organizing the public sector to improve pharmaceutical performance

... the application of business -sector accounting models in the municipal sector, and the formation of profit-making municipal enterprises More specifically, the paper aims to determine whether these ... in which there was a reference to the application of the Accounting Act of 1973, reformed in 1997 (1336/1997) Taken together, these two Acts meant that the municipal sector adopted the accrual ... ACCOUNTING IN THE PUBLIC SECTOR 111 value of such assets are exacerbated in the public sector because the assets are usually very large and their life may be extended indefinitely when they are irreplaceable...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 16:20

... per the IR score The information retrieval step is the most time consuming task in the whole system The time taken depends upon various factors like size of the index to search in, length of the ... and Marcu (2005) uses a bilingual lexicon to translate some of the words of the source sentence These translations are then used to query the database to find matching translations using information ... building the index as provided by the toolkit English stop words, i.e frequently used words, such as “a” or the , are normally not indexed because they are so common that they are not useful to query...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 20:20

... OCLC FirstSearch (1995 to October 2009), EThOS (British Library), Index to Theses (1716 to October 2009), Intute, HMIC - Ovid (1979 to October 2009), SIGLE, Scopus (1823 to October 2009) Search strategies ... change [5] It is therefore timely and important to review the literature on the effectiveness of strategies to change organisational culture in order to improve healthcare performance The objectives ... methods to change organisational culture to improve healthcare performance However, given the multiplicity of measures [1,12], it may be the case that researchers need to continue to work to establish...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 10:23

... declared their willingness to participate in this study, and to assign them randomly to one of the two intervention arms The baseline data collection will take place at the beginning of the study ... refers to periodic monitoring of the general and oral health status of patients The main purpose of ROEs is to prevent the onset of oral diseases and/or prevent further progression This allows the ... professional performance (recall intervals between successive ROEs, total number of radiographs, both based on individual risk assessment) Oral care unrelated to the topic of the interventions within the...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 05:22

... C TO CL CJ -3 "3 u c c £ TO "3 TO OL ^CJ CJ TO to Q "3 TO y CJ P b •3 CJ TO C •3 TO C/) CJ C TO CJ CO c e.\ y CJ re 3 CJ C •3 •3 CJ ^ to TO TO CJ kTO ^ CJ CJ £f - CJ TO ^ "3 CJ CJ C o _c TO ... good performances Hondeghem (Hondeghem, 2002) claims that the reasons of these ideas in the public sector are related to the fact that in the rapidly changing public sector it is difficult to recruit ... CJ CJ TO -D -3 CJ TO t? c^ C ^ TO TO CJ - »^ • TO -C c_' -3 > y o to CJ _TO 'y j£ TO TO ^ CJ iverx CJ '^ CJ c ^ CJ and res > TO serxi c CJ CJ CL CJ k CJ TO TO CJ CJ k3 ir u c TO " ^ :H TO f3...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2015, 12:54

... with the need for greater process flexibility that are found in the public sector to meet the needs of the customer In some cases, the limited range of Lean tools in use in the public sector may ... people see the end to end process to realise the benefits • get people thinking a different way about the organisation • introduce the tools from the private sector to the public sector • become ... of the tools need to be adapted to cope with the need for greater process flexibility to meet the needs of the customer In other cases, it may be that the service sector has yet to understand the...

Ngày tải lên: 29/06/2016, 09:40

... Program, 2004-2005 The Appraisal of Development Expenditures Project appraisal and risk management for the public sector A IDEA AND PROJECT DEFINITION KEY QUESTIONS: a Where is the demand? b is ... throughout the project’s life? b What are the key variables? c What are the sources of RISK? d How can the RISK be reduced Cao Hao Thi Fulbright Economics Teaching Program, 2004-2005 The Appraisal ... Development Expenditures Project appraisal and risk management for the public sector C FEASIBILITY STUDY Focus is on improving accuracy of the key Variables Alternatives for reducing risk are examined...

Ngày tải lên: 20/12/2013, 18:15

... showsmembership figures for the largest private sector unions today Table 1.2 displays public and private sector union membership state by B Factors Contributing to Private -Sector UnionDecline The fading fortunes ... Relations in the Public Sector PUBLIC ADMINISTRATIONAND PUBLIC POLICY A Comprehensive Publication Program Executive Editor JACKRABIN Professorof Public Administration Public Policy and School PublicAffairs ... several factors that havecontributed significantly to unionization: (1) the growthof government, (2) the private sector experience,(3) changes the public sector legal environin ment, and (4) the social...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 06:22

... methods, and the demands of public service are stretching the capability of the public sector to respond The pressures on public sector employees are complicated by the retirement of the baby boomers ... all organizations and to customize them to fit the language, the purposes, and the culture of the public sector The most well-known and successful assessment program is the Baldrige National ... this book to be a supplement to the excellent work that they and applaud the steps taken to bring formal assessment processes to the public sector I would also like to acknowledge the leadership...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 05:20

... PUBLIC SECTOR INTERNAL AUDITING 3.1 As is true for all internal auditors, public sector internal auditors are called upon to assist organizations in improving their operations The public sector ... strong public sector governance foundation Most public sector internal auditors also play a role in their entity’s accountability to the public as part of the check-and-balance process 3.2 The diverse ... operates allows the internal auditor to be sufficiently autonomous and objective to the extent that the external auditor can use the work of the internal auditor This is equivalent to the assessment...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 18:20

... thay đổi tổ chức tổ chức công (Theories about Organizational change in Public Organization)  Các nhân tố đóng góp vào thay đổi thành công (Factors contribute to successful change) LÝ THUYẾT ... thách thức nhiệm kì lãnh đạo thường ngắn làm cho cam kết không mãnh mẽ giá trị (wane) F Theo đuổi thay đổi to n diện (Pursue Comprehensive Change)  Sự thay đổi phải trải rộng tất phận tổ chức ... lạc văn hay miệng hình thức tham gia tích cực nhân viên Yếu tố 1: Đảm bảo tính cấp thiết (Ensure the Need) • Một số nghiên cứu khác chứng minh hiệu việc thuyết phục thông qua trình trao đổi liên...

Ngày tải lên: 16/04/2014, 02:30

... 2005, the country's ability to translate such funding into improved and equitable health outcomes was threatened by the lack of sufficient human resources in the health sector: in the public sector ... including the reason for leaving The list of reasons included resignation, retirement, death and transfer to another health facility within the public sector The data collection took place in October ... Attrition is due to a number of reasons, including retirement, death, dismissal and voluntary resignation by health workers who leave the public health sector to work in the private sector, for more...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 17:20

... increasingly to European countries and Japan The exported fish must meet sanitary requirements in these markets A major variable in producers' capacity to control the inputs to fish ponds is the water ... impacts Hence, there are lessons to be learnt from other forms of aquaculture, in particular the need to address environmental issues that can impact on the sustainability of the industry even ... is lending either from bank or their neighbours hence they are concerned about threats to the viability of the operation Survey of farmers' practices on fishpond waste treatment: The survey of...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 04:20

... shown the employee how to the task, then had the individual explain the steps in the task in his or her own words, then asked the person to the work to show you comprehension of it, and left the ... Consequently, when she and the product manager came up with the idea to market the tools in grocery stores to housewives who had small repairs to do, Sophie looked forward to the planning meeting at ... customer rep with the company, her rise to management, and her goals for the department Then, Leslie discussed some of the rules she expected staff to follow Most important, there was the need to...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 13:20

... starkly to their attention Even then, however, they may nothing They make the mistake of not doing anything because they see counseling as too time- 76 COUNSELING intensive They think it is easier to ... an effort to turn around the situation—if, for no other reason, than to justify subsequent termination in the event that there is no change in performance 73 74 COUNSELING There is another reason ... adapted to counseling: The goal is to remedy poor performance, not to demean a person Annoyance is directed at the work and not at the employee It is based on a genuine desire to see the individual...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 13:20

... was the rating Todd gave her the first year the two worked together Phyllis promised 90 COUNSELING Todd that she would improve, and together they set intermediate standards as a first step toward ... dramatic that Todd decided to give her a to continue to motivate her the second year the two worked together Resuming Old, Bad Habits Immediately thereafter, Phyllis’s performance began to decline ... situation, then you can tell her that you will look further into the matter, then get back to her (Parenthetically, if the employee is lying, the knowledge that you will follow up with other parties to...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 13:20

... will change their behavior or improve their job performance At this point, the biggest mistake you can make is not to take the action you told the employee you would have to take if the behavior ... act together, as he asked her to do, Alice told him that she expected him to get his act together by Monday of the next week or she would suspend him for a week She also wanted him to visit the ... Should there be no improvement in the employee’s performance, issue a warning memo that describes exactly the nature of the performance problem, past discussions about the performance, and the actions...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 13:20

... mentor might want to end the mentoring relationship, including the possibility that the top performer has outgrown the mentor Yes, it is possible for you to mentor a talented employee to the ... ´ ´ mentor the same interaction with a protege as face -to- face communications, the mentor has to rely on the remote control that comes from respect for the mentor The mentor can begin to foster ... closely with the most important elements in a mentoring relationship: trust and mutual respect These are the cornerstones of a successful mentorship The mentee has to trust the mentor to MENTOR AS...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 13:20

... cwnd for a timeout To calculate the jitter, the TCP sender has to store the sending time of each segment and the receiver has to report the segment receiving time in each ACK to the sender TCP TIBET ... 2.3 Another End -to- End Schemes There are the end -to- end schemes which not use the three techniques TCP-DCR [19] is one of them TCP-DCR delays a response to congestion by one RTT after the first ... background traffic to the network along the path of a TCP connection The background traffic follows the Pareto distribution whose mean rate is Mbps and the shape parameter is set rather high as two to induce...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 20:20

... affect the public sector audit market in unique ways (Copley 1989; Robertset al 1990) Like audit failures in the private sector, audit quality deficiencies in the public sector threaten the public' s ... private sector research is generalizable to the public sector The theoretical frameworkdeveloped in this study is based primarilyon private sector research and will be empirically tested to determine ... determine the merits of generalizing various conclusions about private sector audit quality to the public sector DeAngelo (1981a) defines audit quality as the probabilitythat an auditor will both...

Ngày tải lên: 06/01/2015, 19:42