origin and evolution of double entry bookkeeping

... contributes to a better understanding of the mechanisms of evolution and biological functions of the S100 gene family. 2. MATERIALS AND METHODS 2.1. Sequences and positions on the chromosomes ... Original article Chromosomal mapping, differential origin and evolution of the S100 gene family Xuan SHANG, Hanhua CHENG * , Rongjia ZHOU * Department of Genetics and Center for ... EF-hand proteins while the N-terminal EF-hand differs from the classical EF-hand motif and constitutes a special characteristic of the S100 proteins. S100 proteins exhibit a unique pattern of

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 13:22

... inflation of the lower part of the corolla tube, position of the anther and filament relative to the ovary and style, type of anther dehiscence, exsertion of the style with curvature type of style ... anther and filament relative to the ovary and style and type of anther dehiscence, exsertion of the style with curvature type of style tip, and dorsoventrally equal/unequal development of the ... tetrandrous flowers and long corolla tubes Ancestral area reconstruction shows that the geographic origin of Petrocosmea lies east and southeast of the Himalaya-Tibetan plateau Functional and evolutionary

Ngày tải lên: 26/05/2020, 21:32

... best proof Among the factors that will make one proof better than another are the shortness of the proof, the plausibility and salience of the axioms used, a smaller number of assumptions, and the ... areas of language that are quite clearly relatively recent cultural inventions These include the grammar of numbers, of clock and calendar terms, and of personal names, and the language of mathematics ... Robin, 1996 Grooming, Gossip and the Evolution of Language Faber and Faber, London Engel, Andreas K., and Wolf Singer, 2001 “Temporal Binding and the Neural Correlates of Sensory Awareness”, Trends

Ngày tải lên: 18/10/2022, 05:00

... analyses and designed the Datab’Hox database MT-C and MV constructed the evolutionary scenarios, and MV performed the phylogenetic analyses MV, VL and LL participated in the design and coordination of ... fish [39] Although the origin and evolution of the Hox and ParaHox genes have been addressed by a huge number of studies over this last decade, several fundamental and unsolved questions remain ... To further investigate the evolution of Hox genes and the usefulness of HoxPred for its study, we applied the three new versions of HoxPred on a comprehensive dataset of 10,538 homeodomain sequences,

Ngày tải lên: 01/11/2022, 08:30

... members of this superfamily may offer clues about the evolution of some metabolic pathways, and show the evolutionary history of different organisms: for example, ER was recruited from MDR and incorporated into ... of FASs exist and each possesses different and unrelated ER Thus, the ER member of the MDR superfamily is one of seven... changes of function Mechanisms of evolution in MDR ... three main clusters of subfamilies (macrofamilies) are indicated with roman numerals and the name of each family and subfamily is abbreviated. Grey pins mark the boundaries of protein families;

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 07:20

... Levels of components of the TLR-4 signaling pathway, of LPS and of different inflammatory, oxidative/nitrosative and anti-inflammatory mediators were measured by RT-PCR, western blot and/ or ELISA ... cortex of rats exposed to an animal model of depression. This activa- tion occurs with increased levels of the pro-inflamma- tory cytokine IL-1b and of one of the main enzymatic sources of inflammatory ... of pro- inflammatory cytokines, expression of COX-2 and, as a co-factor, activity of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), which reduces levels of 5-HT, a hallmark of depression. On the other hand,

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 22:20

... area of × mm2, a step size of 0.5 × 0.5 mm2 (X × Y) Results and discussion Characterization and evolution process of Ag nanofilms To investigate the evolution of the nanostructured Ag films and ... characteristic SERS bands of arsenate appear at approximately 780 and 420 cm-1, and the former possesses higher SERS intensity By comparing the peak heights of the approximately 780 cm-1 band of the SERS ... biological molecules on metal colloid II: effects of aggregation of gold colloid and comparison of effects of pH of glycine solutions between gold and silver colloids Appl Spectrosc 1999, 53:1440

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 04:20

... this book we give an overview of the various areas of software visu- alization, the art and science of generating visual representations of various aspects of software and its development process. ... three aspects of software discussed in Chaps 3, 4 and 5: structure, behavior and evolution Each of these three chapters discusses the visualization of one of these aspects ... Visualizing the Evolution of Software Systems 129 5.1 VisualizingChangesinSoftwareMetrics 130 5.1.1 SeeSoft 131 5.1.2 RevisionTowers 135 5.1.3 TheEvolutionMatrix 135 5.2 VisualizingSoftwareArchives

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 21:10

... and Candicans), of E2 (virulent to Robusta and Ogy and avirulent to Candicans), and of E3 (virulent to Robusta and Candicans and avirulent to Ogy). If the 3 test clones ... (Pinon and Peulon, 1989). In Australia, several races of M medusae Thuem and M larici-populina were de- scribed (Sharma and Heather, 1976; Chandrashekar and Heather, 1980) and ... (and probably in western Europe), E2 exists at least in the northern half of France, in Belgium and in the Netherlands and E3 is present in the east of France and

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 23:22

... may reflect a shared evolutionary heritage or convergent strategies for handling and metabolizing double- stranded RNAs. Distinct characteristics of miRNA pathways in plants and animals What is ... existence of similar numbers of evolutionarily emergent miRNA genes. In light of broad transcription across euchromatin of plants and animals [125,126], including substantial amounts of transcribed ... characteristics of the evolution of plant and animal miRNAs. In particular, the co -evolution of target:miRNA pairs is common in plants, whereas it seems much more common for animal miRNAs to emerge and

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 22:24

... A-subgenomes of TM-1 and Hai7124, 62.5% (10 out of 16) had a higher evolutionary rate in TM-1 than in Hai7124, 31.25% (5 of 15) and were reversed and 6.25% (1 of 16, ACT1) showed an equivalent evolutionary ... identify the structural difference of duplicated genes, and 3) reveal the expression and evolution of fiber qual- ity differences between upland and sea-island cotton. To complete this study, ... http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2229/11/40 Page 2 of 15 G. herbaceum and the A-subgenomes of TM-1 and Hai7124, the other including G. raimondii and the D-subgenomes of TM-1 and Hai7124, were formed for 15 genes

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 11:21

... Anderson LJ, Bellini WJ: Antigenic analysis of current wild type and vaccine strains of measles virus. J Infect Dis 1994, 170:795-801. 44. Cox NJ, Black RA, Kendal AP: Pathways of evolution of ... estimated time of divergence of the A subgroup into A1 and A2 was 51 years (95% HPD 38-92) and between B1 and B2 subgroups 40 years (95% HPD 38-97). Similar analysis using the limited number of available ... 2001 and 2003 [55]. Analysis of complete genome sequences from HMPV strains obtained over many years would provide the most robust estimates of genetic diversity and evolution. Our phylogenetic and

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 04:20

... composed of two identical cpcB-A oper- ons encoding the C-PC α- and β-subunits and of genes encod- ing three rod linkers, one rod-core linker and two types of phycobilin lyases (CpcT and CpcE/F; ... Photograph of representative cultured strains of the major pigment types (1-3) and subtypes (3a-c) of marine Synechococcus grown under low white light and (b) corresponding absorption properties of ... density gradients and isoelectric focusing to isolate PC, PEI and/ or PEII from a number of other strains and then have determined their optical properties (Figures 2 and 3 and Table 1). The PC

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 08:20

... sequenced organ- isms of Actinobacteria, Spirochaetes, Chloroflexi, Aquificae and Acidobacteria, some of which have selenoproteins, and present in Bacteroidetes and Cyanobacteria, some of which lack ... considwhichdifferentfile data andof different organisms traits selenoprofamilies containsof andon... biotechnological use Biochim Biophys Acta 2005, 1726:1-13 Gladyshev VN, Kryukov GV: Evolution of selenocysteine- ... between selenoprotein origin and loss, and may account for the discrepancy between catalytic advantages provided by Sec and the observed low number of selenoprotein families and Sec-utilizing organisms.

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 17:22

... units of HDB flats. This accounted for a significant 24.5 percent of the occupancy of 185,325 units of HDB flats constructed within this timeframe, and the impact of land acquisitions and clearances ... Bukit Timah and the leader of the influential Factory and Shop Workers‟ Union and Middle Road Group of Unions which participated in the riots), and Lim Yew Hock (Minister for Labor and Welfare) ... intrusion of social control into the realm of personal finance. The coercive techniques of forced resettlements and land acquisitions; persuasive technologies of modern mass high-rise public housing and

Ngày tải lên: 16/10/2015, 15:36

... THESIS SME Selection of International Markets and Choice of Foreign Entry Modes A Case Study of AB Älvsbyhus Gunnar Backlund Sabrina Suikki Luleå University of Technology BSc and MSc Programmes ... Choice of Foreign Entry Modes 39 5.3.1 5.3.2 External factors influencing choice of foreign entry modes 40 Internal factors influencing choice of foreign entry modes 41 Findings and Conclusions ... choice of entry mode is just the first stage in a strategic plan for the international markets Different types of entry modes provide different types of risks, control and flexibility Entry modes

Ngày tải lên: 08/11/2016, 13:16

... captions. Peter Coles and Francesco Lucchin London, October 1994 Cosmology The Origin and Evolution of Cosmic Structure Second Edition Peter Coles School of Physics & Astronomy, University of Nottingham, ... Fundamentals of General Relativity The strongest force of nature on large scales is gravity, so the most important part of a physical description of the Universe is a theory of gravity. The best candidate we ... hydrodynamical processes, stellar formation and evolution, chemical evolution of galaxies. Many observational tar- gets have also been set: the detection of candidate dark-matter particles in the galactic...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 13:34

... C, to be of negligible mass and for the ratio of the masses of A and B to exceed 25. In such cases small displacements of body C from L and L do not become unbounded and, of course, A and B ex- ecute ... plausible mechanism for the origin of the solar system and their strengths and weaknesses are analysed. The only theory to essay a com- plete picture of the origin and evolution of the solar system is ... Astronomy The Origin and Evolution of the Solar System M M Woolfson Department of Physics University of York, UK Institute of Physics Publishing Bristol and Philadelphia 26 The structure of the Solar...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 13:35

... C, to be of negligible mass and for the ratio of the masses of A and B to exceed 25. In such cases small displacements of body C from L and L do not become unbounded and, of course, A and B ex- ecute ... overview of the main features of the system of planets. The treat- ment will be particularly relevant to the study of solar-system cosmogony. Factors relating to the origin of stars and their evolution ... similar to, and different from, terrestrial materials are a very important source of information about the origin of the Earth and of the Solar System. A detailed description of meteorites and their...

Ngày tải lên: 24/04/2014, 17:26

... protein domains and is a way of easily increasing the number of TFs, as appears to have occurred through evolution. Functionality can be linked to structure, as is the case of DNA-binding and Zn finger ... cut-off k c . By using this algorithm, both hubs and connectors among hubs are retained. Acknowledgements Thanks to Dr J. Aldana-Montes and members of Kha- os group research of the University of ... in order of increasing degree in random webs [61]. Compared with pure random ER and SF networks, bio- molecular webs show the characteristic modular and hierar- chical organization of biological...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 07:20