power system stability and control

... examples of disturbance data in books such as The BMI Handbook of Power Signatures, Second Edition, and the Dranetz Field Handbook for Power Quality Analysis ß 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, ... be used in conjunction with power quality monitors to find a solution to the problem 33.4 Summary Most power quality problems can be solved with simple hand-tools and attention to detail Some ... absence of standards, several manufacturers have developed proprietary ‘‘flicker’’ meters In recent years, an effort has been made to standardize the definition of ‘‘flicker,’’ and to standardize the...

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... Distribution System Modeling and Analysis William H Kersting 22 Power System Operation and Control George L Clark and Simon W Bowen 23 Hard to Find Information (on Distribution System Characteristics and ... transmission, distribution, and utilization of electric power and energy as well as the modeling, analysis, planning, design, monitoring, and control of electric power systems The individual chapters ... this handbook This volume of the handbook is devoted to the subjects of electric power generation by both conventional and nonconventional methods, transmission systems, distribution systems, power...

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... Oklahoma, and Texas), the winds are strongest in the spring (March and April) and weakest in the summer (July and August) Utilities here are summer peaking, and hence need the most power when ... 1-4 Land Rights The wind is a free, clean, and inexhaustible energy source It has served humankind well for many centuries by propelling ships and driving wind turbines to grind grain and pump ... Denzler, E.W., and Kaplan, M.M., Powering the Midwest, A Report by the Union of Concerned Scientists, 1993 Johnson, G.L., Wind Energy Systems, Prentice-Hall, New York, 1985 Wind Power Monthly,...

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... a result, the compressor and the expander must operate at the same time and must have the same air mass flow rate In the case of a CAES plant, the compressor and the expander can be sized independently ... Group, LLC systems are quiet and non-polluting, and can be installed near load centers and existing suburban substations These have round-trip AC–AC efficiencies in the range of 85%, and can respond ... but the compressor and the expander operate independently In a combustion turbine, the air that is used to drive the turbine is compressed just prior to combustion and expansion and, as a result,...

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... of their total customer demand Some of these systems have been residential and commercial rooftop systems and other systems have been larger ground-mounted systems PV systems are generally classified ... Stand-alone PV systems are used when it is impractical to connect to the utility grid Common standalone systems include PV-powered fans, water pumping systems, portable highway signs, and power ... into the system Stand-alone systems also often incorporate battery storage to run the system under low sun or no sun conditions 3.2.2.1 PV-Powered Fans Perhaps the simplest of all PV systems is...

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... machine, for damping power system dynamic oscillations [see Power System Stability and Control, Kundur (1994) and Section of title Power System Stability and Control of this handbook.] Various auxiliary ... acceleration during system fault conditions [see Power System Stability and Control, Kundur (1994) and Section of title Power System Stability and Control of this handbook.] 4.2.4 Generator Terminal Equipment ... Switchyard, Spillway, Station Service Control and Monitoring Plant Real Power Control and Monitoring Automatic Voltage Control Water and Power Optimization Water Bypass Control Interchange/AGC Switchyard...

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... at a fixed value, or is controlled to regulate power factor, motor current, or system stability In addition, the rotor also has shaft-mounted fans or blowers for cooling and heat removal from the ... these criteria, and the knowledge of the stator current and cooling system effectiveness, the manufacturer can project the motor component heating, and thus insulation life, and the efficiency ... rotor excitation winding is powered with DC current, adjusted to rated voltage, and transferred to voltage regulator control It is then synchronized to the power system, closing the interconnecting...

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... DC Auxiliary Power Systems for Generating Stations Switchgear IEEE Standards Collection: Power and Energy-Switchgear, 1998 Edition Auxiliary Transformers IEEE Distribution, Power and Regulating ... DC system is supplied for circuit breaker and protective relaying The system voltage may collapse to close to zero during fault conditions and would not be capable of supplying relay control and ... generator will be supplied as a unit The size and characteristics are usually determined by the system planners as a result of system load requirements and system stability requirements ß 2006 by Taylor...

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... automotive and transportation markets These experiments later expanded into markets associated with military and commercial aircraft and mobile systems Microturbines are typically defined as systems ... possibility of ‘‘islanding’’ a portion of the system Small: Between large and extremely small Extremely small: Generation less than 100 kVA Location on the system and individual system characteristics ... microturbines and fuel cells, would require more stringent control packages due to their islanding and reverse power capabilities Most of the new developing technologies are inverter based and there...

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... the system through a switch is the most frequently used voltage control method The capacitor reduces lagging -power- factor reactive power and improves the power factor This increases voltage and ... line, and consists of several thyristor-controlled capacitors in series or parallel, and may include thyristor-controlled inductors Medium- and low-voltage systems use several other electronic control ... Highvoltage and extra-high-voltage (EHV) transmission lines interconnect power plants and loads, and form an electric network Figure 8.4 shows a typical high-voltage and EHV system This system contains...

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... consideration as an International Standard References Carton, T and Peyrot, A., Computer Aided Structural and Geometric Design of Power Lines, IEEE Trans on Power Line Syst., 7(1), 1992 Dreyfuss, ... Valley, Electric Light and Power Magazine, 48(vii), 55–58, 1971 12 Pohlman, J and Lummis, J., Flexible Structures Offer Broken Wire Integrity at Low Cost, Electric Light and Power, 46(V, 144–148.4), ... system, the forces from the conductors and OHGWs on one side of each tangent structure are balanced and restrained by those on the other side When a critical component in the conductor=OHGW system...

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... Lines and Substations Transmission line and substation insulation integrity is one of the most dominant factors in power system reliability We will describe typical transmission lines and substations ... energization and resonance, cause power frequency, or close-to -power frequency, and relatively long duration overvoltages The duration is from sec to several minutes The expected peak amplitudes and duration ... Transmission Line Reference Book (345 kV and Above), 2nd ed., EL 2500 Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI), Palo Alto, CA, 1987 Fink, D.G and Beaty, H.W., Standard Handbook for Electrical Engineers,...

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... realized and maximum safety of personnel is attained, properly designed and constructed tools and equipment are tantamount to a successful job Because the initial cost of these tools and equipment ... conductors being strung and pulling cables being used, or fully insulating equipment and operator, isolating equipment and personnel All equipment, conductors, anchors, and structures within a ... was physically able to withstand the tensions of lowering it to the ground By utilizing a helicopter and bare-hand work methods, the spacers were able to be replaced and the conductor strengthened...

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... Radial system and (B) looped system A radial system has the lowest initial cost, because a looped system requires the additional facilities to the second source Outage restoration on a radial system ... direct buried low-voltage power cables 12.4 Medium- and High-Voltage Power Cables Medium- and high-voltage power cables, in addition to being insulated, are shielded to contain and evenly distribute ... Separable Insulated Connector Systems for Power Distribution Systems above 600 V Insulated Cable Engineering Association, ICEA standards P-53-426, Ampacities, 15–69 kV 1=c Power Cable Including Effect...

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... Devices and Power Systems, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 1994 Glover, J.D and Sarma, M.S., Power System Analysis and Design, 3rd ed., Brooks=Cole, 2002 Stevenson, W.D Jr., Elements of Power System ... H., Power System Analysis, McGraw-Hill, Boston, MA, 1999 Gross, Ch.A., Power System Analysis, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1979 Gungor, B.R., Power Systems, Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Orlando, ... Zaborszky, J and Rittenhouse, J.W., Electric Power Transmission The Power System in the Steady State, The Ronald Press Company, New York, 1954 Barnes, C.C., Power Cables Their Design and Installation,...

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... with stranding as follows: 27.5 Â 106 for single-strand core 27.0 Â 106 for 7-strand core 26.5 Â 106 for 19-strand core Using elastic moduli of 8.6 and 27.0 million psi for aluminum and steel, ... Final sags and tensions depend on initial installed sags and tensions and on proper handling during installation The final sag shape of conductors is used to select support point heights and span ... initial and final loading conditions Initial sags and tensions are simply the sags and tensions at the time the line is built Final sags and tensions are calculated if (1) the specified ice and wind...

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... the measuring point from the phases B and C of the line are 2.64 Â 10À7 and 1.69 Â 10À7 W=m2, respectively, and the corresponding noise levels are 54.33 and 52.38 dBA The total noise level is ... performance of conductor bundles and to predict the energy losses and environmental impact of HV lines before their installation Adequate control of line corona is obtained by controlling the surface ... corresponding to the second and higher harmonics of the line voltage superimposed on a relatively broadband noise, extending well into the ultrasonic range (Ianna et al., 1974) The octave-band measurements...

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... process, and delays could rapidly cause serious public health and safety concerns Areas of probable power system collapse FIGURE 16.19 scenario Regions of large GIC flows and possible power system ... Space weather conditions capable of threatening power system reliability can rapidly evolve The system operators at Hydro Quebec and other power system operators across North America faced such ... exciting current lags the system voltage by 908, it creates reactive power loss in the transformer and the impacted power system Under normal conditions, transformer reactive power loss is very small...

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... This is a particular concern only for MV and LV systems 17.5 Insulation Strength Power system insulation is designed to withstand all anticipated power system overvoltages Unfortunately, even ... overhead and underbuilt shield wires with good grounding, line surge arresters; underground transmission cables References Anderson, R.B., Eriksson, A.J., Kroninger, H., and Meal, D.V., Lightning and ... thunderstorm parameters, IEE conference publication 236, Lightning and Power Systems, London, June 1984 MacGorman, D.R., Maier, M.W., and Rust, W.D., Lightning Strike Density for the Contiguous United...

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... Transmission System (FACTS), which is an application of power electronics for control of the AC system to improve the power flow, operation, and control of the AC system TCSC improves the system performance ... system References Anderson, P.M., Agrawal, B.L., and Van Ness, J.E., Subsynchronous Resonance in Power Systems, IEEE Press, 1990 Anderson, P.M and Farmer, R.G., Series Compensation in Power Systems, ... static thyristor-controlled shunt compensators for power transmission applications, IEEE Trans on Power Appar and Syst., PAS-99, 1795–1804, 1980 Hammad, A.E., Analysis of power system stability enhancement...

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