planktonic layers physical and biological interactions on the small scale

... and the Queensland Museum, often through the Island Research Stations at the southern end of the GBR (Heron Island and One Tree Island) It is not unfair to say that, prior to 1960, research on ... state and federal item of concern The GBR also became a focal point for discussion on the prospects of oil drilling on the GBR, and conservationists heightened their demands for protection of the ... depending on the seafloor depth and slope below and on the distance from the mainland Certainly the GBR is not one class of coral reef, and its diversity of form and function has contributed...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 05:21

... describe the physical conditions that formed these warm water masses and controlled their movement over the GBR They demonstrate that a strong correlation existed between the location of these warm ... to the coast all along the length of the ecosystem Note the steep continental slope and the coral reefs scattered on the shelf, principally the mid- and outer-shelf a b FIGURE Three-dimensional ... some of these basic physical and biological processes and linkages between reefs, the “inter reef,” and through the coastal fringe into the catchments What happens if there is neither the scientific...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 05:21

... and references therein; Mitchell et al., 1996 and 1997) have demonstrated the strong seasonality of riverine discharge and water quality in north Queensland rivers and their links to the strongly ... expectation for the preservation of native vegetation (particularly riparian and wetland areas), conflict over the use of these resources is likely to grow in the future On the basis of the Herbert ... Research and Development Corporation, the Land and Water Resources Research and Development Corporation, the CRC for Sustainable Sugar Production, and the CSIRO Divisions of Tropical Agriculture and...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 05:21

... 410 and 82 tonnes, respectively In contrast to the Tully River, the bulk of freshwater and fine sediment exports from the mainly dry catchment rivers of the central and southern GBR such as the ... nutrients, and contaminants in runoff are concentrated in the nearshore zone (Gagan et al., 1987; Sandstrom, 1988) Despite considerable effort over the last decade to monitor concentrations of dissolved ... soils Recent integrations of flow- and time-varying nutrient concentrations in the Burdekin River yield mean volume-weighted N and P concentrations of 940 tonnes N kmϪ3 and 145 tonnes P kmϪ3, respectively...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 05:21

... conditions In silted conditions, on the other hand, the ratios dropped below In relation to mucus secretion, it averaged 35% of daily respiration under the unsilted condition; the value rose to 65% ... Seagrasses may respond to the latter via horizontal rhizome growth On the other hand, the species respond to homogeneous sedimentation rates only via vertical stem elongation or re-establishment ... living tissue, and Type II lesions, at the edge of colonies Colony size and density of lesions varied among reefs, with smaller colonies and more lesions observed in more exploited and silted areas...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 05:21

... wide range of concepts and interactions and their consequences, and to effectively portray them to a non-expert audience; The increased rigour in understanding the concepts and processes involved, ... whereas the eutrophication effects are long-term DISCUSSION The model results demonstrate the potential for eutrophication to have significant long-term impacts on coral populations beyond any ... sediments and nutrients in the model Comparisons of the trajectories for moderately increased (Animation 4) and strongly increased sediment and nutrient conditions (Animation 5, “eutrophic”), with the...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 05:21

... uncertain colonies were collected and later identified Of the 61 genera recorded on the GBR, only the 40 most common taxa were recorded in the early phase of the surveys, and for consistency only these ... of the GBR Relative distance along the GBR (henceforth: “along”) is similarly defined as the distance to the northern end of the GBR divided by the sum of distances to the northern and southern ... Townsville to the Daintree River in the north It was also low on the outermost reefs in the southern corner (Pompeys and Swains), and on the northern mid- and outershelf reefs The spatial model...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 05:21

... 100,000 computational points, that is, layers in the vertical, 211 points in the along-shelf direction, and 95 in the across-shelf direction The grid elements spacing in the horizontal plane were ... m3sϪ1 The wind vector at this time showed that the wind was strong and from the SE at 10 m sϪ1 As a result of both these conditions, freshwater filled the entire Upstart Bay and a tongue of the ... the deeper coastal waters along the marked transect At the end of the first and major discharge event, the SE winds weakened at this time, though they had advected the plume and the 30-ppt contour...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 05:21

... spp.) and palms (e.g., Pandanus spp., Livistona spp.) that shaded and cooled the lagoons (J Tait, personal communication) Farther downstream, the landward advance and retreat of saline surface and ... extensions and by ontogenetic movements and migration of organisms These fluxes vary on regular tidal and seasonal time scales, on less regular quasi-decadal, or longer, climate cycles (Lanyon & ... production, confusion, and conflict in the forces of nature, culture, and law Lowlands bearing freshwater lagoons and swamps, salt-flats, marshes, and mangroves are buffered from sea waves and wind...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 05:21

... incorporated both the trawl and line fisheries, and focussed on the dynamics of the penaeid prawn community in the lagoon and inter-reef habitat Trawl and line-fishing bycatch was specified and monitored ... from the prawn trawl fishery, the seasonal variation in rainfall (the monsoonal “wet”), and the inter-reef–associated hydrography of the area As a consequence, this area experiences seasonal ... fish and other non-fish taxa was based on parallel fish trawling and benthic dredge samples taken at the time of the prawn surveys (Poiner et al., 1998) Information on diet, consumption, and production...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 05:21

... indentations in the reef margin with the resultant formation of particulate-rich eddies In the lee of the reef, gyres and eddies, depending on their size, location, strength, and duration, vary in their ... station 1; a large region of reduced flow along the reef face surrounding stations 5, and 7; and a narrow band of still water immediately to the south near station 11 Station 3, to the north of the ... perspective, the most persistent zones of retention were in the south and southeast sectors where aggregations of fish generally remained at or above the concentration of the incident plume DISCUSSION The...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 05:21

... depths of the meters All current meters and the tide gage recorded 30-min averaged currents The water depth on the shelf varies between 40 and 100 m In this region only the crest of the reefs ... Three-dimensional view of the area around Old Reef in the central region of the GBR This view also shows the mooring sites The view is from the north looking south Australia is to the right and the Coral ... is indicated on the bottom Australia is to the right and the Coral Sea to the left The view is vertically distorted, mean depth around the reefs is 40 to 60 m, and the width of the outer shelf...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 05:21

... of mixing due to the interaction of the tidal currents with the many islands in the region and considerably more clouds than most other parts of the GBR (Animation 4) CONCLUSION The GBR bleaching ... another geographic location The water circulation within the GBR is affected by the wind, the tides, and by the East Australian Current (EAC) and the Hiri Current (Andrews & Clegg, 1989) The ... frame of the animation The date associated with the 3-day animation is also indicated at the top of the key in the lower left of the screen As shown in Animation 3, the beginning of the warm...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 05:21

... instrument where the economy and the proposal are the driving variables and the environent and the EIA the dependent ones” (Rees, 1988) Preliminary environmental assessment and zoning of an area—sometimes ... HAMILTON ISLAND One of the developments considered poor planning by conservationists is the placing of high-rise buildings and an airport for large jets on Hamilton Island in the Whitsundays The ... Evaluation International Union for the Conservation of Nature, IUCN, Gland Johnson, A.K.L., Ebert, S.P., & Murray, A.E 1997 Spatial and temporal distribution of wetland and riparian zones and opportunities...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 05:21

... the fractional contribution of the additional lifetime was close to zero Figure shows the typical time-dependent donor decays for the D1–CFP bearing donor alone and with the donor and acceptor ... the observation of true interactions The dopamine D1 receptor did not interact with Gai, and the D2 receptor did not interact with Gas, although the physical contact of these receptors with their ... interpretation of the data suggests that the indicated basic region of ic3 of the D2 receptor and acidic region of the C-tail of the D1 receptor might be involved in the interactions between the two dopamine...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 03:20

... substances based on their biosynthetic origin [43] (Figure 1.2)  The acetate-malonate pathway produces depsides, depsidones and dibenzofurans The most important of these are the esters and the oxidative ... made, the work is that of the author alone; The work has not been submitted previously, in whole or in part, to qualify for any other academic award; The content of the thesis is the result of the ... While the methanolic solution was evaporated, a precipitate occurred and was filtered off, then the solution was continued evaporated to dryness The resulting was the precipitate (9.0 g) and the...

Ngày tải lên: 15/12/2015, 15:22

... has conducted the innovation education program, along with the renovation of the whole country  1.3 The effects of Globalization on Education We will examine how the quantity, quality and type ... professionals and technicians lived abroad in 1980 1.4 The effects of Globalization on Education 1.4.1 The effects of Trade on Education While education helps the economy adjust to new conditions ... fragmentation Fragmentation: the fragmentation of production processes is also called “vertical specialization” and is commonly referred to as the relocation of parts of the production process from one...

Ngày tải lên: 23/04/2013, 11:16

... radiation and natural convection are limited Thus, heat transfer between the hot saline water bed and the condensation surface in every stage is mainly conveyed by evaporation and condensation process ... coefficient from equation (24) and equation (25) and the mass of water evaporated from the equation (26) and equation (27) The main function takes the output from all these subroutines as input ... collector and the outlet of the second collector will be inlet to the next and so on up to the Ncth collector Thus, the outlet temperature of the last collector is taken as the oulet temperature of the...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 16:11

... contradictory to the conclusions of the Final Document of the Moscow Meeting of the Conference on the Human Dimension of the CSCE and in breach of Article 19 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political ... Convention on Human Rights and other internationally applicable standards, including OSCE commitments E Conclusions and Recommendations The analysis of the data and information provided by the ... online content has led to challenging restrictions on the free flow of information and the right to freely impart and receive information on and through the Internet Definitional problems and inconsistencies...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 00:20

... of the nonreducing end C-G-A unit and ammonium from the molecular ion Further fragmentation gave the fragment ion at m/z 1436.42, owing to the loss of the branching xylose residues M and O, and ... under the stream of air, acetylated and then analysed by GC in comparison with authentic standards, prepared from the respective monosaccharides with (S)- and (R)-2-butanol For determination of the ... vicinal proton coupling constants and 13C NMR chemical shifts Anomeric configurations were deduced from the J1,2 coupling constants and chemical shifts of H-1, C-1 and C-5 signals The position of C-6...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 16:20