... utility
of the
Longman Dictionaryof Contemporary EnglgsA as
a suitable source dictionary for the target lexicon.
1 Introduction
Within the larger framework of the Alvey Programme
of advanced ... arises of how to develop such a
detailed and substantial word list. Our approach has
been to make use of the machine-readable source of a
published dictionary, namely the
Longr~sn Dictionary
of ... formalism
and current coverage of the English grammar in detail.
Russell et al.
(1986)
describes the morphological anal-
yser and dictionary system. Further relevant details
of both projects...
... form of early American English. London usage reflected the
linguistic patriotism of the English Renaissance and accepted forms from a variety
of regional and social dialects in the development of ... vigorous
conversational speech.
THE BEGINNINGS OF AMERICAN ENGLISH
The fluid structure of Early Modern English underlies the formation of American
English. Although the Great Vowel Shift had assigned ... redundancy first: of the 33 or so phonemes of English, only a small
subset of their possible permutations can form actual words. Adult English speakers
know, for example, that trip is an English word....
... manuscripts
n., noun
NEB,
New
English
Bible
nn., nouns
obj.,
object
OED,
Oxford
English
Dictionary
OID,
Oxford Illustra-
ted Dictionary
opp., as opposed to
OUP, Oxford Univer-
sity
Press
part.,
... air-
craft
(formerly collective but now often
A DICTIONARY
OF
MODERN
ENGLISH
USAGE
BY
H.W.
FOWLER
SECOND EDITION
revised
by
SIR
ERNEST GOWERS
Oxford
New
York
OXFORD
UNIVERSITY
PRESS
alien
for
... well said
of
the original book will still
be
true
of
this edition
:
'You
cannot depend
on the
Fowler
of
Modern English
Usage
giving
you
either
an
objective account
of
what...
... dis-
tinguished from a consensus of
authority, of evidence, of faith, of taste,
of testimony, and so on.
In any case, “consensus of does not
go with “some kind of Mafia involve-
ment” (in the third ... description of a market scene in Niger,
a book of true adventure contains an ex-
ample of the strict use of career:
A man trying out a camel careered out
of control, much to the amusement of
the crowd.
The ... reversal of the
chronological order of events, often with
after, in an effort to update the news;
and (2) use of condition in a special
sense, that of a medical prognosis, a
prediction of a patient’s...
... The
term also denotes a system of govern-
ment by elected representatives of the
people.
Freedom means the state of being free
from restraints or being free from of cial
oppression or being able ... single member of
a particular group, which can comprise
people, things, or animals. Often of fol-
lows, as in “every one of our 1,500” and
“each and every one of our clients.” The
of and its object ... instead of became or
waxed enthusiastic, was disapproved by
76 percent of The American Heritage
Dictionary s usage panel. “He was con-
siderably less enthused by signs of fac-
tionalism,” instead of...
... rare
kind of stone.”
The same principle holds for class of,
sort of, and type of. “A gnu is a type of
antelope.”
3. Properly used with A or AN
Kind of in another sense may go with
a. Being a kind of ... fully. “She’s a
kind of butterfly.” / “George is a sort of
expert.”
The same goes for kind of a (or an) or
sort of a (or an). “My boss is kind of a
tyrant.” / “They say Fred is sort of an
animal at ... last
or the last of those or something similar.
Among the items kept there are the
diary of Nazi propaganda chief
Joseph Goebels, an X-ray of Adolph
Hitler’s skull and the first edition of
Pravda, the...
... been one of the mean-
ings of over since the Middle Ages. The
Oxford EnglishDictionary offers eight
quotations, from the fourteenth century
on, to illustrate that over can mean “In
excess of, above, ... ending. See Plurals and singulars,
2J.
OF. See COMPRISE; HAVE, HAS,
HAD, 2; OFF and “OFF OF ; ON, 3;
Prepositions; SUPPORTIVE.
OF ANY, OF ANYONE. See ANY,
1, 2.
OF COURSE. 1. Benefit. 2. Draw-
back. ... blow them out of the sky”
(a non sequitur). “Little choice”? The
Americans had the choice of not blowing
them out of the sky; the choice of talking
instead of shooting; the choice of going
home....
... done
without unduly raising the price of coal
or of jeopardizing new trade.” Omit the
second of; no preposition belongs there
at all.
See also ADVOCATE; FREE, 1; OFF
and “OFF OF ; ON, 2; WHENCE and
“FROM ... thought.
Their function of setting off part of a
sentence resembles that of dashes and
parentheses. (See 4, 7.) In general, com-
mas least interrupt the flow of the sen-
tence.
When the set-off matter comes ... as the
subject of its verb (lives or comes).
(See THAT and WHICH; WHO,
THAT, and WHICH.)
PROOF and EVIDENCE. See EVI-
DENCE and PROOF.
PROOF OF THE PUDDING. The
proverb about proof and pudding...
... ON, 1.)
The derailment of a series ranks high
among the most common errors found
in print. The main cause of it is the fear
of repetition, even the repetition of so in-
offensive a word as and. ... save
by the lawful judgment of his peers or
by the law of the land. . . .
. . . For the sake of God, and for
the bettering of our realm, and for the
more ready healing of the discord
which has ... deprived of liberty without due
process of law.
The sentence affirms a “right to be de-
prived of liberty.” To invoke the Fifth
and Fourteenth Amendments, insert not
before “to be deprived.”
A court of...
... a maga-
zine essay by a professor of English,
protesting the lowering of standards of
behavior: “. . . Common decency has
not been all that common for long
stretches of human history.” May one
also ... lowering of standards of
English usage and all that fuzziness?
THAT and WHICH. 1. The differ-
ence. 2. Indiscriminate WHICH; mix-up
of THAT and WHICH. 3. “THAT” in
place of WHICH. 4. Versions of a ... adjective and a sin-
gular noun. Any of these work: those
kinds of law or that kind of law or laws
of that kind.
See also KIND OF, 1; Pronouns, 2
(misuse of them); THESE and THOSE.
THEMSELVES...
... Crowell Co., 1972.
The Compact Editionof the Oxford
English Dictionary, 2 vol., Oxford,
England: Oxford University Press,
1971.
The Concise OxfordDictionaryof Cur-
rent English, 6th ed., J. B. Sykes, ... of Style, Chicago:
The University of Chicago Press,
1982.
The College Standard Dictionaryof the
reference works 487
REFERENCE WORKS
Many of the reference works consulted in the preparation of ... Md.: Naval In-
stitute Press, 1994.
A Dictionaryof Modern Legal Usage,
Bryan A. Garner, New York, Oxford,
England: Oxford University Press,
1987.
Dictionary of Quotations, Bergen
Evans, New York:...