or time domain analysis approach

... sides of the resulting 60 TIME- DOMAIN ANALYSIS AND z TRANSFORM TABLE 2.2 Form of Input Function and Forced Response Input or Forcing Function Particular Function or Forced Response A(α)n , α = ... powerful algebraic method for the analysis of discrete -time systems described by any large number of equations in either the discrete -time domain or the z-transform domain We use this method to ... either one or both of these conditions may not be satisfied and other methods of analysis or design of systems are called for For example, finding a closed-form expression for a discrete -time signal...

Ngày tải lên: 29/09/2013, 21:20

Ngày tải lên: 07/04/2016, 08:20

... device can be foreseen to meet SR requirements (www.sdrforum.org) These points are of major importance in the SR world, in which the device should recognize, in the shortest possible time, the modes ... different training vectors for each network have been studied In particular, the vector v is available for the WV transform and is called vW , whereas it is vC for the CW transform NUMERICAL RESULTS ... 4 Frequency Frequency ×107 3 Time Time (a) (b) Figure 2: Time- frequency transforms of the two standards: (a) Bluetooth, (b) IEEE 802.11b Frequency Frequency Time Time (a) (b) Figure 3: (a) Wigner...

Ngày tải lên: 23/06/2014, 01:20

... behavior and the interest of individuals Social network analysis (SNA) is a quantitative analysis of relationships between individuals or organizations to identify most important actors, group formations ... both the structure of a co-author network and an author’s research interests for collaborator recommendation [8] CollabSeer suggests a different list of collaborators to different users by considering ... Social Network Analysis Approach 67 37 Xu, J.J., Chen, H.: Crimenet explorer: a framework for criminal network knowledge discovery ACM Trans Inf Syst 23(2), 201–226 (Apr 2005), http://doi.acm.org/...

Ngày tải lên: 09/10/2015, 08:37

... discrete -time Fourier transform theory So for time- domain analysis, we see that the DTFTIDTFT pair offers an advantage over the z-transform method, when the input signal is defined for −∞ < n < or −∞ ... second or in hertz) This author feels that Shannon deserved an award (such as the Nobel prize) for his seminal contributions to sampling theory and information theory 120 FREQUENCY -DOMAIN ANALYSIS ... FREQUENCY -DOMAIN ANALYSIS is defined for −∞ < n < or −∞ < n < ∞ In this case, the unilateral z transform of x(n) cannot be used Therefore we cannot find the output y(n) as the inverse z transform of...

Ngày tải lên: 29/09/2013, 21:20

... extreme cases of time- domain and frequency -domain representations The short -time Fourier transform (STFT) [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] and the Gabor transform [6] are the classical examples of linear time- frequency ... authors presented yet another formulation for designing time- varying filter banks using a different factorization of the paraunitary transform Chen and Vaidyanathan [18] reported a noncausal approach ... at all times c 1999 by CRC Press LLC FIGURE 37.2: The time- varying filter bank structure with time- varying filters and time- dependent down/up samplers One general method for analysis of time- varying...

Ngày tải lên: 22/01/2014, 12:20

... many optical sensors for RI detection have been proposed, including fiber grating sensors [2–4], fiber surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensors [5], photonics crystal waveguide sensors [6], microfibers-based ... measurement method using an optical time- domain reflectometer (OTDR)-based fiber sensor The proposed measuring scheme can detect the RI of different liquid organic chemicals according to the measured reflected ... lock-in-amplifiers as reported in [8] are not required The sensor head is a standard SMF and is easily replaceable; hence special and tailor-made sensors, such as using photonics crystal [6] or microfibers...

Ngày tải lên: 14/03/2014, 20:20

... is time dependent or not is time series regression (Bowerman and O’Connell, 1993) The polynomial time regression between dependent variable, yt and time is written as follows: Time series analysis ... understating of the time behavior of the series Fig.1 shows time series plot of selected time series air pollution concentration This Figure shows different time behavior of air pollutants For example, ... air pollutant are dependent on time or not but in air pollution time series analysis, it would be useful to find time periods of risky air pollution levels In order to compare different air pollutants...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 20:20

... discover that initially the recovery time for 2p 1s absorption actually increases with temperature Finally, T1 is six times the Larmor precession period for the g ϭ impurity spins in Si at the ... gave a value for the lifetime of T1 ϭ 205 Ϯ 18 ps This corresponds to a linewidth of 1/T1 ϭ 0.026 cmϪ1, that is, less, but not very much less, than the lowest value reported (3) for this transition ... the absorption spectrum and lifetimes for P-doped Si and As-doped Si samples The absorption spectrum was measured with a resolution of 0.25 cmϪ1 (0.03 meV) at 10 K The well known Lifetime (ps)...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 15:30

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 13:45

... discourse information The discourse processor was only able to provide sufficient information for reformulating 22% of the questions in terms of the task The reason is that this discourse processor only ... repair approach to achieve a 37% reduction in error rate over a corpus of noisy sentences A further evaluation demonstrates that this domain independent approach combines easily with available domain ... implications for the task each member or most of the members in the associated class have Thus, it is possible to compute what implications for the task are associated with the corresponding value for the...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 19:20

... used for the simulation The time step is 9:63 Â 10À18 s, which is determined according to the stability criteria of the FDTD algorithm The total number of time step is 5000 to sufficiently approach ... and time for each time step until the steady state is reached In the case of a sinusoidal source as used in this work, the steady state is reached when all scattered fields vary sinusoidally in time ... ideal conductor boundary conditions, there is no transverse electromagnetic wave (TEM or TE00 mode) that can be supported by a rectangular waveguide or a ridged waveguide Therefore, the TE10...

Ngày tải lên: 06/05/2014, 08:53

... used for the simulation The time step is 9:63 Â 10À18 s, which is determined according to the stability criteria of the FDTD algorithm The total number of time step is 5000 to sufficiently approach ... and time for each time step until the steady state is reached In the case of a sinusoidal source as used in this work, the steady state is reached when all scattered fields vary sinusoidally in time ... ideal conductor boundary conditions, there is no transverse electromagnetic wave (TEM or TE00 mode) that can be supported by a rectangular waveguide or a ridged waveguide Therefore, the TE10...

Ngày tải lên: 06/05/2014, 08:55

... The Methods of Time- Series Analysis The Frequency Domain and the Time Domain Harmonic Analysis Autoregressive and Moving-Average Models Generalised Harmonic Analysis ... a qth-order movingaverage model, and it is readily compared to an autoregressive model of the sort D.S.G POLLOCK: TIME- SERIES ANALYSIS depicted under (1.5) The more general pth-order autoregressive ... publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission...

Ngày tải lên: 27/05/2014, 02:44

... left-vector basis { k|| , σ |} Unfortunately, the right eigenvectors not in general form an orthonormal set, so the left ones must be found by inverting the matrix built with the right-vectors [17] ... use of FFT methods to evaluate (1.30) or (1.42) requires storing the fields in the computer memory for 1.2 The Finite-Difference Time- Domain Method 17 all times, which is usually prohibitive Alternatively, ... adding the contributions for each time slice” as time evolves, fields not need to be stored, but performing the fourier transform (FT) is computationally costly Therefore the best choice, depends...

Ngày tải lên: 29/05/2014, 18:40

... reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law, or under ... model A third important application of time series analysis is the ability to predict or forecast (unknown) time series observations in the future This aspect of time series analysis is discussed ... observations is the correlogram The correlogram is a graph containing correlations between an observed time series and the same time series shifted k time points into the future Thus, the correlogram of...

Ngày tải lên: 10/06/2014, 21:34

... other treatment support staff) or scheduled to return to the CD4 nurse for periodic monitoring until deemed HAART-eligible based on clinical and /or laboratory parameters The theoretical model of ... laboratory tests in compliance with the core competency guidelines developed for HIV service delivery by the WHO; however, they were not authorized to stage patients using WHO staging criteria or ... lead to more rapid information on patient status, more prompt identification of HAART-eligible patients, fewer losses to follow-up, and ultimately more rational use of limited staff time with...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 17:20

... 50°C for minutes, 95°C for minute, 45 cycles of 95°C for 15 seconds 55°C for 30 seconds and 72°C for 30 seconds Data analysis The ΔΔCT [23] method was used for initial data analysis Four biological ... respectively, indicating that these genes are generally less reliable for use as normalisers for QPCR assays According to this analysis the most reliable overall reference gene was PP1A with a sumv ... (PGK1), and BACT In order to accurately ascertain which housekeeping genes would be most reliable for use as normalisers in QPCR we subjected the data to analysis using the GeNorm tool [13] (Table...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 18:20

... volume of 25 µl Calculations Analysis was performed with the BestKeeper [6] and GeNorm [7] tools The ∆∆CT value was calculated as follows: First the ∆CT for each time point of probe assessment ... be expected for useful reference genes and a high SD for genes that are susceptible to virus replication Corresponding to the recent estimation the SD of the CT value was highest for Act in of ... to allow maximal infection as determined by immunofluorescence and real -time PCR [8-11] For kinetic studies, cells were harvested at several time points (table 1) and RNA was extracted The RNA...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 22:20

... supination, or pronation at their own pace and to hold the contraction at the defined effort level for s Subjects were given feedback on their effort level via either the force sensors or the torque ... amplitudes (or muscle contraction effort), and therefore patients with motor deficits use these effort levels to drive these machines Once MVC was established, subjects were asked to perform flexion, ... signal channels Investigation of Time- Domain Features Eleven frequently suggested time- domain features with high computational efficiency [10,12,15,26-28] for realtime EMG pattern recognition were...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 08:20