principles of breast cancer treatment

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Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 01:21

... invasive breast cancer by age, history of lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS), history of atypical hyperplasia, 5-year predicted breast cancer risk, and number of first-degree relatives with breast cancer Patient ... risk for breast cancer because they 1) were 60 years of age or older, 2) were 35–59 years of age with a 5-year predicted risk for breast cancer of at least 1.66%, or 3) had a history of lobular carcinoma ... using combinations of risk factors, was used to esti- mate the probability (risk) of occurrence of breast cancer over time. Results: Tamoxifen reduced the risk of invasive breast cancer by 49% (two-sided...

Ngày tải lên: 15/02/2014, 04:20

... physical examination of the breast are now the mainstays for early detection of breast cancer. Screening for early cancer detection has been credited for part of the recent reduction in breast cancer mortality, ... Detection of Breast Cancer Committee on Technologies for the Early Detection of Breast Cancer Sharyl J. Nass, I. Craig Henderson, and Joyce C. Lashof, Editors National Cancer Policy Board INSTITUTE OF ... Trial. NIH Consensus Conference on Breast Cancer Screening. Trial of Early Detection of Breast Cancer (TEDBC) started in the United Kingdom. Canadian National Breast Cancer Studies (CNBSS): one...

Ngày tải lên: 05/03/2014, 12:20

... body. Systemic treatment given to patients who have no evi- dence of spread of cancer, but who are at risk of developing spread of the cancer is called adjuvant therapy. The goal of adjuvant therapy is ... elsewhere. If breast cancer cells have spread to the axillary lymph nodes, it makes it more likely that they have spread to other organs of the body as well. Types of Breast Cancer Breast cancer is ... Bisphosphonates Bisphosphonates are used in breast cancer treatment to strengthen bones that have been weakened by invading breast cancer cells. The most commonly used bisphosphonates in breast cancer treatment are pamidronate and...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 01:20

... 28 MANAGEMENT OF BREAST CANCER IN WOMEN A Women with breast cancer should be offered audiotapes or follow up summary letters of important consultations. A Clinical encounters with women with breast cancer ... 8 MANAGEMENT OF BREAST CANCER IN WOMEN 2 +   A All women with early stage invasive breast cancer who are candidates for breast conserving surgery should be offered the choice of breast conserving ... measurement of the presence of psychological symptoms in women with breast cancer should be tailored to the individual circumstances of the patient (eg presence of high level of distress...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 14:20

... breast cancer, and as effect modifiers of the association of fat intake and risk of breast cancer. Cancer Causes Control, 8, pp49-56. 18 Collaborative Group on Hormonal Factors in Breast Cancer ... The protective role of pregnancy in breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res., 7(3), pp131-42. 20 Collaborative Group on Hormonal Factors in Breast Cancer (2002b). Breast cancer and breastfeeding: collaborative ... WC (1995). Risk of breast cancer in relation to lifetime alcohol consumption. J Natl Cancer Inst., 87, pp923-929. 35 Cancer Research UK (2007). About breast cancer: Breast cancer risks and...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 01:20

... purposes) Available online http:/ /breast- cancer- research.com/content/8/4/212 Abstract Metastatic spread of cancer cells is the main cause of death of breast cancer patients, and elucidation of the molecular mecha- nisms ... initial spreading of cancer cells to local lymph nodes via the lymphatics in human breast cancer. Another important aspect to the understanding of breast cancer metastasis is the role of different ... during the etiology of breast carcinogenesis. Review Mouse models of breast cancer metastasis Anna Fantozzi and Gerhard Christofori Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Department of Clinical-Biological...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 17:20

... ì 10 4 Hathaway et al. Breast Cancer Research 2011, 13:R108 http:/ /breast- cancer- research.com/content/13/5/R108 Page 11 of 13 Introduction New cases of invasive breast cancer were predicted to exceed ... 10 6 ), followed by BT-474 breast cancer cells (2.75 ì 10 6 ), MCF7 breast cancer cells (0.18 ì 10 6 ), and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells (0.11 ì 10 6 ). The Chinese hamster ovary (non -breast) cell line ... Interference Device. Hathaway et al. Breast Cancer Research 2011, 13:R108 http:/ /breast- cancer- research.com/content/13/5/R108 Page 8 of 13 Knowledge of the vector direction of the magnetic dipole moments...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 17:20

... history of Saethre- Chotzen syndrome is especially interesting, both in terms of the presentation of the patients and in terms of Fig. 1. Drawing of a child (approximately 18 months of age) ... lack of cartilaginous segmentation at the base of A B C Fig. 4. Apert Syndrome. A Failure of cartilaginous segmentation of cervical vertebrae at 31 weeks of gestation. B, C Failure of cartilaginous ... determining the expression pat- terns of the IIIb and IIIc isoforms of each of these receptors [42]. In many areas of the embryo the IIIb and IIIc FGF receptor isoforms are associated with epithelial...

Ngày tải lên: 28/03/2014, 22:20

... with the establishment of diagnosis and treatment programmes. 26 Guidelines for the early detection and screening of breast cancer Screening for breast cancer Breast cancer is most easily and ... benefit of an effective breast cancer screening programme is a reduction in breast cancer mortality and an increase in life years of good quality. The cost-effectiveness of a breast cancer screening ... screening of breast cancer The Regional Office has been proactive in the development, implementation and assessment of regional guidelines for the early detection and screening of breast cancer, ...

Ngày tải lên: 28/03/2014, 23:20

... therapy Management of special problems in breast cancer 37 Figure 13. Paget’s disease of the nipple-areola complex Figure 14. Cancer of the male breast: diagnosis Diagnosis of breast cancer 15 Prognostic ... systemic treatment, an international overview of treatment outcomes, treatment of early stage invasive breast cancer including surgery, adjuvant therapy for node- negative and node-positive breast cancer, ... patients with node- positive primary breast cancer. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 2003, 21(6):1–9. Hortobagyi GN. Treatment of breast cancer. New England Journal of Medicine 1998, 339:974–984. Hurkmans...

Ngày tải lên: 28/03/2014, 23:20

... risk of breast cancer, about half as many (1 woman) will get breast cancer. = the number of women who will get invasive breast cancer without taking medicine (2 out of 100). = the number of women ... Most women will never get breast cancer. n A woman’s risk of breast cancer increases with age. n Two different medicines can lower the risk of some kinds of breast cancer. n Both medicines have ... estrogen, this type of breast cancer cell can’t multiply and grow. Some breast cancers do not have estrogen receptors. This type of breast cancer is called estrogen-receptor negative cancer. It is...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 01:20