principles of computer design

... Principles of Computer Design 29 Quantitative Principles of Computer Design Now that we have seen how to define, measure, and summarize performance, we can explore some of the guidelines and principles ... than one-tenth of the supercomputer! Second, this dramatic rate of improvement has led to the dominance of microprocessor-based computers across the entire range of the computer design Workstations ... version of the program, version of compiler, optimizing level of compiled code, version of operating system, amount of main memory, number and types of disks, version of the CPU—all of which...

Ngày tải lên: 22/12/2013, 10:16

... the performance of computers A number of popular measures have been adopted in the quest for a easily understood, universal measure of computer 26 Chapter Fundamentals of Computer Design performance, ... the dominance of microprocessor-based computers across the entire range of the computer design Workstations and PCs have emerged as major products in the computer industry Minicomputers, which ... aspects of DSPs, however, are outside of the scope of this book Figure 1.3 summarizes these three classes of computing environments and their important characteristics The Task of a Computer Designer...

Ngày tải lên: 25/01/2014, 05:20

... Principles Graphic Design • Basic graphic design principles can be summarized in one word: • CRAP: – – – – Contrast Repetition ... Repetition allows a visitor to learn the page (or section) layout only once • Another form of repetition: Web design patterns Alignment • Our minds like to imagine straight line grids when look at ... achieved with – – – – Text (font) properties: Use these the same way throughout Color: Consistent use of color throughout the site/document Background: Background images/colors Page and section layout:...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 15:20

... named block of bits is a word The definition and size of a word are not absolute, but vary from computer to computer A word is the size of the most convenient block of data for the computer to ... controller of the computer, as well as the place where all calculations are performed And, of course, it’s the part of the computer that everyone talks and writes about—a 3.60-GHz Pentium computer, ... example, different computers, even with identical CPUs, often have different amounts of memory The amount of physical memory installed on a computer may be less than the maximum number of locations...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 02:20

... the performance of computers A number of popular measures have been adopted in the quest for a easily understood, universal measure of computer 26 Chapter Fundamentals of Computer Design performance, ... the dominance of microprocessor-based computers across the entire range of the computer design Workstations and PCs have emerged as major products in the computer industry Minicomputers, which ... aspects of DSPs, however, are outside of the scope of this book Figure 1.3 summarizes these three classes of computing environments and their important characteristics The Task of a Computer Designer...

Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 04:20

... Principles of Computer Graphics T e o / y and Practice Using OpenGL and /Maya@ Principles of Computer Graphics Theow and Practice Using OpenGL ... help of industry leading 3D software Maya Academy-Award winning Maya 3D animation and effects software has been inspired by the film and video artists, computer game developers, and design professionals ... the screen A computer screen contains thousands of little dots of light called pixels To display a picture, the computer must be able to control the color of each pixel Second, the computer needs...

Ngày tải lên: 03/04/2014, 12:22

... PRINCIPLES OF STRUCTURAL DESIGN PRINCIPLES OF STRUCTURAL DESIGN Edited by Wai-Fah Chen Eric M Lui This material was previously published in the Handbook of Structural Engineering, ... from toe of flange to centerline of web, h0 is the distance between centerline lines of flanges, h00 is the distance from centerline of flange to tip of stem, l1, l2 are the length of the legs of the ... thickness of the legs of the angle, bf is the flange width, tf is the average thickness of flange, tw is the thickness of web, Ic is the moment of inertia of compression flange taken about the axis of...

Ngày tải lên: 28/05/2014, 20:09

... OUTLINE OF Principles of COMPUTER SCIENCE This page intentionally left blank SCHAUM’S OUTLINE OF Principles of COMPUTER SCIENCE CARL REYNOLDS Department of Computer Science Rochester Institute of ... to computer science than simply writing programs Like any professional, a computer scientist must have an understanding of all of the subdisciplines of the field Some of the major disciplines of ... handling of data is appropriate CPU/ALU The CPU is the part of the computer one thinks of first when describing the components of a computer The repetitive cycle of the von Neumann computer is...

Ngày tải lên: 27/06/2014, 12:20

Ngày tải lên: 28/06/2014, 18:20

... OUTLINE OF Principles of COMPUTER SCIENCE This page intentionally left blank SCHAUM’S OUTLINE OF Principles of COMPUTER SCIENCE CARL REYNOLDS Department of Computer Science Rochester Institute of ... to computer science than simply writing programs Like any professional, a computer scientist must have an understanding of all of the subdisciplines of the field Some of the major disciplines of ... definitions of computer science emphasize the study of algorithms Algorithms, in one form or another, are central to computer science Computer science combines the theoretical concepts of algorithm design...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 21:22

... algorithm whose order of growth is within some constant factor of T(n) has a theta of NL say “The sequential search has a theta of n.” The size of the problem is n, the length of the list being searched ... comprised of two sets of numbers; the first “set” consists of the first number in the original list, and the second set consists of all the rest of the numbers The first set is the set of “sorted” ... but in computer science, because of the ubiquity of binary math, this is usually written as lg n, meaning logarithm to the base of n The total running time T of the merge sort consists of the...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 21:22

... instruction is a pattern of ones and zeros stored in a word of computer memory By the way, a “word” of memory is the basic unit of storage for a computer A 16-bit computer has a word size of 16 bits, or ... discussed the concept of the computer word, and the implications of computer word sizes of different numbers of bits Data are encoded in different ways, depending on the type of data We described ... represents the number of bits the computer usually processes at one time The idea of word size has become less crystalline, however, because newer computer designs operate on units of data of different...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 21:22

... others belong to the instances of a class For instance, we would maintain the speed of each Automobile as part of the state of each individual car (part of the state of each instance) On the other ... regularity Regularity means consistency of behavior, consistency of appearance, and avoidance of special cases In C, an example of an irregularity is the use of the == Boolean operator Any two values ... ultimate efficiency Tradeoffs make language design a challenging occupation, and different tradeoffs make different languages more suitable for different types of tasks CHAP 4] SOFTWARE 61 LANGUAGE...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 21:22

... operating system of a computer is a program, often called the “kernel,” which is always running on the computer, and which governs the execution of all the other programs that run on the computer The ... Comparable, instances of Automobile can also be treated as instances of Comparable Just as good design of a class hierarchy can reduce programming and improve reliability, good interface design can also ... bits in a computer “word” (most computers today regard 32 bits as a “word”) some number of positions left or right, or to compare the values of two words, or to complement the bit values of a word...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 21:22

... easier A computer network is a group of computers that use common protocols to exchange information and share resources The computers in a network communicate in a variety of ways Some of the computers ... a logical page number Since the number of frames of physical memory is likely to be much smaller than the number of pages of logical memory in a 64-bit computer (with 4K pages, 252 = way too ... Operating systems are programs designed to make the use of the computer hardware easier, more efficient, and more secure They manage the scheduling of processes, the allocation of memory and other resources...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 21:22

... relation consists of rows, each of which represents an instance of the entity type, and of columns, each of which represents one of the attributes of the entity type Each row of a relation is ... row more often than tuple, but a tuple is a row of a table, an instance of a relation, an instance of an entity type Each tuple consists of the values of the attributes for that instance of the ... is speed of access Assuming proper database design, access to individual pieces of information can be essentially instantaneous, regardless of the number of data records or the size of the database...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 21:22

... members of the organization to learn the principles and limitations of computer systems As we consider different social issues related to computing, we will discuss them in light of the ACM Code of ... Georgia Writers of software can protect their work by keeping the code secret In the early days of computing, customers often received source code to the software they ran However, as software has ... secret, of course.) Since 1981, software has been patentable if the software is part of an invention of a new machine or process A key to making the distinction has been whether the software...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 21:22

... and to their peace of mind, regardless of the quality of their locks Software professionals should never condone the spreading of viruses, Trojan horses, or worms The ACM Code of Ethics provides ... applications of computing seem to you to be unethical? What are some principles you can declare with respect to the ethical and unethical use of computers and software? Unethical uses of computers ... products of professional work 2.2 Acquire and maintain professional competence 2.5 Give comprehensive and thorough evaluations of computer systems and their impacts, including analysis of possible...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 21:22

... development of timesharing computers, and has remained an important part of scheduling for interactive computer systems? The round robin scheduler was the basis of the first timesharing computers ... system software, because of the generality of a browser’s application A browser supports a multitude of user intentions, and it includes features that facilitate web-based applications of many ... existing laws pertaining to professional work: The US Can-Spam Act of 2004 prohibits the practice of spamming The name of the act stands for Controlling the Assault of Non-Solicited Pornography...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 21:22

... history of computer architecture, and progresses through the basic parts of a computer, leaving the student with a high level view of a computer system The conventional von Neumann model of a digital ... fruition Some of the features that received the greatest attention in Principles of Computer Architecture include the choice of the instruction set architecture (ISA), the use of case studies, ... workings of the modern digital computer at a level that demystifies what goes on inside the machine The only prerequisite to Principles of Computer Architecture is a working knowledge of a high-level...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 20:21