osteoclasts and interleukin 17 producing helper t cells in rheumatoid

... production through two mechanisms: 1) promoting the direct interaction between monocytes and T cells; 2) indirectly stimulating the production of IL-1b and IL-6 from monocytes C5a can bind to the trans-membrane ... patients C5a may be one of the many factors related to this observed effect Other unknown factors may also contribute to this T cell activation seen in AMD patients Interestingly, the findings ... representative data (C) TUNEL staining of CD4+ T cells treated with or without C5a and C5aR antagonist (D) PBMCs were treated with or without C5a for days T cells were sorted and processed for western...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 22:20

... IL-4 : IFN-γ ratio, which reflects the Th2 : Th1 cytokine balance in blood, was higher in RA patients These findings suggest that in RA the Th1 : Th2 ratio in the blood and that in the synovium ... demonstrated the presence of IL-12 as a contributory factor in inducing the IFN-γ-dominant T- cell cytokine response in joints of patients with longstanding RA [13] IL-18 is a proinflammatory cytokine ... Taniai M, Yamauchi H, Tanimoto T, Kurimoto M, Morita Y, Ohmoto Y, Makino H: Interferon-gammainducing activity of interleukin- 18 in the joint with rheumatoid arthritis Arthritis Rheum 2001, 44:275-285...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 01:23

... anti-TNF-treated patients with RA that were depleted of Tregs [38] Together, these data might underline the potential role of cytokines in maintaining chronic inflammation in vivo An alternative ... CD4+CD25high T cells from patients with active RA with regard to their ability to suppress pro-inflammatory cytokine production that reverts after treatment with TNF-neutralizing agents Additional ... retained in the bone marrow through interactions involving CXCR4 [46], it is also conceivable that CD4+CD25+ T cells are selectively recruited to and retained in the rheumatoid joint through interactions...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 06:22

... 4a–c These results suggest that the access of CD4+CD28null T cells to the joint is restricted to certain TCR-Vβ subsets, and that RA patients can be divided into two distinct groups with regard to ... fluid Interestingly, the TCR-Vβ dominant CD4+CD28null T- cell subsets did not respond either to pp65 or to immediate early antigens, indicating that the TCR-Vβ dominant subsets might be reactive to ... distribution in the inflamed joint compared with that in peripheral blood Consistent with the limited number of CD4+CD28null T cells in the joints, these cells were not associated with joint destruction...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 10:21

... subject recruitment, bronchoscopies and manuscript preparation All authors read and approved the final manuscript Competing interests The authors declare that they have no competing interests Received: ... within the lymphocyte population, mainly related to the T lymphocyte subtypes In conclusion, we demonstrate that smoking subjects with COPD have increased proportions of CD127+ helper T cells in ... of T cells into a cytotoxic phenotype This further supports a potential involvement of the acquired immune response in the pathogenesis of COPD To further evaluate the role of regulatory T cells...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 13:22

... IL-4 STAT-6 GATA-3 IL-10 TGF-ß Foxp3 IL -17 STAT-3 ROR t Th17 cell Fig 1.3 Development of T helper subsets after interacting with DCs 1.5 Interleukin- 12 IL-12 is a pivotal pro-inflammatory cytokine ... Abstract In this study, we showed that activated human CD8 T- cells could induce DCs to produce IL-12p70 in vitro and this interaction also resulted in the production of a cytokine milieu that ... up-regulated by factors that activate DCs including LPS and TNF-α Interestingly, recent studies have shown that memory CD8 T cells protected DCs from killing through cytotoxic granules by releasing TNF-α...

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 18:58

... bào T Các t bào Th1 Th1 t bào t o t bào đuôi gai Th t o thành t bào tiền khớp thần kinh miễn dịch t bào đuôi gai  kháng nguyên t bào T thụ cho kháng nguyên ( TCR ),  ti t interleukin 12 ... vào t bào kháng thể huy t tương ti t Hai yếu t phiên mã t m thấy có vai trò quan trọng lựa chọn việc trở thành Th1 Th2 t bào   T- đ t cược cho t bào Th1 GATA-3 cho t bào Th2 T- cược Th1 ... TCR tiếp xúc với cytokine kích ho t h t nhân thụ retinoid ROR t Đây yếu t phiên mã biến sưu t p gen đó, số thứ khác, dẫn đến  t ng hợp ti t IL -17 (cho t bào t n họ);  t ng t ng hợp thụ thể...

Ngày tải lên: 01/08/2014, 19:20

... as response in vitro to chemotactic gradients, cytokine release and cytotoxic activity of distinct T cell populations Detection of the inducible inflammatory chemokine receptors CCR5 and CCR3 on ... steps mediated by selectin and adhesion molecules, chemokine receptors support the selective recruitment of differentiated T cells into tissues through interaction with endothelial and tissue-expressed ... CCR5+ T cells have been ascribed to the effector memory population producing Th1-type cytokines and CCR3+ T cells to the effector memory population producing Th2- R29 Arthritis Research and Therapy...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 01:21

... effector memory CD8+ T cells in RA may indicate an increase in the migration of these cells into sites of inflammation, and therefore may contribute to ongoing synovial inflammation Competing interests ... control group (P > 0.9, by Student’s t- test), between the age of the SLE patient group and the corresponding healthy control group (P > 0.9, by Student’s t- test), and between the RA patient group ... et al tiation and migration into sites of inflammation An understanding of the mechanisms that are involved in this skewed differentiation of effector memory CD8+ T cells may prove valuable in...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 01:21

... online http://arthritis-research.com/content/5/5/R292 thought to contribute to the pathogenesis and regulation of the spondyloarthropathies [3] In other autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid ... of these CD4+ T cells in AS disease Thus, the model of CD4+CD28– NK T cells initiating and sustaining immune responses, and providing a link between the adaptive and the innate immune systems, ... under identical conditions, differences in the apoptotic rate cannot be attributed to tissue culture conditions In the healthy control Available online http://arthritis-research.com/content/5/5/R292...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 01:23

... elevated production of TGF-β from tolerized lymphocytes as well, and it would therefore be very interesting to investigate the role of Th3 cells In order to further define the characteristics of cells ... agents, the plates were incubated with previously collected supernatants for hour at room temperature The plates were then washed and incubated for hour at room temperature with biotinconjugated rat ... function that are involved in the induction of peripheral tolerance in an orally tolerized mouse model of arthritis R218 Our findings indicate that the serum levels of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 01:23

... when the body is threatened by infection or injury In this setting T cells will become activated, and will recruit other T cells and other inflammatory cells and mediators to the site As the response ... death, TR cells lead to the induction of T regulator (Tr1) cells and Th3 cells, which feed back to inhibit inflammation, and the TR cells inhibit proliferation of antigen-specific and bystander ... differentiating into TR cells following activation are derived from a separate lineage of CD4+ T cells, and whether their induction is a result of the initial activation early in the inflammatory...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 01:24

... of Treg cells [37] With this in mind, it could be interesting to investigate whether the accumulated Treg cells in patients with arthritis function properly in vivo and whether these patients ... foreign antigen mBSA clearly demonstrates that their suppressive effect is not strictly limited to autoreactive T cells Taking into consideration that Treg cells are also critically involved in the ... of the T- cell compartment is still activated 14 days after intra-articular antigen challenge in the absence of Treg cells Compatible with these findings is that the production of cytokines in...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 06:22

... might not be a feasible option treatment decreases the infiltrate in joints Furthermore, RA patients relapse shortly after withdrawal of anti-TNF-α [19] and thus, despite the dampening of joint inflammation ... that Treg isolated from patients with active RA before treatment with anti-TNF-α were unable to suppress proinflammatory cytokine secretion from activated T cells and monocytes After anti-TNF-α treatment ... CD4+CD25+ Treg had a suppressive function and accumulated in the inflamed joint [14 17] One of these studies even reported that CD4+CD25+ Treg isolated from joints of patients with active arthritis...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 06:23

... intact in cultures without antigen-presenting cells The functional activity of both patient and healthy control Tregs, however, was decreased in the presence of the patient’s antigen-presenting ... Overproduction of type I interferons in SLE matures dendritic cells (DCs) into immunogenic antigen-presenting cells that strongly contribute to the T- cell and B-cell hyperactivity characteristic of this ... not be able to overcome the strength of T- cell stimulation or the inhibitory effects of proinflammatory cytokines produced by other cells It is known that strong Toll-like receptor stimulation...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 13:22

... attenuated inflammatory response The contribution of γδ T cells to epithelial regeneration in the intestine is not evident in the airways Competing interests The author(s) declare that they have ... representing less than 10% of the total T cells in the lung and are described as being virtually absent from the bronchial epithelium itself [18] This observation is consistent with the finding that ... γδ T cells in determining the magnitude of the inflammatory response to acute epithelial injury and in maintaining and repairing the epithelial barrier [16] Chen et al have found that a deficiency...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 15:20

... subset distinct from Th1 and Th2 cells [5,6] The major transcription factors that regulate differentiation of Th17 cells are RORgt and RORa [7] Cytokines produced by Th17 cells are highly pro-inflammatory ... those of the control, both in the CD4+ and CD8+ compartments Investigation into whether all IL -17+ T cells were limited to the IL-23R + subset revealed that IL -17 + T cells exhibited both an IL-23R ... correlation between percentages of IL-23R+ T cells and IL -17+ T cells, and IL -17+ T cells and SLEDAI scores were found in active SLE patients Taken together, this study suggests that the IL23/IL-17...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 15:22

... performed the statistical analysis and contributed to the interpretation of the data JW and BDvdM contributed to the aquisition and interpretation of RTPCR experiments PCL contributed to concept and ... design, interpretation of data CGMK contributed to concept and design, interpretation of data and revising the article MB contributed to concept and design, inclusion SLE patients, interpretation ... BCL6 and ROR- t, respectively, was determined in isolated unstimulated T- cells and stimulated T- cells To test whether B- and T- cells are susceptible for IL-21 signalling we analysed the proportion...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 18:20

... and mature DCs, resulting in tolerogenic interaction with T cells in SIT We found that the combination of DNA vaccination with Fc and OVA had better effects onOVAinduced alterations in the spleen ... pathway of regulation of type immunity in asthma Competing interests The authors declare that they have no competing interests Authors' contributions YL performed all analyses and wrote the initial ... maintained in the culture medium and incubated overnight at 37°C in a 5% CO2 atmosphere After incubation, DCs with the adherence capacity in the first hours of culture become nonadherent and float in the...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 19:22