patterns in synthetic speech

... examined in principle, but without going too deeoly into the code. 3.1 Sentence Processing Firstly, the user types in a sentence in normal English text, with word boundaries ind/cated in ... that an increase in intensity with no corresponding pitch increase was never- theless heard as a pitch raise. Interestingly enough, a drop in intensity was not heard as a drop in pitch, merely ... This is indeed true in a great number of cases, but by no means all, as pointed out by Bolinger (Bolinger 1958). For instance, consider the following phrase (taken to mean "do continue"):...

Ngày tải lên: 09/03/2014, 01:20

... modern .NET architectures. In addition to managing business objects and processing the standard business logic, every interface method in the Façade validates the incoming arguments, authorizes ... these to their shopping cart. Their shopping carts can be managed by removing items and changing quantities. In the shopping cart, shipping costs are computed based on the shipping method selected. ... well as all cart maintenance methods: AddItem, RemoveItem, ReCalculate, ShippingStrategy. etc. The remaining types in this project are involved with shipping and shipping calculations. The...

Ngày tải lên: 12/09/2012, 14:40

... playing with great skill) or a noun phrase (John was going last week), finite verb clauses (John was playing although he was very tired), non finite verb clauses (John was playing to win), ... structure” Verb In English, verb is the main part of verb phrase and always combines with tense in the sentence. Verb can be intransitive verb, transitive verb or state verb/state of being verb. In Vietnamese, ... is that the verb in Vietnamese and English sentence is different. In my opinion, the verb in English sentence is more complex than in Vietnamese because we must distinguish intransitive verb,...

Ngày tải lên: 08/04/2013, 09:31

... SPEECH Imperatives Direct speech Indirect speech Affirmative Imperative V 1 + …… Mike said to Henry, “Come in, please.” S+ told / asked B + to + V 1 + …… Mike told Mary to come in. Negative Imperative Don’t ... Last week / year → The next/ following day → The day before → The following week/ year → The previous week / year B. Practice: I. Change into reported speech: (Imperatives: Câu mệnh lệnh) 1. ... She said to them, “Can you go fishing with me?” III. Change into reported speech: (Advice: Câu khuyên nhủ) 11.The doctor said to the patient, “You should stay in bed today.” 12.The teacher...

Ngày tải lên: 08/07/2013, 01:27

... differences in emission per capita kept declining in last 40 years. The SD indicator declines from 0.9489 in 1960 to 0.4370 in 2004, and the Theil indicator declines from 0.3491 in 1960 to 0.0629 in ... Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China. 5 School of Management and Economics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China. Abstract In order to find the main ... identifying of driving forces behind the emission patterns, and discriminating which factors through which ways affect the emission patterns could bring significant policy implications. In this...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 16:10

Ngày tải lên: 06/09/2013, 05:48

... design patterns, providing yet another way to reinforce your learning of these patterns. In addition, you’ll see UML diagrams of these programs, illustrating the interactions between classes in ... unsigned 8-bit value short 16-bit integer int 32-bit integer long 64-bit integer float 32-bit floating point double 64-bit floating point char 16-bit character string 16-bit characters Note ... The Interpreter Pattern 311 Motivation 311 Applicability 311 A Simple Report Example 312 Interpreting the Language 314 Objects Used in Parsing 315 Reducing the Parsed Stack 319 Implementing...

Ngày tải lên: 18/10/2013, 17:15

Ngày tải lên: 18/12/2013, 10:08

Ngày tải lên: 18/12/2013, 18:02

Ngày tải lên: 17/02/2014, 07:20

... monitor- ing levels of agreement during a conversation. In Proc. of the 26th Penn Linguistics Colloquium. M. Collins. 2000. Discriminative reranking for nat- ural language parsing. In Proc. 17th Interna- tional ... Entropy Ranking We view the problem as an instance of statisti- cal ranking, a general machine learning paradigm used for example in statistical parsing (Collins, 2000) and question answering (Ravichandran ... several empirical analyses in or- der to determine to what extent contextual informa- tion helps in discriminating between agreement and disagreement. By integrating the interpretation of the pragmatic...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 16:20

... This indicates that though 3 Binning is the process of dividing the entire range of a variable into smaller intervals and counting the number of observations within each bin or interval. In fixed ... for discovering the global patterns in linguistic networks. These pat- terns, in turn, are then interpreted in the light of ex- isting linguistic theories to gather deeper insights into the nature ... of them. In contrast, these inventories show excep- tionally regular patterns across the languages of the world, which is in fact, a common point of consensus in phonology. Right from the begin- ning...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 02:20

... CRF:All in Table 5). We get about 0.5% increase in accuracy, 76.1% with a window of size w = 1. Using larger windows resulted in minor increases in the performance of the model, as summarized in Table ... 17th International Conference on Machine Learning. A. McCallum. 2003. Efficiently inducing features of Conditional Random Fields. In Proc. of Un- certainty in Articifical Intelligence. T. Minka. ... machine learning. In Proc. of the In- ternational Conference on Spoken Language Pro- cessing. B. Taskar, C. Guestrin, and D. Koller. 2004. Max- margin markov networks. In Proc. of Advances in...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 04:22

... design patterns, providing yet another way to reinforce your learning of these patterns. In addition, you’ll see UML diagrams of these programs, illustrating the interactions between classes in ... process of looking for these patterns is called “pattern mining,” and it is worthy of a book of its own. The 23 design patterns selected for inclusion in the original Design Patterns book were ... 8-bit value short 16-bit integer int 32-bit integer long 64-bit integer float 32-bit floating point double 64-bit floating point char 16-bit character string 16-bit characters Note that...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 11:20

... The decoding pro- cess proceeds as follows: 3.1 Training and decoding Training data for ALTERF is supplied in the form of a text file containing one example per line, in the format 1. Initialise ... features. • Quantity of training data. • Modality (text or speech) of training data. We randomly divided the training corpus into ten equal pieces, and trained on subsets ranging from 10% of the corpus ... Percentage semantic interpretation errors on in- domain test data for different amounts of training data and different versions of the system. Training and test data both in speech form. "Data" =...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 21:20

... utterances used in training. In some experiments (#1 and 2) we trained with the entire training set 3 , including sen- tences without speaker errors, and in others (#3-6) we trained only on those ... Jelinek. 2008. Linguis- tic resources for reconstructing spontaneous speech text. In Proceedings of the Language Resources and Evaluation Conference, May. Erin Fitzgerald. 2009. Reconstructing ... ig- nored for these error tagging experiments. We approach our training of CRFs in several ways, detailed in Table 3. In half of our exper- iments (#1, 3, and 4), we trained a single model to predict...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 21:20

... The Singleton Pattern 145 Creating Singleton Using a Static Method 145 Exceptions and Instances 146 Throwing the Exception 147 Creating an Instance of the Class 147 Providing a Global Point ... design patterns, providing yet another way to reinforce your learning of these patterns. In addition, you’ll see UML diagrams of these programs, illustrating the interactions between classes in ... Overloading 89 Virtual and Override Keywords 89 Overriding Methods in Derived Classes 90 Replacing Methods Using New 91 Overriding Windows Controls 92 Interfaces 94 Abstract Classes 95 Comparing...

Ngày tải lên: 14/03/2014, 20:20

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 05:20

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 02:20