... *Corresponding authors: h
Performance evaluation of
space–time–frequency spreading for MIMO
OFDM–CDMA systems
Haysam Dahman
∗
and Yousef Shayan
Department of Electrical Engineering, Concordia ... wireless communications systems. An important advantage of using STF-
domain spreading in MIMO OFDM–CDMA is that the maximum number of users supported
11
D. PerformanceEvaluation for Zero Forcing ... and full text (HTML) versions will be made available soon.
Performance evaluationof space-time-frequency spreading for MIMO
OFDM-CDMA systems
EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing 2011,
2011:139...
... number of
users.
D. PerformanceEvaluation for Zero Forcing Receiver
In this section, we will calculate probability of bit error
for Zero-Forcing receiver (ZF) [18,19] to examine the
performance of ... 2011:139
http://asp.eurasipjournals.com/content/2011/1/139
Page 12 of 13
RESEARCH Open Access
Performance evaluationof space-time-frequency
spreading for MIMO OFDM-CDMA systems
Haysam Dahman
*
and Yousef Shayan
Abstract
In ... for OFDM-CDMA system with 4Tx, 2Rx of the prop osed scheme (solid) and 2D OFDM-C DMA (dotted) in a
slow fading frequency-selective environment.
S
N
R
dB
Number of Users
Proposed OFDM-CDMA
2D OFDM-CDMA
0
2
46
8
10...
... 4.5). Finally, the model evaluation is
made by means of stochastic simulation (Section 4.3).
4.3. Evaluation. The evaluation is made by means of sim-
ulation. The facilites of CPN Tools have been ... using sharpe,” in Proceedings of
the 11th Internat ional Conference on Computer Performance
Evaluation. Modelling Techniques and Tools, vol. 1786 of
Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pp. 345–349, ... contribution of this work
was the development of a computational tool to automate
same steps of the proposed methodology. The tool was
named PECES (Performance and Energy Consumption
Evaluation of Embedded...
... the animation of both the systems
along with the graphs of Displacement Vs. time just below the animation window of each of the suspension
system. By comparing the performanceof the passive ... objectives of this project have been
achieved. Dynamic model for linear quarter car suspensions systems has been formulated and derived. Only one
type of controller is used to test the systemsperformance ...
[5] Prof. Dr. Yahaya Md. Sam, “Robust Control of Active Suspension System for A Quarter Car Model”, Thesis from University
Teknology Malaysia, December 2006.
PerformanceEvaluationof Active...
... [47]
COMPARATIVE STUDY ON PERFORMANCEEVALUATION
OF MUTUAL FUND SCHEMES OF INDIAN COMPANIES
Prof. Kalpesh P Prajapati,
Assistant Professor,
S.V Institute of Management,
Gujarat Technological ... source of data is website
of Association of Mutual Funds in India (AMFI). The study period is 1
st
January 2007 to 31
st
December, 2011. The results ofperformance measures suggest that most of ... Characteristics & performanceevaluationof selected Mutual Funds in India .
9th Indian Institute of Capital Market Conference.
[4] Michael, C. J. (1967). The Performanceof Mutual Funds in...
... to be popular today.
Other, extrinsic, types of human evaluations
of NLG systems include measuring the impact
of different generated texts on task performance
(Young, 1999), measuring how much ... 2005 NIST MT evaluation exercise, used
BLEU-4 as the only method of evaluation. BLEU
is a precision metric that assesses the quality of a
translation in terms of the proportion of its word n-
grams ... and Human Evaluationof NLG Systems
Anja Belz
Natural Language Technology Group
CMIS, University of Brighton
UK
A.S.Belz@brighton.ac.uk
Ehud Reiter
Dept of Computing Science
University of Aberdeen
UK
ereiter@csd.abdn.ac.uk
Abstract
We...
... task-
based evaluations of NLG systems over the Internet
is a valid alternative to more traditional laboratory-
based evaluations. Specifically, we have shown
that an Internet-based evaluationofsystems ... increased
amount of data also makes it possible to compare
the quality of NLG systems across different evalua-
tion worlds and users’ language proficiency levels.
We believe that this type ofevaluation ... argue that
an evaluation that is based almost exclusively on na-
tive speakers in universities leads to overly benign
judgments about the quality of NLG systems.
One advantage of the Internet-based...
... average number of reached nodes—
it is a sort of approximated indicator of the “depth” of the propagation process. Since the RE can be
interpreted as the ratio between the average number of reached ... approach is extensively described, for the evaluationof D,
in Appendix 4, but can be directly re-adapted for the evaluationof RE and TE. In the remainder of this
subsection, we outline the final ... conditions—
this is the very idea of IF. The shape of p, as a function of d, is shown in Figure 5, for different values of c
and ρ
s
. It can be observed that the PAF of SIF is monotonically increasing...
... is the sum
of the fixed time from the grant time of the tagged i-packet
to the start of transmission of the i-packets in the next frame
and the transmission times of the random number of i-
packets ... statistical behavior of the BS grant
buffer of a particular SS is independent from the behavior of
those of the other SSs. Therefore, we model the stochastic
behavior of the BS grant buffer of a particular ... range of loads. In this case, the
optimal value of the total amount of real-time capacities can
be determined.
In case of a more general QoS requirement (delay con-
straint), the optimal set of...
... performanceevaluation process consists of the
following steps. Some of the concepts of this and the next
subsection have been reused and modified from the work in
[13]:
(1) selection of the evaluation ... modelling for performance
evaluationof real-time embedded systems, ” EURASIP Journal
on Embedded Systems, 2008.
[20] G. Madl, N. Dutt, and S. Abdelwahed, Performance estima-
tion of distributed ... Framework for Model-Driven SoC
Performance Evaluation and Exploration
The presented performanceevaluation models are used for
early analysis of data intensive embedded systems. Figure 10
presents...
... using
ˆ
d
0
to generate soft coded bit estimates
ˆ
˜
b in the
soft symbols-to-bits block. These are then provided to the soft-input soft-output (SISO) decoder from
which we obtain our first soft decoded bit ... Figure 10 we have shown the performance with higher order modulations. Here, the
performance of LDDST compared to DDST is quite similar. Clearly, both DDST based systems improves
the spectral ... 250 às
Order of the RRC lter 64
RRC roll-o 0.1
Symbols per frame 4,500
TDMT pilot symbols per frame 450
Number of feedback iterations 5
No. of subbands in the analysis bank 1,024
No. of subbands...
... CIR
H
performance of
the HAP system for different values of D, obtained by
increasing the reuse factor N. It shows that a CIR increase of
approximately 2 dB can be achieved with each increment of
N ... performance
(reuse factor
= 3)
−30
−20
−10
0
10
20
30
Distance from SPP of HAP (km)
−30 −20 −10 0 10 20 30
Distance from SPP of HAP (km)
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
Figure 8: CIR performanceof ... of CIR
H
and CINR
H
of HAP WiMAX
system (refuse factor
= 3)
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
Pr (CIR
H
or CINR
H
<X)
4 6 8 10121416182022
X (dB)
CIR
H
CINR
H
Figure 9: CDF of CIR and CINR performance of...