principles of marketing by philip kotler 13th edition chapter 4 ppt

... all sorts, of course, the professional idlers and the drunkard were there, but the others there was no lack of them. There was no lack of men, white-faced, dull-eyed, dejected, some of them actually ... openly threatened by their discharged employees, and cajoled by others higher in authority and by public opinion, still pronounced themselves helpless to move without the aid of legislation. ... Protection was openly spoken of from a political platform. Henslow, a shrewd man and a politician of some years' standing, was one of the first to read the signs of the times, and rightly...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 02:20

... 5.5 26.6 64. 9 Adult weight 2.9 7.5 21.0 68.5 EIPC 04 10/ 24/ 05 1 :49 PM Page 129 116 CHAPTER 4 4.8.5 The number and fitness of offspring A second key trade-off is that between the number of offspring and ... graphs (b) 1 p 1 2 p 2 3 p 3 4 p 4 g 1 g 2 m 3 g 3 m 4 p 1 00 m 4 g 1 p 2 m 3 0 0 g 2 p 3 0 00 g 3 p 4 (a) 1 p 1 2 p 2 3 p 3 4 p 4 g 1 m 2 g 2 g 3 p 1 m 2 m 3 m 4 g 1 p 2 00 0 g 2 p 3 0 00 g 3 p 4 m 3 m 4 Table 4. 5 A ... 1990.) EIPC 04 10/ 24/ 05 1 :49 PM Page 116 •• 90 CHAPTER 4 •• (a) (b) (c) EIPC 04 10/ 24/ 05 1 :49 PM Page 90 LIFE, DEATH AND LIFE HISTORIES 107 N T = N 0 R 0 . (4. 9) But we can see from Equation 4. 8 that: N T =...

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Ngày tải lên: 30/09/2013, 21:49

... 2001 346 , 349 , 48 4, 513, 545 Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 19 94 469, 47 0, 48 1, 48 2, 48 3 48 4, 5 14, 518, 525 Crown and Parliament Recognition Act 1689 66, 317 Crown Proceedings Act 1 947 297–298, ... 66, 2 14 Special Immigration Commission Act 1997 41 5, 45 3 Statutory Instruments Act 1 946 70, 141 , 281 Succession to the Crown Act 1707 244 Supreme Court Act 1981 84 s.31 40 4, 40 7, 40 8, 40 9, 41 0 Telecommunications ... [1999] 3 All ER 40 0 39, 100, 369, 3 84, 42 4, 42 5, 42 6, 43 3, 43 7, 45 8, 45 9, 46 3 R. v. Secretary of State for the Home Department ex parte Swati [1986] 1 All ER 717 41 0 R. v. Secretary of State for...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 05:20

... and Contents of a Marketing Plan The marketing plan created for each product line or brand is one of the most important outputs of planning for the marketing process. A typical marketing plan ... being a matter of routine. The ultimate outcome of relationship marketing is the building of a unique com- pany asset called a marketing network. A marketing network consists of the company and its ... creativity and passion can be used by today’s and tomor- row’s marketing managers. The Scope of Marketing Marketing people are involved in marketing 10 types of entities: goods, services, expe- riences,...

Ngày tải lên: 06/05/2014, 21:56

... data base software field. (What file:///F|/Business /Marketing/ 22 Immutable Laws Of Marketing. html (42 of 77 )4/ 20/2006 1 :41 :49 AM file:///F|/Business /Marketing/ 22 Immutable Laws Of Marketing. html dealer ... extend the equity of a brand. 22_12 file:///F|/Business /Marketing/ 22 Immutable Laws Of Marketing. html (41 of 77 )4/ 20/2006 1 :41 :49 AM file:///F|/Business /Marketing/ 22 Immutable Laws Of Marketing. html ... file:///F|/Business /Marketing/ 22 Immutable Laws Of Marketing. html (11 of 77 )4/ 20/2006 1 :41 :49 AM Contents Introduction 1. The Law of Leadership 2. The Law of the Category 3. The Law of the Mind 4. The Law of...

Ngày tải lên: 28/06/2014, 12:20

... I Value Year 1 2 345 678910 Asset value 10.00 12.00 14. 40 17.28 20. 74 23 .43 26 .47 28.05 29.73 31.51 Earnings 1.20 1 .44 1.73 2.07 2 .49 2.81 3.18 3.36 3.57 3.78 Investment 2.00 2 .40 2.88 3 .46 2.69 3. 04 1.59 ... 10 .47 11.87 7. 74 8 .40 9.95 12.67 15.38 Depreciation 2 .40 3.10 3.12 3.17 3.26 3 .44 3.68 Pretax profits 8.08 8.77 4. 62 5.23 6.69 9.23 11.69 Tax 2.83 3.07 1.62 1.83 2. 34 3.23 4. 09 Aftertax profits ... shares outstanding, wholly owned by George Reeby. 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Cash flow 5. 84 6 .40 7 .41 8. 74 9.39 Depreciation 1 .45 1.60 1.75 1.97 2.22 Pretax profits 4. 38 4. 80 5.66 6.77 7.17 Tax 1.53...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 08:20

... by Recovery-Period Class Year(s) 3-Year 5-Year 7-Year 10-Year 15-Year 20-Year 1 33.33 20.00 14. 29 10.00 5.00 3.75 2 44 .45 32.00 24. 49 18.00 9.50 7.22 3 14. 81 19.20 17 .49 14. 40 8.55 6.68 4 7 .41 ... 11.52 12 .49 11.52 7.70 6.18 5 11.52 8.93 9.22 6.93 5.71 6 5.76 8.93 7.37 6.23 5.28 7 8.93 6.55 5.90 4. 89 8 4. 45 6.55 5.90 4. 52 9 6.55 5.90 4. 46 10 6.55 5.90 4. 46 11 3.29 5.90 4. 46 12 5.90 4. 46 13 ... 4. 46 13 5.90 4. 46 14 5.90 4. 46 15 5.90 4. 46 16 2.99 4. 46 17–20 4. 46 21 2.25 TABLE 6 .4 Tax depreciation allowed under the modified accelerated cost recovery system (MACRS) (figures in percent of depreciable...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 08:20

... Prices: A Theory of Market Equilibrium under Conditions of Risk,” Jour- nal of Finance 19 (September 19 64) , pp. 42 5 44 2 and J. Lintner, “The Valuation of Risk Assets and the Se- lection of Risky Investments ... .51 .00 7. 54% 6 .43 % Banks 1.13 .13 .35 8.08 5.55 Chemicals 1.13 Ϫ.03 .17 6.58 5.57 Computers .90 .17 Ϫ .49 2 .49 5.29 Construction 1.21 .21 Ϫ.09 6 .42 6.52 Food .88 Ϫ.07 Ϫ.03 4. 09 4. 44 Petroleum ... 4. 44 Petroleum & gas .96 Ϫ.35 .21 4. 93 4. 32 Pharmaceuticals . 84 Ϫ.25 Ϫ.63 .09 4. 71 Tobacco .86 Ϫ. 04 . 24 5.56 4. 08 Utilities .79 Ϫ.20 .38 5 .41 3.39 TABLE 8.5 Estimates of industry risk premiums using...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 08:20

... E L 2 .01 1Profits Ϫ interest2.01E L .01D L Both strategies offer the same payoff: 1 percent of the firm’s profits. In well- functioning markets two investments that offer the same payoff must have ... of assets Ϫ beta of debt b ␤ E ␤ A ϭ a D D ϩ E ϫ ␤ D bϩ a E D ϩ E ϫ ␤ E b Beta of assets ϭ a proportion of debt ϫ beta of debt bϩ a proportion of equity ϫ beta of equity b CHAPTER 17 Does Debt ... cost of capital debt Rates of return firm value D V = FIGURE 17 .4 If the expected rate of return demanded by stockholders is unaffected by financial leverage, then the weighted- average cost of...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 08:20

... the cost of the cash offer? c. What is the cost of the stock alternative? d. What is the NPV of the acquisition under the cash offer? e. What is its NPV under the stock offer? 4. Which of the following ... out. In the end, Cities was bought by Occidental Petroleum. Occidental made a ten- der offer of $55 per share in cash for 45 percent of Cities, followed by a package of fixed income securities for ... Price per share $40 $20 $40 3. Price–earnings ratio 20 10 15 4. Number of shares 100,000 100,000 150,000 5. Total earnings $200,000 $200,000 $40 0,000 6. Total market value $4, 000,000 $2,000,000...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 08:20