physicalchemical treatment of water and wastewater pdf

... Sincero and G. A. Sincero 330 Physical–Chemical Treatment of Water and Wastewater FIGURE 7.4 (a) Sectional drawing of a plate -and- frame press (from T. Shriver and Co.); (b) an installation of ... examples of this unit operation of filtration used in practice include the filtration of water to produce drinking water in municipal and industrial water treatment plants, filtration of secondary ... silica sand, and garnet sand. Generally, two types of granular gravity filters are used: slow-sand and rapid- sand filters. In the main, these filters are differentiated by their rates of filtration.

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... Chemical Treatment of Water and Wastewater l LI Pblock... TX249_frame_C11.fm Page 534 Friday, June 14, 2002 2:27 PM 534 Physical Chemical Treatment of Water and Wastewater ... and B Gomolka (1991) Application of disk aerators to recarbonation of alkaline wastewater from wet gasification of carbide Water Science Technol Advanced Wastewater Treatment and ... Physical Chemical Treatment of Water and Wastewater FIGURE 11. 1 A water distribution pipe almost completely blocked with... equilibria in the treatment of natural waters Khimiya

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... water Acidity to be added to water Gram equivalents per liter of acidity to be added to water Current alkalinity of water Gram equivalents per liter of current alkalinity of water ... hydroxide for removal of Cr(VI) and. .. Hedberg, T and T A Wahlberg (1997) Upgrading of waterworks with a new biooxidation process for removal of manganese and iron Water Science Technol., ... economics, iron and manganese removal are normally incorporated into water softening... constant of Mn ( OH ) 3 At a pH of 11.97 and dissolved solids of 140 mg/L, the concentration of − spMn

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... Control and Automation of Water and Wastewater Treatment and. .. Figure 6. 9 is used to mix alum in a water treatment plant The mixing power developed is 165 7.2 N·m/s and the ... cm from the bottom of the vessel. The tank is filled to a depth of 2.0 m and is mixing alum with raw water in a water treatment plant. The water is at a temperature of 25°C and the turbine is ... the rotation of the mixer providing the agitation. Generally, three types of mixers are used in the physical–chemical treatment of water and wastewater: rotational, pneumatic, and hydraulic

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... area Time of operation Absolute velocity of bed Absolute superficial velocity of water Relative superficial velocity of flowing water relative to bed Volume of sample; volume of permeate ... millions of them performing the reaction of H moving and the C of the carboxyl group of the tolylene bonding with the N of the amine and so on The final structure is a mesh of. .. ... of water Bulk density of carbon Osmotic pressure on feed side of RO units Osmotic pressure on permeate side of RO units PROBLEMS 8. 1 A wastewater containing a [Co] = 25 mg/L of

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... This chapter applies the techniques of the unit process of coagulation to the treatment of water and wastewater for the removal of colloids that cause turbidity and color. It also discusses prerequisite ... the surface of the particle. Because of the affinity of these groups for water, the water is held tight on the surface. This water is called bound water and is fixed on the surface and moves ... dose, respectively, and let V be the cubic meters of water or wastewater treated Also, let MCaOkgeqFeIII and MCaOFeIII be the kilogram equivalents and kilogram mass of lime, respectively,

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... concentration of 35,000 mg/L of total solids is already very high and would not be encountered in the normal treatment of water and wastewater This concentration is representative of the ... Milligrams per liter of suspended solids in raw water Cubic meters of water treated Water of hydration of alum Activity coefficient of the calcium ion Activity coefficient of the hydrogen ... the wastewater contains 140 mg/L of dissolved... mg/L of dissolved solids and 100 mg/L of alkalinity expressed as CaCO3 The phosphorus is to be 3 removed using lime If the wastewater

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... knowl- edge of biological reactions to the treatment of water and wastewater, the chemical nature of these reactions must be given center stage. In other words, to control the process of removing ... will be eaten; and if it is in a wastewater, the wastewater will be cleaned up. The answer to this question can now be quantified by the combination of the concept of enthalpy and entropy. This ... of moles of organisms per unit mole of sewage The units of Ydn are in terms of moles of organism per unit mole of nitrate nitrogen The units normally used in practice for Yc and

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... an interval 3 of regeneration of 8 h and assuming a rate of flow for the water treated of 75 m /d, the 3 volume of water treated is 75/24(8) = 25 m Thus, the wastewater produced ... of the bed 3 16. 13 Using a bed exchanger, 75 m of water. .. removal The raw water contains 80 mg/L of Ca and 15 mg/L of Mg 3 The exchanger is a resin of exchange capacity of ... density of the resin is 720 kg/m The kilograms of sodium chloride regenerant... The raw water contains 80 mg/L of Ca and 15 mg/L of Mg 3 The total volume of the rinse and backwash

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... for a wastewater 3 treatment plant processing an average of 25,000 m /d of wastewater The peaking factor is 3.0 and the... odorous substances is a major concern of water treatment ... substances that could be present in the raw water and raw wastewater and treated water and treated wastewater are ferrous, manganous, nitrites, and hydrogen sulfide Thus, these are the ... refers to the killing of all organisms. Sterilization is not often practiced in the treatment of water and wastewater. Thus, this chapter will only discuss the unit process of disinfection. This

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... 10.10 WATER AND WASTEWATER CHEMICALS AND CHEMICAL PROCESSES In order to operate a water/ wastewater treatment process correctly and safely, water/ wastewater operators need to know the types of chemical ... Adsorption Coagulation Taste and odor removal (water treatment) Water softening Recarbonation Ion exchange softening Scale and corrosion control 302 Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operations ... Characteristics of Water © 2003 by CRC Press LLC 10 Basic Water Chemistry The waterworks or wastewater treatment plant operator lacking in knowledge of basic water chemistry and standard laboratory

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... leaves, twigs, and algae move more quickly through the aquatic system Slow water 420 Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operations where A = Weight of dried solids, filter, and support ... Location — Name of water body and place of study and longitude and latitude Date and time Site — Point of sampling (sampling location) Name of collector Biomonitoring, Monitoring, Sampling, and Testing ... full with stream water, and fill your spray bottle 388 Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operations Select a ¥ 3-ft riffle area for sampling at Site One member of the team, the

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... pumps.] The centrifugal pump and its modifications are the most widely used type of pumping equipment in the water and 186 Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operations ... Applications Raw water and wastewater, secondary sludge return and wasting, settled primary and thickened sludge, effluent Scum, grit, sludge and raw water and wastewater Lubricating ... 172 Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operations water distribution, pumping with storage is the most common method of distribution. 7.2 ARCHIMEDES’ SCREW At the top of the

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... disinfection, direct recycling of wastewater and the practice of land application of wastewater is a cause of concern .13 380 Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant ... public health. The goal of this early wastewater treatment program was to remove suspended and floatable © 2003 by CRC Press LLC 368 Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operations ... fertilizer and feedlot runoff, and municipal wastewater discharges 13. 4.3 CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF WASTEWATER The chemical characteristics of wastewater consist of three parts:

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... casing and the pump They are sized to allow the maximum amount of water while preventing the passage of sand, sediment, or gravel 452 Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment ... manage and operate water systems, a basic understanding of the movement of water and the things that affect water quality and quantity are important. In other words, a basic understanding of hydrology ... Spellman, F.R., The Handbook for Wastewater Operator Certification, Technomic Publ., Lancaster, PA, 2001.) © 2003 by CRC Press LLC 444 Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operations

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... safer and more economical to treat its waste independent of domestic waste. 4. Combined wastewater — Consists of a combi- nation of sanitary wastewater and storm water runoff. All the wastewater and ... 548 Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operations 18. 8.4.1 Percent Removal EXAMPLE 18. 23 The expected range of. .. 550 Handbook of Water and Wastewater ... 2003 by CRC Press LLC 534 Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operations added to the wastewater. Fresh domestic waste- water has a musty odor. If the wastewater is allowed to go septic,

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... operators in both water and wastewater know so little about electricity? Part of the answer resides in the fact that operators are expected to know so much (and they are — and do), but are given ... concept of current flow and resistance are explained Consider the water tanks shown in Figure 6.11 — two water tanks connected by a pipe and valve At first, the valve is closed and all the water ... amps (A) The measurement of A of current is defined as the movement of C past any point of a conductor during sec of time Earlier we used the water analogy to help us understand potential difference

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... of floc formation and the strength and weight of the floc, polymers are often added 476 Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operations Pretreatment Stage Water ... 468 Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operations 17.5.3.4 Iron and Manganese Removal Iron and manganese are frequently found in groundwater and in some surface waters. They ... length in excess of 100 µm 488 Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operations TABLE 17. 6 Attributes of the Three Waterborne Pathogens in Water Treatment Organism

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... "CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF WATER AND WASTEWATER" Environmental Chemistry Boca Raton: CRC Press LLC, 2000 24 CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF WATER AND WASTEWATER 24.1 GENERAL ASPECTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL ... Scientists’ understanding of the environment can only be as good as their knowledge of the identities and quantities of pollutants and other chemical species in water, air, soil, and biological systems ... Strontium Water quality Sulfate Water quality, water pollution Sulfide Water quality, water pollution Sulfite Surfactants Tannin, Lignin Water pollution, oxygen scavenger Water pollution Water quality,

Ngày tải lên: 23/07/2013, 20:57

... topics of water and wastewater characterization, quantitation, and population projection, this book covers the unit operations and unit processes in the physical–chemical treatment of water and wastewater. ... P. Sincero and G. A. Sincero PART I Characteristics of Water and Wastewater Chapter 1 Quantity of Water and Wastewater 1.1 Probability Distribution Analysis 1.1.1 Addition and Multiplication ... phosphorus, removal of nitrogen, ion exchange, and disinfection. The requirements for the treatment of water and wastewater are driven by the Safe Drinking Water Act and Clean Water Act, which...

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