physiology and pathology of asthma and copd

... Although asthma and COPD have many risk factors in common and often coexist in clinical settings, and there is some evidence that asthma may be a risk factor for the development of COPD [40], ... asthma diagnosis had COPD diagnosis, and 21% of those with asthma diagnosis had chronic bronchitis symptoms Total n Asthma diagnosis n (%) Asthma diagnosis Asthma symptoms COPD diagnosis Chronic ... Restriction of analysis to asthmatics without COPD, and to those with COPD without asthma, was performed for both diagnoses and symptoms The results showed similar effects in the restricted and nonrestricted...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 19:20

... effects of increased Ca++ and PKC in cells are system-specific and explain many of the physiological consequences of serotonin activation One effect of PKC activation is the uncoupling of 5HT1A ... review of data from a variety of fields suggests that serotonin is one way that estrogen is exerting its effects on physiology and pathology in women The primary function of E2 is reproductive, and ... timing of onset, and effectiveness of treatment of depression in women may be mediated by estrogen's effect on serotonin receptors The onset of depression in women is a characteristic of times...

Ngày tải lên: 28/03/2014, 14:20

... among COPD, asthma, and rhinitis Persons with COPD and another condition were classified as having COPD Persons with asthma and rhinitis were classified as having asthma The overall rate of completion ... aged 55 to 75 Of these, 352 reported a physician diagnosis with one of the conditions within the overall rubric of COPD and 122 reported a physician diagnosis of asthma In the course of administering ... and lung cancer in the absence of COPD, asthma, and rhinitis were excluded from the analysis due to small numbers We tabulated the work history and current employment status of persons with COPD, ...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 00:20

... comorbidity, and study centre Stratified analyses were performed with respect to diagnosis (neither asthma nor COPD; and asthma and/ or COPD) Respiratory symptoms often occur together, causing problems of ... Netherlands showed that knowledge about both asthma and COPD was related to better adaptation to these diseases [33] Knowledge of disease is likely to vary in the group of asthma and/ or COPD in ... breathlessness without asthma and/ or COPD had lower both PCS and MCS than subjects with asthma and/ or COPD It could be that breathlessness indicated by subjects without asthma or COPD represents a...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 16:20

... lengthening of existing vessels, and sprouting and formation of new vessels Lee et al [57] found that levels of VEGF and MMP-9 were significantly higher in the sputum of patients with asthma than ... with asthma and COPD using a high-magnification bronchovideoscope and did not find any difference between COPD patients and controls [43] A drawback of this technique is the detection limit of ... [72] Hypertrophy and hyperplasia of mucous glandular structures and loss of alveolar attachments are considered to be the main structural changes of airway remodelling in COPD and they may play...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 11:22

... (HC), asthma, COPD and cold Comparison of pH in EBC obtained by either RTube or ECoComparison of pH in EBC obtained by either RTube or ECoScreen in healthy controls (HC), asthma, COPD and cold ... degasification of EBC prior to analysis, or the use of a special gas [5] We included stable asthmatics and COPD GOLD stage and Comparing the asthmatic and COPD patients with healthy controls, we did ... comparison of two commercial devices in healthy controls and patients with asthma, COPD and colds regarding the measurement of pH, including degasification with argon, and showing a small interday and...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 14:20

... my many years of research and teaching in platelet physiology and pharmacology at the University of Minnesota, I am often confronted with conflicting opinions as to the relevance of nonnucleated ... studying and teaching platelet physiology and pharmacology at the University of Minnesota Over the years, he has made significant contributions to the understanding of platelet function and its ... stimulation of various effector enzymes and formation of second messengers, leading to aggregation and secretion of granule contents Specific mechanisms involved in the process of centralization of granules...

Ngày tải lên: 17/02/2014, 05:20

... H Shimano Physiology and pathophysiology of the SREBP family SREBP-1c and lipogenesis The SREBP family consists of three isoforms: SREBP1a, SREBP-1c, and SREBP-2 Each isoform has a different ... Triglyceride 617 Physiology and pathophysiology of the SREBP family H Shimano at G1 [19] In particular, p21 is a direct target of SREBP [20] The role of SREBP-1a in the regulation of cell growth and the ... p21, p27, and p16, and causes cell cycle arrest Feedback Glucose G6PD Glc6P Fig Regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism by SREBPs Acetyl-CoA is produced from glycolysis of glucose, and passed...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 13:20

... Summary of Principles 24 a The propagation of offspring and the protection and support of the young and defenseless, always involve sacrifice on the part 24 of the parents and the stronger members of ... principle of biology was first discovered and formulated by the great German Biologist, Weissmann Summary of Principles a The propagation of offspring and the protection and support of the young and ... at first appear The use of brain, muscle and glands and the consumption of the cell substances of these tissues results in the development of the nerve, muscle [34 ]and gland cells into a condition...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 13:20

... Pathogenesis of Asthma, and Natural History of Asthma SECTION 2, DEFINITION, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS OF ASTHMA, AND NATURAL HISTORY OF ASTHMA KEY POINTS: DEFINITION, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS ... Pathophysiology and Pathogenesis of Asthma, and Natural History of Asthma 11 Key Points: Definition, Pathophysiology and Pathogenesis of Asthma, and Natural History of Asthma ... Pathophysiology and Pathogenesis of Asthma, and Natural History of Asthma FIGURE 2–1 THE INTERPLAY AND INTERACTION BETWEEN AIRWAY INFLAMMATION AND THE CLINICAL SYMPTOMS AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF ASTHMA...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 15:20

... wrinkles and microfibrils in the outer layers of the fibre wall structure (Figure 1a) The surface structure of chemical pulp Figure Structure of wood pulp fibres (a) Note the network of microfibrils ... microfibrils, see also [16] According to Meier [13], microfibrils are agglomerates of elementary fibrils and always have diameters which are multiples of 3.5 nm (Figures 1c and 2) The bundling of ... fibril and supermolecular structure of cellulose in soft wood fiber J Ultrastructure research 1969, 26:52-68 Meier H: Chemical and morphological aspects of the fine structure of wood Pure and applied...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 03:20

... presentation of acute exacerbations of asthma and COPD in a typical emergency department setting, both in disease severity and the treatment required However, the relationship between dose and plasma/serum ... exacerbations of asthma and/ or COPD are usually heavily reliant on short-acting b2-agonists for symptom relief prior to presentation and would be expected to use much higher doses of albuterol ... only used as an estimation of the number of doses of albuterol required during the asthma exacerbation (between different dosage forms), and does not represent the amount of albuterol being delivered...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 03:20

... Onouchi and Akira Hata Chapter The Role of Proteinase and Neutrophils in ANCA-Associated Systemic Vasculitis 93 Mohamed Abdgawad Part Pathogenesis and Pathology of Vasculitis 113 Chapter Pathology of ... vasculitis and how some antibodies may become pathogenic The following section deals on the pathology of vasculitis and the potential role of endothelial cells and cytokines in vascular damage and repair ... expression represents the ratio of the number of copy of mRNA of interest versus mRNA of GAPDH All calculations were done using the 2CT model of (Pfaffl, 2001) and experiments were performed according...

Ngày tải lên: 27/06/2014, 19:20

... in the field of the pathology of the head and neck As such they are the main members of the Working Group on Pathology of the Head and Neck of the European Society of Pathology, one of the first ... Gerhard Seifert and to Leslie Michaels, great pioneers of Head and Neck Pathology in Europe and founding members of the Working Group on Head and Neck Pathology of the European Society of Pathology ... salivary glands, nasopharynx and Waldeyer`s ring, larynx and hypopharynx, ear and temporal bone, neck and neck dissection, as well as eye and ocular adnexa The pathology of the thyroid and parathyroid...

Ngày tải lên: 29/06/2014, 09:20

... rhinitis, and eczema.26 Shamssain and Shamsian, assessing 3,000 adolescents aged 13 to 14 years in Sunderland, England, verified the concomitance of asthma, rhinitis, and eczema in 5.1% of subjects.19 ... influence the estimation of prevalence rates of asthma and asthma- like symptoms Eur Respir J 1995;8:53s 13 Pearce N, Weiland S, Keil U, et al Self-reported prevalence of asthma symptoms in children ... al Questionnaire study of effect of sex and age on the prevalence of wheeze and asthma in adolescence BMJ 1998;316:1945–6 Solé D, Camelo-Nunes IC, Wandalsen GF, et al Is asthma in Brazilian children...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 21:20

... diagnosis of asthma (OR 2.04), wheeze, and asthma medication use (OR 2.83) but not for AHR, atopy, or airflow obstruction.23 Despite more symptoms consistent with asthma and use of more asthma medications ... relationship and understand the causal mechanisms of obesity and asthma association From a public health standpoint, these studies have substantial implications If asthma were added to the list of conditions ... unit of increased BMI Table Demographics of Total Evaluated and Included Patients Characteristics Number of subjects evaluated Number of subjects included Number of subjects excluded Reasons of...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 21:20

... understanding how mycorrhizae affect host nutrition and physiology With the use of new techniques and methods, we are now able to understand not only how fungi affect nutrient uptake and tree ... mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal Douglas fir seedling roots during a short uptake period (Bledsoe and Rygiewicz, 1986) Influx and efflux of cations (ammonium, potassium, calcium, H and anions ) ... mycorrhizal physiology For example, the soils work in Germany by Ritter and coworkers shows effects of liming soils on species diversity of fungi In nutritional stu- dies, Rousseau and Reid from...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 04:20

... provides the basis for a broad understanding of the anatomy and function of the ear and the auditory nervous system, and it discusses the cause and treatment of hearing disorders Most books on hearing ... Impairment of Sound Conduction in the Cochlea 213 3.4 Accuracy of Measurements of Conductive Hearing Loss 213 3.5 Implications of Impairment of Conduction of Sound to the Cochlea 214 Pathologies of the ... comprehensive coverage of disorders of the auditory system emphasizing the interaction between pathologies of the middle ear and the cochlea and the function of the nervous system and vice versa Hyperactive...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 06:21

... the pathophysiology of some forms of progressive adult deafness and understanding of the processes that underlies this transformation opens new prospects for understanding of some forms of genetically ... Recognition of the role of a resonant system consisting of the tectorial membrane and the hairs of hair cells by Zwislocki and co-workers [169] may be regarded as a fourth epoch in our understanding of ... angle (of the vector) (Fig 2.14B) The impedance of a capacitor and an inductance has pure imaginary values of opposite signs; impedance of a capacitor decreases as a function of the frequency and...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 06:21

... of the anatomy and physiology of the auditory nervous system of clinical importance Most studies of the function of the auditory system have aimed at the coding of different kinds of sounds in ... assume that a better understanding of these aspects of the function of the auditory nervous system is important for understanding many disorders of the auditory system and it is a necessity for ... microphone to a bank of filters the center frequencies of which are distributed over the range of frequencies of interest The energy of the output of each filter displayed as a function of the filter’s...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 06:21