organic chemistry of explosives free download
Tài liệu THE VOCABULARY AND CONCEPTS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY pptx
... edition One of the most obvious of these is in the title, which has been expanded to The Vocabulary and Concepts of Organic Chemistry in recognition of the fact that in addressing the language of a ... scholarship He had an enormous grasp of the literature of organic chemistry and his profound knowledge of foreign languages improved our literary grasp Professor Fred Kaplan also made invaluable ... to bond with atomic orbitals of other atoms, they help to determine the shape of the molecule formed Example In much of organic (carbon) chemistry, the 2s orbital of carbon is mixed with: (a)...
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Fundamentals of organic chemistry
... bridge from general chemistry to your beginning study of organic chemistry Once you have a firm understanding of structure, the puzzle of organic chemistry can become one of very manageable size ... OMPOUNDS 1.1 AND C HEMICAL B ONDS INTRODUCTION Organic chemistry is the study of the compounds of carbon The compounds of carbon are the central substances of which all living things on this planet ... some of these sugars, together with inorganic phosphates, combined with purines and pyrimidines to become simple molecules of ribonucleic acids (RNAs) and DNA We live in an Age of Organic Chemistry: ...
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dyker - handbook of c-h transformations [organic chemistry] (wiley, 2005)
... Effects in Organic Chemistry 2003, ISBn 3-527-30618-8 Handbook of CH Transformations Applications in Organic Synthesis Volume Edited by Gerald Dyker Editors Prof Gerald Dyker Department of Chemistry ... Wuppertal Germany List of Contributors Robin B Bedford School of Chemistry University of Exeter Stocker Road EX4 4QD Exeter UK Robert G Bergman Department of Chemistry University of California, Berkeley ... Parma Italy Catherine S J Cazin School of Chemistry University of Exeter Stocker Road EX4 4QD Exeter UK Naoto Chatani Department of Applied Chemistry Faculty of Engineering Osaka University, Suita...
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advanced laboratory manual of organic chemistry
... product of the reaction is ^-nitroso-o-cresol« OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 17 54 g of o-cresol are dissolved in liters of ice-water in a battery jar provided with an adequate mechanical stirrer, and 34 g of ... Bighta Reserved Press of J, J Uttte & Ivos Company HOT York, U S L TO N T H PREFACE In the field of organic chemistry there are a number of elementary laboratory manuals, any one of which may be ... 15, 41 (1893) OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 35 Ethylation 27 g of m-acetaminophenol are dissolved in 180 cc of normal potassium hydroxide solution, warmed to 50-60 , and shaken with 23 cc of diethyl sulfate,*...
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the synthetic use of metals in organic chemistry
... development of Organic Chemistry, and during recent years, much attention has been given to the use of magnesium in the Grrignard reaction and to the value of the carbides in the fixation of atmospheric ... student of Organic Chemistry will probably be impressed at an early stage with the importance of metallic sodium and its compounds in synthetic work, and will subsequently mark the value of such ... reduction and synthesis of organic compounds in tlio presence of reduced nickel and other metals has, by development, led to the discovery of numerous catalytic changes in the presence of certain metallic...
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chemistry of soil organic matter
... distribution of organic sulfur in soil 275 Forms of organic sulfur 276 278 Amount and distribution of organic sulfur 279 Effect of soil forming ... sequence of events appears to be HA - FA , EXTRACTION OF HUMIC SUBSTANCES The organic matter content of soils may range from less than 0.1% in desert soils to close to 100.0% in organic soils In inorganic ... that the magnitude of the E4/E6 ratio is related to the degree of condensation of the aromatic C network, with a low ratio indicative of a relatively high degree of condensation of aromatic humic...
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gattermann - laboratory methods of organic chemistry
... knowledge of the incessant progress in the methods of organic chemistry and at the same time to become familiar with the most recent results of research work For these reasons a series of changes ... the principle of fractional distillation is applied in the manufacture of spirit and in the isolation of aromatic hydrocarbons from the light oil of coal-tar Mixtures of liquids of higher boiling ... of partition of organic substances between water and lipins (these are fat-like constituents of the cell wall) is of great importance in biological processes (H H Meyer and Overton's theory of...
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rauk - orbital interaction theory of organic chemistry 2e (wiley, 2001)
... Terms of and / 96 Gross Classi®cation of Molecules on the Basis of MO Energies / 96 REACTIONS AND PROPERTIES OF p BONDS Reactions of Ole®ns (Alkenes) / 98 E¨ect of X: Substituents / 99 E¨ect of ... Theory of Organic Chemistry, Second Edition Arvi Rauk Copyright ( 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc ISBNs: 0-471-35833-9 (Hardback); 0-471-22041-8 (Electronic) ORBITAL INTERACTION THEORY OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY ... many of the problems These serve as further examples to the reader of the application of the principles of orbital interaction theory Arvi Rauk Calgary, Canada Orbital Interaction Theory of Organic...
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development of independent creativity for students of the universities of technology via teaching and studying organic chemistry.
... reality of using positive teaching methods in teaching organic chemistry in technical universities (chemistry and medical majors) + Organic chemistry program in technical universities (chemistry ... creative of students For that reason, many students felt no interest in studying 1.7.2 Organic chemistry program in technical universities 1.7.2.1 Content of Organic chemistry program in chemistry ... creativity competency of students Carry out studying the content of organic chemistry program in chemistry and medical major of technical universities - Surveyed the actual state of using positive...
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ORGANIC AND PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY OF POLYMERS phần 1 docx
... ORGANIC AND PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY OF POLYMERS ORGANIC AND PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY OF POLYMERS Yves Gnanou Michel Fontanille A JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC., PUBLICATION ORGANIC AND PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY OF ... methodologies of physical chemistry Organic and Physical Chemistry of Polymers by Yves Gnanou and Michel Fontanille provides a unique approach to combine fundamentals of organic and physical chemistry ... used in organic chemistry, with a rotation π/2 of the line representing the main chain However, in the case of polymers, it is the relative configuration of † The term valence of monomers or of monomeric...
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ORGANIC AND PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY OF POLYMERS phần 2 ppt
... the variation of the free energy of mixing ( Gmix ) as a function of the volume fraction of component for various values of the interaction parameter χ12 A symmetrical variation of Gmix is observed ... Figure 4.2 Variation of the average free energy of mixing (in RT units) as the function of volume fraction of the aqueous solution for various values of χ12 and the degree of polymerization X ... diagram of a macromolecular solution whose phase separation occurs through a decrease of temperature (UCST) 2: Variation of the average free energy of mixing as a function of the volume fraction of...
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ORGANIC AND PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY OF POLYMERS phần 3 ppsx
... the variation of the probability P of presence of monomeric units belonging to an assembly of polymeric chains as a function of their distance R to a reference point the concept of free volume ... point of view, the regular folding of the chains is the result of a compromise between the increase of the free energy of the system related to torsional and longitudinal oscillations of extended ... exclusively on the number of solute molecules 6.1.2.1 Origin of the Osmotic Pressure The differential of the free energy corresponds to the variation of the free energy Gi of the various molecular...
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ORGANIC AND PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY OF POLYMERS phần 4 pptx
... ]wi i 188 DETERMINATION OF MOLAR MASSES AND STUDY OF CONFORMATIONS & MORPHOLOGIES The viscosity of a sample is thus the mass average of viscosities of the collection of chains present in the ... hydrodynamic volume of g of the polymer analyzed within the limit of infinite dilutions Insofar as relations can be established between the hydrodynamic volume of a polymer of a given conformation ... the case of the free flow and that of impermeable chains Depending on the degree of friction between the solvent and the chain, Q · f (Q) varies from values close to 0, in the case of free draining...
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ORGANIC AND PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY OF POLYMERS phần 5 potx
... dispersity of their molar masses Because the number of chains is determined by the number of molecules of initiator, the degree of polymerization of chains can be easily expressed as a function of the ... certain number of systems For example, in the case of the free radical polymerization of styrene one has: (Eap − Eat /2) ∼ 27 kJ·mol−1 The energy of activation of dissociation for most of the initiators ... determination of f is difficult and often inaccurate The method most often used consists in comparing the number of primary free radicals formed by decomposition of the initiator with the number of primary...
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ORGANIC AND PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY OF POLYMERS phần 6 doc
... comparison of a pKa of 41 with that of water which is the conjugated acid of metal hydroxides gives an idea of the very high reactivity of the conjugate base This imposes that monomers are free of electrophilic ... constant of free ions (kp− ) The stereochemistry of the propagation step closely depends on the polarity of the solvent and on the nature of the counterion For polymerizations involving free ions, ... instance, the rate constant of propagation of ion pairs, the rate constant of free ions, and the constant of dissociation for polystyrylsodium (PS− ,Na+ ) in tetrahydrofuran solution at 25◦ C are...
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ORGANIC AND PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY OF POLYMERS phần 7 docx
... surface free energy of the crystal When crystallization occurs, we have Gc = G∞ + s i Gi where Gc is the specific free energy of crystal formation, G∞ is the specific free energy of formation of a ... the specific free energy of formation of i faces of the crystal This last term is always positive; and when Gc is plotted versus the size of the crystal, one obtains ∆Gc ∆Gcb size of the crystal ... (Co)polymerization of macromonomers 10.3.2.1 ‘‘Grafting from’’ Method This method consists of taking advantage of the presence of reactive sites on a polyA backbone to initiate the polymerization of a monomer...
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ORGANIC AND PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY OF POLYMERS phần 8 ppsx
... high rates of shearing with a value of about 102 , 105 , and 107 s−1 , respectively The decrease of η with high values of γ enables high rates of pro˙ duction However, the viscosity of polymers ... types of viscometers DYNAMICS OF POLYMER MELTS 473 13.1.5 Hydrodynamic Theories and Interpretation of the Phenomena Like the viscosity of all other liquids, that of polymer melts is a function of ... the direction of deformation (0C) and the other one out -of- phase in advance of 90◦ From these elements, the storage modulus can be defined as the ratio of the in-phase component of the stress...
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