perspectives on water supply and demand in the 21st century

... catchments in the Murray-Darling basin The derivation of the forecasts is based on categorization and consequent nonparametric modeling of streamflow distributions and their antecedent conditions (e.g., ... regimes—irrigated cotton with winter wheat rotation, dryland sorghum and winter wheat rotation, and dryland cotton and winter wheat rotation Production costs are incurred on crop planting, so areas planted ... Chiew and McMahon (2003) and demonstrate the statistical significance of the lag correlation of the linear relationship between 3-month streamflow (in Oct–Nov–Dec and in Jan–Feb–Mar) and the SOI...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 17:20

... Atlantic and the Indian Monsoon and the Indian Monsoon 13 11 Fig Composite anomalies of OLR and wind field and rainfall over India for the first (a,b) and second (c,d) monsoon regimes over the 1958-2001 ... The monsoon season is defined by the months June-September (JJAS) In addition, to characterise the large scale seasonal mean in uence on monsoon convection we have used the dynamical monsoon index ... latitude index and the NAO/EA teleconnection patterns in one case and to a simple index of the Asian summer monsoon convection derived from the ERA-40 reanalysis in the other Section describes the...

Ngày tải lên: 29/06/2014, 09:20

... Atlantic and the Indian Monsoon and the Indian Monsoon 13 11 Fig Composite anomalies of OLR and wind field and rainfall over India for the first (a,b) and second (c,d) monsoon regimes over the 1958-2001 ... The monsoon season is defined by the months June-September (JJAS) In addition, to characterise the large scale seasonal mean in uence on monsoon convection we have used the dynamical monsoon index ... latitude index and the NAO/EA teleconnection patterns in one case and to a simple index of the Asian summer monsoon convection derived from the ERA-40 reanalysis in the other Section describes the...

Ngày tải lên: 29/06/2014, 16:20

Ngày tải lên: 01/11/2013, 12:20

... improvements in energy use efficiency  in buildings across the city Improving Energy Efficiency & Reducing Demand Most of the energy we demand in cities is used within and by buildings and while many innovative ... focus on encouraging the inclusion of local or on- site generation in new developments A good example of this is an approach pioneered  by the London Borough of Merton in the UK The Merton Rule18 ... leakage in the drinking water distribution network5 and less than 5% of the water consumed in the MAMC  is reused.6 Case study Resolving water crisis and conflict between Mexico City and its...

Ngày tải lên: 19/01/2014, 17:20

... consisted of acid sulphate soil The leaching of DOC from the tree canopies clearly started earlier in the spring and ceased later in the autumn in S Finland than in N Finland, and the DOC concentrations ... concentrations in TF were also normally higher during the growing season on the plots in the south This is presumably due to the fact that the winter period is longer in N Finland and a larger proportion ... investigated using hand- and semi-thin cuttings AOT40 indices were calculated on the basis of hourly means of ozone concentration provided by a municipality air monitoring station in the vicinity...

Ngày tải lên: 17/02/2014, 10:20

... Engineering in providing services to the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities The Council is administered jointly by both Academies and the Institute of Medicine ... of weather forecasts is extended and the seasonal climate projections improve, a blurring of the distinction in these terms is occurring COMMUNICATING UNCERTAINTIES IN WEATHER AND CLIMATE INFORMATION ... in the scientific information that was disseminated, in institutional arrangements, and in communication The first problem was that the scientific information did not contain uncertainty information...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 09:20

... estimate of the outstanding global bond market size linked to key climate change themes, and examines future drivers and trends in the short term In spite of the financial crisis, institutional investor ... loans on their balance sheets, prompting increasing costs, reductions in the term of loans and introducing greater refinancing Bonds and Climate Change www.climatebonds.net June 2012 this is the ... match their liabilities Finally, institutional investors are extending the integration of sustainability factors beyond listed equities into other asset classes, creating appetite for bonds linked...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 04:20

... adding up GHG emissions involved in clearing land to graze livestock and grow feed, keeping livestock alive, and processing and transporting the end products We show that 25,048 million tons ... reversing climate change In fact, this approach would have far more rapid effects on GHG emissions and their atmospheric concentrations and thus on the rate the climate is warming—than actions ... even be considered a carbon sink The standing stock livestock biomass increased significantly over the last decades… This continuing growth…could be considered as a carbon sequestration process...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 09:20

... conclusion of the Gothenburg Protocol revision all occurring in 2011 In light of this opportunity, the conference agreed on the following general conclusions: Address under the revision of the ... legislation inhibiting open burning of agricultural residues and biomass; legislation introducing black carbon emission limit values at EU level; inclusion of black carbon in the revision of the Gothenburg ... inconsistencies in definitions and measurements of BC, in the emission world and the immission world must be resolved • In certain areas of the world (e.g China) emissions, and the BC to (OC+SO4+nitrate)...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 16:20

... and upward along the valley of the great Red and Assinniboin Rivers to the north, marking one of the most prolific grain growing belts on the continent, if not in the world While this limestone ... of deaths from consumption in the following States to be One in 254 in Massachusetts, One in 473 in New York, One in 757 in Virginia, One in 1139 in Minnesota This speaks for the climate more ... Rain-fall for spring. The constitutional character of the climate. The lakes and rivers of the State. The northeast winds. Where the northeasters begin. Their general direction and limit. The...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 20:20

... India: India (Asia’s third largest economy) continued to lead the global expansion in 2011 and along with China, will lead the world economy once again in 2012 The Indian economy was the second ... slowdown in exports and the impact of flooding in Thailand on supply chains The economic recovery began to stall in the fourth quarter due to the drop in demand from Europe and a rising Yen The outlook ... 8.0 6.0 Once again, China and India were the most stellar performers in the global economic arena, while the rest of the emerging and developing economies (especially Indonesia) were among the top...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 21:20

... pursue, including engaging and educating their employees, integrating their adaptation strategy into core business processes, building capacity and resources, and working with their supply chain partners ... particularly in winter; more erratic rainfall and increasingly unpredictable starts to the rainy seasons; an increase in unusual and “unseasonable” weather events; heavier rains and longer dry spells; and ... geographic level, into site-specific business decision-making in the short term.97 Risk and uncertainty Lack of information and the inherent uncertainty surrounding the nature, timing and variability...

Ngày tải lên: 19/03/2014, 16:20

... on monitoring ozone impacts Recent years have also seen an increasing emphasis on monitoring the condition of designated conservation sites, with the introduction of Common Standards Monitoring ... data and information Including them in the proposed network would give substantial added value both to the monitoring and to the long-term experiments that are being undertaken; Limiting the sites ... vegetation response Two options proposed: 1) Carry out diffusion tube survey for baseline survey of mean concentrations and accept lack of information on peak concentrations Further work on relating...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 00:20

... warming is expected to affect the start, duration, and intensity of the pollen season on the one hand, and the rate of asthma exacerbations due to respiratory infections and/ or cold air inhalation ... photochemical smog found in outdoor air in urban and industrial regions and, in conjunction with sunlight and hydrocarbons, results in the production of ozone Like ozone, nitrogen dioxide is ... inhalation induces epithelial damage and consequent in ammatory responses in the upper and lower airways, as witnessed by an increase in levels of neutrophils, eosinophils, mononuclear cells, fibronectin,...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 02:20

... (baseline option) Thermal treatments Thermal treatments incineration incineration advanced thermal conversion advanced thermal conversion co-incineration co-incineration Landfill Pre-treatment Landfill ... assumptions concerning the control of methane emissions in landfill gas (including the use of gas for electricity generation) are tested in the analysis Incineration Options assessed include ... depends crucially on the effectiveness of landfill gas control and, in the case of MBT with incineration, the energy source that is displaced by recovering energy from incineration In the analysis...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 23:21

... migration, immigration growth in population leads to increase the labor in rice production activity, increase rice output for consumption, and increasing the paddy land for housing Paddy land is ... reclaiming land, making the most of unused land, plus investment in the exploitation of irrigation, application of technical measures aimed at increasing the coefficient of land use, thus, paddy land ... tends to increase in all three crops However, the effects of industrialization, the process of economic restructuring in the sector has continued, these will make the region's rice area decline markedly...

Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 01:21

Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 11:21

... and in combination with a number of environmental and human factors Continuous monitoring of the forests is critical to providing insight into these interactions Maintaining forest health and ... highlands and from the southern limits of natural pine stands in Nicaragua to the northern limits of the region in Guatemala Based on the analyses done during the TCP, the following recommendations ... international attention and the funding potentially available for the resulting strategies, the focus on carbon rather than on wood and NWFPs, and the recognition that the solution lies in an inter-sectoral...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 13:20

... neutralize the effect of in- creased traffic, and the growth in emissions is likely to continue in the coming decades In 2006, the EC proposed to include aviation in the EU Emissions Trading Scheme The ... many interesting sights and hill tribe villages on the fringes of the Park in Kon Tum province The Seminary, the Ethnic Hilltribe Museum, the Wooden Church and Kontum Prison on the bank of Dakbla ... Biodiversity Data and Information Harmonization was held in Vientiane, Lao PDR to determine and agree on mechanisms on biodiversity data and information harmonization, sharing and use in support to...

Ngày tải lên: 03/04/2014, 03:20