... increased quality of fruits and higher profitability of production (Table 7) In Tien Giang and Dong Thap farmers stated a reduction of input costs, increased quality of fruit and higher profitability ... identification of major pests and diseases (Table 4) Before they apply pesticide they monitor for presence of pests and diseases or the right stage of citrus development (bud burst for preventative ... Training of trees (=reshaping) and reducing density of canopy Change in timing of fertiliser application Increase in use of manure Reduced number of pesticide sprays due to monitoring of pests and...
Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 05:20
... Rasmussen • Principles of Physics For Scientists and Engineers 123 Hafez A Radi October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA) 6th of October City Egypt John O Rasmussen University of California ... relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication, neither ... supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted...
Ngày tải lên: 05/10/2016, 11:18
Hafez a radi, john o rasmussen auth principles of physics for scientists and engineers 02
... dimensions of force and show that it has units of kg·m/s2 in terms of SI units (23) Newton’s law of universal gravitation is given by F = Gm1 m2 /r , where F is the force of attraction of one mass, ... two atoms of hydrogen (11H), each of which has a mass of u, and one atom of oxygen (168 O), that has a mass 16 u, approximately (a) What is the mass of one molecule of water in units of kilograms? ... magnitude of B is the product of the magnitude of A and the absolute value of a The Scalar Product (or the Dot Product) → → → → The scalar product of the two vectors A and B is denoted by A • B and...
Ngày tải lên: 05/10/2016, 11:19
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... measured in seconds (a) Find the values of x for t = 1, 2, 3, 4, and s (b) Find the values of the velocity v for t = 1, 2, 3, 4, and s (c) For each value of t indicate whether the particle is moving ... motion of an object (for example a car) This object can be viewed 3.3 Instantaneous Velocity and Speed 45 as a particle for simplicity The motion of that particle between two points P and Q on ... α, β, and γ with the x, y, and z axes of a perpendicular right-handed coordinate system as in Fig 2.20 Show that the relation between what is known as the direction cosines cos α, cos β, and cos...
Ngày tải lên: 05/10/2016, 11:19
Hafez a radi, john o rasmussen auth principles of physics for scientists and engineers 04
... initial speed of 20 m/s in order to score just before the board reaches the ground See Fig 3.28 and take g = 10 m/s2 (a) Find the time of flight T of the dartboard (b) Find the height of the window ... notation of Chap 2, r can be written in two-dimensional form as: → → → r = xi + yj → → (4.1) → where x i and y j are the vector components of r along the x and y axes respectively, and the coefficients ... vector r as a function of time, and find its magnitude and direction at t = s (b) Find the particle’s velocity vector v→as a function of time, and find its magnitude → and direction at t = s...
Ngày tải lên: 05/10/2016, 11:19
Hafez a radi, john o rasmussen auth principles of physics for scientists and engineers 05
... block and the hand of parts (a), (c), and Force on the hand by the rope T T (d) with a force of magnitude T According to Newton’s third (a) law, the block and the hand both exert a force on the ... Acceleration and Newton’s Laws 105 Newton’s Third Law of Motion Forces come in pairs For example, if you lean against a wall with a certain force, the wall reacts and pushes back on you with a force of ... a general force vector In addition, we shall use the symbol F for the vector sum of several forces, which we call the resultant force or the net force 5.1 The Cause of Acceleration and Newton’s...
Ngày tải lên: 05/10/2016, 11:19
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... Therefore, the value of the time τ is given by: τ= 1.5 × 10−3 kg m = = 2.5 × 10−3 s = 2.5 ms b 0.6 kg/s 124 Force and Motion We set v = 0.9 vt in the resulting formula of part (a), and we perform ... from rest at the top of the plane, where the distance from the bottom is d = 10 m (a) Find the magnitude of the acceleration 118 Force and Motion of the block and the normal force exerted on the ... coefficient of kinetic friction between the surfaces at the top and bottom of the block m2 is 0.5 130 Force and Motion (21) A block of mass m1 = kg lies on a frictionless inclined plane of angle...
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... upward force on the ball and thus dissipates all the mechanical energy of the ball, transforming it to thermal energy of the sand and ball (c) When the ball reaches the surface of the sand, its ... type of force always acts toward the equilibrium and is called a restoring force Fig 6.8 The variation of the Equilibrium position F=0 x=0 force of a spring on a block (a) When x = 0, the force ... by: the force F, the kinetic friction → → f k , the force of gravity m → g , and the normal force N (b) Calculate the work done of part (a) for m = kg, μk = 0.5, θ = 30◦ , F = 20 N, and d = m...
Ngày tải lên: 05/10/2016, 11:19
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... an incline of angle θ = 30◦ under the action of the three → forces shown in Fig 6.23 Force F1 has a magnitude of 30 N and is parallel to → the plane Force F2 has a magnitude of 20 N and is normal ... Linear Momentum, Collisions, and Center of Mass In this chapter, we introduce the linear momentum of a particle and the law of conservation of linear momentum of a system of particles under certain ... Fig 6.41 The drag force fD consists of rolling friction α (N) and air drag β v (N), i.e fD = α + β v , where α and β are constants and v is the speed of the car (a) Find the force F that propels...
Ngày tải lên: 05/10/2016, 11:19
Hafez a radi, john o rasmussen auth principles of physics for scientists and engineers 09
... in terms of information before collision When objects are very hard, so that no heat or other forms of energy are produced during collisions, the kinetic energy is conserved before and after ... Collisions, and Center of Mass Figure 7.13 depicts a system of two masses m1 and m2 located on the x-axis at positions x1 and x2 , respectively The center of mass of this system of particles ... path of the center of mass CM of the bat Translational motion of the CM Fig 7.16 When a bat is thrown into the air, the center of mass of the bat follows a parabolic path, but all other points of...
Ngày tải lên: 05/10/2016, 11:19
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... of mass of the molecule? Fig 7.42 See Exercise (44) y d C O x CM (45) For the system of particles shown in Fig 7.43 and when d = m, find the location of the x and y components of the center of ... internal constant force of magnitude 0.12 N (a) What is the speed of their center of mass before and after the start of the attractive force? (b) What distance does m1 move before colliding with ... the center of mass of a uniform cone of radius R and height h, see Fig 7.47 (Hint: Divide the cone into an infinite number of disks, each of thickness dx.) (51) A pyramid has a height H and square...
Ngày tải lên: 05/10/2016, 11:20
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... sphere, β = 0.5 for the disk, and β = for the thin hoop Therefore, using KRoll = 21 ICM ω2 = M g h and vCM = Rω, the speed of the center of mass of any one of these objects at the bottom of the incline ... and its angular acceleration (34) A disk of mass M and radius R is attached to one end of a uniform rod of mass m and length L, as shown in Fig 8.37 The other end of the rod is pivoted at P and ... acceleration of each hand Ho urs Fig 8.31 See Exercise (18) ds Minutes Se c o n (19) In exercise 18, assume that the radii of the second hand, minute hand, and hour hand are 20, 15, and 10 cm,...
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... period of the platform is thus: Tp = 2π 2π = 15.7 s per revolution = ωp 0.4 rad/s Example 9.7 A man of mass m = 60 kg stands at the edge of a rotating circular platform of mass M = 220 kg and radius ... = mrω2 and we have: mRf ωf2 Tf = = Ti mRi ωi2 ωf ωi Rf Ri = ( 13 )(9)2 = 27 Example 9.6 A man of mass m = 60 kg stands at the edge of a stationary circular platform of mass M = 400 kg and radius ... constant and given by: L = rmv sin 90◦ = mvr ⇒ L = Iω (9.4) where I = mr is the moment of inertia of the particle Application of the right-hand → rule shows that the direction of L is also constant and...
Ngày tải lên: 05/10/2016, 11:20
Hafez a radi, john o rasmussen auth principles of physics for scientists and engineers 13
... radially and slowly to the edge of the platform and stops (a) What is the final angular speed of the system? (b) Find the initial and final total rotational energy of the system (33) A uniform disk of ... center of a thin axle of 20 cm length The disk spins at ω = 50 rev/s when one end of the axle rests on a stand and the other end precesses horizontally What is the angular speed of precession of ... average density of both the Earth and the Sun, given that the mass and radius of the Earth are mE = 5.98 × 1024 kg and RE = 6.37 × 106 m, respectively, and the mass and radius of the Sun are mS...
Ngày tải lên: 05/10/2016, 11:20
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... cube of this fluid is in equilibrium under the action of the forces on it One → of the forces is its own weight Wf Apparently, the rest of the fluid in the container is buoying up the cube and ... 10.8 For the car lift shown in the Fig 10.13, the pistons on the left and right have areas 25 cm2 and 750 cm2 respectively The car and the right piston have a total weight of 15,000 N What force ... P of the gas in the tank On the other hand, the pressure PA at point A is equal to the pressure PB at point B, which equals Pa + ρgh, where ρ is the density of the liquid and h is the height of...
Ngày tải lên: 05/10/2016, 11:20
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... Density and Relative Density (1) A solid cube of mass of 0.04 kg has a side of length cm What is the density and the specific gravity of the cube? (2) A solid sphere has a radius of cm and a mass of ... unit of β is (deg−1 ) For example, a β value of 11.2 Thermal Expansion of Solids and Liquids 363 24 × 10−3 (C◦ )−1 means that the volume V of a solid or liquid changes by 24 parts in 103 for every ... molecular formula Thus, the molar mass M of nitrogen gas (N2 ) is 28 kg/kmol and it consists of NA molecules; this is because the mass of one nitrogen atom is 14 u Now, for an ideal gas of mass...
Ngày tải lên: 05/10/2016, 11:20
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... T −| Δ T | T (16) Two rods of the same diameter, one made of brass of length L1 = 25 cm, and the other rod made of steel of length L2 = 50 cm, are placed end-to-end and pinned to two rigid supports, ... energy of random translational, rotational, and vibrational motion of molecules, potential energy of molecules and between molecules Heat is defined as the transfer of energy from one system to another ... ratios of 80 and 20%, respectively Using the ideal gas law, find the mass of air in a volume of L at atmospheric pressure and temperature of 27 ◦ C (31) The initial volume, pressure, and temperature...
Ngày tải lên: 05/10/2016, 11:20
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... (e) of Fig 12.8 For this clockwise cyclic path, the net work done by the system (and Q) equals the area enclosed by the path 12.4 Applications of the First Law of Thermodynamics The first law of ... expansion of a mixture of gasoline vapor and air that takes place during operation of a combustion engine, leading to a temperature increase/decrease 398 12 Heat and the First Law of Thermodynamics ... temperature of ◦ C, the heat fusion of ice is LF = 3.33 × 105 J/kg, the density of ice is ρi = 920 kg/m3 , and the density of liquid water is ρw = 1,000 kg/m3 (a) Find the work W done by kg of ice...
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... Isotherm Pb b c Va Vb V (27) An ideal gas of one kmol does 4,000 J of work as it expands isothermally to a volume of 12 × 10−3 m3 that has a final pressure of atm (a) What is the temperature of ... initial temperature of 27 ◦ C and an initial volume of m3 An isobaric expansion of the gas to a new volume of m3 is achieved by adding 9,500 J of heat at a constant pressure of 3,000 Pa (a) Determine ... generalization of that is known as the theory of equipartition of energy Theory of equipartition of energy: The energy of a system experiencing thermal equilibrium is equally divided among all degrees of...
Ngày tải lên: 05/10/2016, 11:21
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... Gases and Phases of Matter The isothermal PV-diagram presented in Sect 12.4 and Sect 13.2 can help us grasp the overall behavior of a gas described by the gas law PV = nRT The PV-isotherm for ... of oxygen gas is at STP [A standard temperature and pressure implies a temperature of ◦ C (273.15 K) and an atmospheric pressure of atm] (a) What is the average translational kinetic energy of ... of 100 ◦ C, a mixture of the monatomic helium and argon gases is in thermal equilibrium (a) What is the average kinetic energy for each type of atom? (b) What is the rms speed for each type of...
Ngày tải lên: 05/10/2016, 11:21