, New York Esau, K (1977) Anatomy of Seed Plants, 2nd ed Wiley, New York...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 07:20

... (2000) Plant thioredoxin systems revisited Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol 51: 371–400 Stitt, M (1990) Fructose-2,6-bisphosphate as a regulatory molecule in plants Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant ... cascade in CAM and C4 plants Biochem Biophys Res Commun 286: 1158–1162 Beck, E., and Ziegler, P (1989) Biosynthesis and degradation of starch in higher plants Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol 40: ... (Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology, New Series, vol 6) M Gibbs and E Latzko, eds Springer, Berlin, pp 202–207 Huber, S C (1986) Fructose-2,6-bisphosphate as a regulatory metabolite in plants Annu Rev Plant...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 20:20

... Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol 40: 503–538 Geiger, D R., and Servaites, J C (1994) Diurnal regulation of photosynthetic carbon metabolism in C3 plants Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol ... grown plants Plant Physiol 84: 658–664 Sharkey, T D (1996) Emission of low molecular mass hydrocarbons from plants Trends Plant Sci 1: 78–82 Sharkey, T D., and Singsaas, E L (1995) Why plants ... shade-adapted plants are C3 plants Many cacti and other succulent plants with CAM metabolism open their stomata at night and close them CO2 assimilation (µmol m–2 s–1) • In C3 plants, increasing...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 20:20

... The alternative respiration pathway in plants: Role and regulation Physiol Plant 95: 318–325 Wang, X (2001) Plant phospholipases Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol 52: 211–231 Whitehouse, ... biosynthesis Plant Cell 7: 957–970 Ohlrogge, J B., and Jaworski, J G (1997) Regulation of fatty acid synthesis Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol 48: 109–136 Oliver, D J., and McIntosh, C A ... carboxylase in plants Plant Physiol 108: 445–449 Schroeder, J I., Allen, G J., Hugouvieux, V., Kwak, J M., and Waner, D (2001) Guard cell signal transduction Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 20:20

... nitrogen assimilation into amino acids in higher plants Annu Rev Plant Physiology Plant Mol Biol 47: 569–593 Lazarowitz, S G., and Bisseling, T (1997) Plant development from the cellular perspective: ... genetic studies Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol 51: 141–165 Lobreaux, S., Massenet, O., and Briat, J -F (1992) Iron induces ferritin synthesis in maize plantlets Plant Mol Biol 19: 563–575 ... the reduction of sulfate into the two sulfurcontaining amino acids, cysteine and methionine Sulfate Is the Absorbed Form of Sulfur in Plants Most of the sulfur in higher -plant cells derives from...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 20:20

... directly through the plant surface by mechanical means Others produce cutinase, an enzyme that hydrolyzes cutin and thus facilitates entry into the plant SECONDARY METABOLITES Plants produce a large, ... of plant plant competition In the remainder of this chapter we will discuss the major types of plant secondary metabolites, their biosynthesis, and what is known about their functions in the plant, ... compounds in plants are derived from phenylalanine via the Secondary Metabolites and Plant Defense FIGURE 13.9 Plant phenolics are biosynthesized in several different ways In higher plants, most...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 20:20

... second messenger in higher plants: Status and future prospects Plant Physiol 91: 624–628 Bent, A F (1996) Plant disease resistance genes: Function meets structure Plant Cell 8: 1757–1771 Buchanan, ... superfamily Plant Sci 111: 81–93 Roberts, D M., and Harmon, A C (1992) Calcium-modulated protein targets of intracellular calcium signals in higher plants Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol ... detected in plant tissue extracts, the role of cAMP in plant signal transduction has been highly controversial (Assmann 1995) Nevertheless, various lines of evidence supporting a role of cAMP in plant...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 21:20

... understanding plant development Embryogenesis transforms a single-celled zygote into a multicellular, microscopic, embryonic plant A completed embryo has the basic body plan of the mature plant and ... meristems of seed plants are substantially different from those observed in more primitive vascular plants All seed plants have several stem cells instead of the single stem cell found in plants such ... watch it as it flows into the hook summit, then down into the straight region below the hook (see Figure 16.34) The mark is not crawling over the plant surface, of course; plant cells are cemented...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 21:20

... rate 386 0.08 Sun plants 0.06 Shade plants 0.04 0.02 0.0 0.2 0.4 Pfr/Ptotal 0.6 0.8 FIGURE 17.11 Role of phytochrome in shade perception in sun plants (solid line) versus shade plants (dashed line) ... reintroduced into a normal plant to test its phenotypic effects Usually plants overexpressing an introduced PHYA or PHYB gene have a dramatically altered phenotype Such transgenic plants are often ... R:FR ratio and shading An important function of phytochrome is that it enables plants to sense shading by other plants Plants that increase stem extension in response to shading are said to exhibit...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 21:20

... GPX =, SOD =, CAT = (Pinto et al., 2009) (Pinto et al., 2009) (Bah et al., 2011) (Bah et al., 2011) (Bah et al., 2011) 32 Advances in Selected Plant Physiology Aspects Plant Species Metal Concentration ... Review of Plant Physiology & Plant Molecular Biology, Vol.50, No.1, 601 Asada, K (2006) Production and scavenging of reactive oxygen species in chloroplasts and their functions Plant Physiology, ... of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology, Vol.52, 561-591 Moller, I M., Jensen, P E., & Hansson, A (2007) Oxidative modifications to cellular components in plants Annual Review of Plant...

Ngày tải lên: 14/03/2014, 10:20

... blue-light sensing in the organism THE PHOTOPHYSIOLOGY OF BLUE-LIGHT RESPONSES Blue-light signals are utilized by the plant in many responses, allowing the plant to sense the presence of light and ... Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol 52: 627–658 Schwartz, A., and Zeiger, E (1984) Metabolic energy for stomatal opening Roles of photophosphorylation and oxidative phosphorylation Planta 161: ... ubiquitous throughout the plant kingdom A major difference between them is that CRY2 is rapidly degraded in the light, whereas CRY1 is stable in light-grown seedlings Transgenic plants overexpressing...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 22:20

... 19 The first plant hormone we will consider is auxin Auxin deserves pride of place in any discussion of plant hormones because it was the first growth hormone to be discovered in plants, and much ... within the plant The Principal Auxin in Higher Plants Is Indole-3-Acetic Acid In the mid-1930s it was determined that auxin is indole-3acetic acid (IAA) Several other auxins in higher plants were ... tryptophan (e.g., [3H]tryptophan) into IAA by plant tissues has proved difficult to demonstrate Nevertheless, an enormous body of evidence has now accumulated showing that plants convert tryptophan to...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 22:20

... induction and tuber yield of potato plants Plant J 22: 247–256 Davies, P J (1995) The plant hormones: Their nature, occurrence, and functions In Plant Hormones: Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular ... was assumed that the light-grown plants would contain less GA1 than dark-grown plants However, light-grown plants turned out to contain more GA1 than dark-grown plants—indicating that de-etiolation ... gibberellin-deficient le dwarf peas are much shorter than those of normal plants (internodes of cm in mature dwarf plants versus 15 cm in mature normal plants), the mutation is “leaky” (i.e., the mutated gene...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 22:20