peripheral and central mechanisms of pain generation

... of the master regulator of testicular differentiation in medaka (see [13] for review) and because of the discovery of sex-chromosome-linked dmrt1s in other vertebrates (DM-W in Xenopus [14] and ... of sex determination in fish came with the discovery of a dmrt1 homologue on the Y chromosome of the fish medaka (Oryzias latipes) This Y-chromosomal gene is the product of a gene duplication of ... birds, mammals and corals is the dmrt gene family [5] The prototype members of this group of factors are the Drosophila doublesex (dsx) and Caenorhabditis mab-3 genes The Dmrt group of molecules...

Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 19:20

... 38 v A REVIEW OF THE CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL MECHANISMS OF THE STORAGE STABILITY OF FAST PYROLYSIS BIO-OILS ABSTRACT Understanding the fundamental chemical and physical aging mechanisms is necessary ... this reaction include carbonates and chlorides of sodium and potassium; calcium and sodium sulfates; and calcium and sodium acetates (Adams and Adkins 1925; Adkins and Nissen 1922) Catalysts for ... Refractive Indices and Densities of Mixtures of Certain Alcohols and Aldehydes,” J Am Chem Soc., 50, pp 499-503 Adkins, H and Broderick, A.E (1928b) “The Rate of Synthesis and Hydrolysis of Certain Acetals,”...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 14:02

... usual practice (standard of care) and followed over time using standardized methods and forms to make possible a valid and reliable description of case-mix, pattern of care and outcomes Subjects ... epidemiology of cancer pain and of its treatments, the quality of analgesic-drug therapy and the effect of alternative analgesic strategies in a large, prospective, unselected cohort of cancer patients ... characteristics of a large sample of cancer patients in terms of case mix (patients characteristics), pattern of care (pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments) and relevant efficacy (analgesic and...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 15:20

... duration of pain Tjakkes et al Health and Quality of Life Outcomes 2010, 8:46 http://www.hqlo.com/content/8/1/46 Page of Table 2: SF-36 and GHQ scores in three groups of orofacial pain patients and ... general population, and to study the effect of duration of pain on HRQoL Methods and materials Sample Patients were recruited from the department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of the University ... to a craniofacial pain unit because of TMD and facial pain With regard to pain- related disability and HRQoL, 29.7% of the sample reported a frequently disturbed sleep as a consequence of their...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 16:20

... and Bcl-2 of the lung extracts of guinea pigs exposed to air or CS supplemented with A, Immunoblots of caspase 3, PARP, A, Immunoblots of caspase 3, PARP, Bax and Bcl-2 of the lung extracts of ... mean perimeter (contour length) of air space and A is the area of air space [6] The number of air spaces and the S/V values calculated after 7, 14 and 21 days of smoke exposure are significantly ... known whether p-BSQ of CS causes apoptosis and emphysematous lung damage We have addressed this question for better understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms of emphysema, so that...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 08:22

... (China) and was supported by the proposal of the Second Development of Pien Tze Huang of the National Ministry of Science and Technology Author details School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, ... hypertension) and in WKY (i.e ischemia without Zhang et al Chinese Medicine 2010, 5:35 http://www.cmjournal.org/content/5/1/35 Page of 14 Table (B) Score, time of onset of stroke, and time of death of the ... CCA located beside the thyroid gland Distal and proximal ends of CCA were bound with 5.0 threads leaving a Page of 14 gap of about 0.5 cm between the two ends and the CCA was excised between the...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 14:20

... Scatter plot of predicted value and standardized Peason residuals 74 Figure 4.9 Scatter plot of predicted value and deviance residuals 74 Figure 4.10 Scatter plot of predicted value and leverage ... from mainland, and living in families with parents of higher status in income, education and work Gender of household head also significantly influence the education attainment of young generations ... influence the probability of being enrolled in schools of young generations The next chapter will present in-depth overview of international remittances and education status of young generations in Vietnam...

Ngày tải lên: 26/05/2015, 08:38

... Publications LIST OF PUBLICATIONS The research described herein was conducted under the supervision of Prof Lu Li and Associate Prof Zeng Kaiyang from the Material Science Division, Department of Mechanical ... Extension and Verification of Experimental and Analysis Method for Interfacial Toughness of Hard Film/Soft Substrate 51 4.1 Thin Film Characterization 52 4.2 Comparative Analysis of ... Schematic of basic operation principle of lithium ion battery; (b) Comparison of energy densities of different rechargeable batteries Fig 2.1 Rutile and anatase crystal structures of TiO2 Fig...

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 10:14

... friends and colleagues who have assisted me during the course of this research i TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements i Table of Contents ii Summary vii List of Symbols x List of Figures ... Comparison of the experimental and model pressure and volumetric strain relationships 67 Figure 4.1 Geometry and dimension of the various nose shaped projectiles 71 Figure 4.2 Mesh of the target and ... Application of the SFM for high velocity impact simulation of steel and aluminum alloy targets where the SPH method is used at the region of large deformation and damage, and the FEM elsewhere Study of...

Ngày tải lên: 10/09/2015, 08:36

... DNA and these series of research finally culminated with the landmark discovery of the double helical structure of DNA by Crick and Watson in 1953 CHAPTER INTRODUCTION With the molecular basis of ... seed extension, the seed portion of the reads R1 and R2 will be aligned to the genome The seed will be on the left half of R1 and the right half of R2 Neighbourhood of the area seeds mapped to will ... Mapping of simulated datasets containing reads of length 75bp and 100bp The reads were generated allowing 7% errors in a read, and a deviation of 50bp from the exact origin of the read was...

Ngày tải lên: 10/09/2015, 09:11

... popularization of the new information and communication technologies (ICTs), vast socio-geographical mobility, fragmentation and individualization of society and the emergence of a new generation of only-children ... the group mean of factor scores of f1, f2 and f3 for various variables that can be classified into four groups: city profile, household profile, housing profile and personal profile For f1, males ... satisfactory The type of reality housing The size of reality housing The amenities of reality housing The accessibility of reality housing The quality and design of reality housing The level of reality...

Ngày tải lên: 26/09/2015, 10:05

... region and Central Highlands” PURPOSES OF RESEARCH Breeding and selecting some inbred lines and promissing crosses for maize breeding and production program in Southeast and centre Highlands Breeding ... high and stable yield, adaptation to ecological conditions of Southeast and Central Highlands Identification of suitable planting density of 66,600 plants/ with row spacing of 60 cm x 25cm and ... SITUATION OF PRODUCTION AND USE OF HYBRID MAIZE VARIETIES IN THE WORLD AND VIETNAM 1.2.1 Situation of production and use of hybrid maize varieties in the world As compared to wheat and rice,...

Ngày tải lên: 25/12/2015, 17:21

... doses of capsaicin [58] This capsaicin treatment caused degeneration and dysfunction of the C- and Aδ-nociceptors [60-63] and consequently reduced cough generation caused by citric acid and capsaicin, ... activation of µ-opioid and inhibition of neurokinin receptors can help in the suppression of some varieties of chronic cough In a preliminary study, we found that coadministration of codeine and a ... doses Further studies are needed to clarify the pharmacology and mechanisms of antitussive effects of opiates, and to elucidate mechanisms of opiate-resistant coughs Furthermore, it is very important...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 08:20

... results of the present study and from previous ones on the role of CCR1 and its ligand CCL3 in the pathogenesis of MS [39,40,42] and EAE [22,44,46], have provided evidence for an important role of ... chosen for histopathology and evaluation of CCR1, CCR2 and CCR5 mRNA expression in the spinal cord Vertical bars represent mean and standard error of the mean Preparation of radioactively labelled ... formation of focal areas of demyelination [31] and axonal injury and loss [32] Our results demonstrate a prominent accumulation of monocytes and macrophages expressing CCR1, CCR2 or CCR5 mRNA within and...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 22:20

... (muscle pains) mayperpetuateandaccentuate thepain status of afflicted patients, [8,9] and Ge et al recently reported experimental evidence of a physiologic link between myofascial trigger points and ... central sensitization in patients with shoulder pain of myofascial origin [10] In contrast, Curatolo et al, in a study of chronic whiplash patients, reported that anesthetic infiltration of painful ... the signs of central sensitization [11] An explanation for this discrepancy may lie in the definition of what constitutes a myofascial pain generator While both 'tender points' and myofascial...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 10:20

... composition of 2H and 18O The compositions of the isotopes 2H (D) and 18O were analyzed to obtain δD (‰) and δ18O (‰), respectively, which are defined as the relative deviation of the parts per thousand ... 22-23 of 2003 The amount of precipitation was 30 mm in total Figure shows the precipitation record of the studied event (Fig 2a) and the record of the river flow rate (solid line, Fig 2b) of the ... the discharge of new water and the migration of hazardous elements, which has not been sufficiently analyzed or reported previously As a result of the calculation, and by setting C1 and C2 as mentioned...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 09:08

... operation of the Bank rests with a Board of Directors, which consists of fifteen members: • the governor (currently Mark Carney, who is the chief executive officer and chairman of the Board of Directors) ... offices in Toronto, Vancouver, Calgary, Montreal, and Halifax • Unlike a private bank that operates in pursuit of profit, the Bank of Canada is responsible for the country’s monetary policy and ... chaired by the governor and is composed of the senior deputy governor and four deputy governors Copyright  2011 15 - The Functions of the Bank The functions of the Bank of Canada are: • • • •...

Ngày tải lên: 05/01/2014, 16:57

... visceral and peripheral fat further diminishes the levels of testosterone and increases the levels of estradiol (E2), which further contributes to preferential deposition of more visceral fat and ... pathophysiological mechanisms of obesity-induced androgen deficiency and hypogonadism-induced obesity remain the subject of intense investigation Several hypotheses have discussed the relationship of androgen ... pathogenesis of ED Erectile function is a neurovascular process that requires the health of the central and peripheral nervous system, as well as the vascular bed of the penis, and depends on...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 06:20

... EU ENLARGEMENT AND THE CONSTITUTIONS OF CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE In the wake of the EU’s greatest enlargement, this book explores the adaptation of the constitutions of Central and Eastern Europe ... University of Zagreb; Professor Neil Walker, University of Aberdeen and EUI, Fiesole Books in the series EU Enlargement and the Constitutions of Central and Eastern Europe Anneli Albi Market Freedom and ... Law and European Integration’ (1997) European Public Law 314 Constitutions of Germany, Austria, Belgium and Portugal Constitutions of Italy, Finland and Austria Constitutions of Austria and Portugal...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 11:20

... lifetimes of carbon-centred radicals derived from a diverse set of substrates are on the order of about 10)10 s [98] Moreover, the randomness of the apparent intramolecular KIEs for unrearranged and ... result in a drastic diminution of polymerization products derived from aniline and some of its p- and N-substituted congeners, while formation of p-hydroxylated and dealkylated metabolites was ... discounted in view of the high selectivity of DNA strand breakage [239] Also, density functional theory (DFT) calculations of the electronic structure of an optimized geometric model of activated BLM...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 16:20