optimal multi paragraph text segmentation by dynamic programming

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 04:20

... attempted to segment multilingual texts by using text segmentation methods used for non-segmented languages. For this purpose, he used a gold standard of multilingual texts annotated by borders and ... adopt this value in our approach. 4 Segmentation by Dynamic Programming By applying the above methods, we propose a solu- tion to formula (1) through dynamic programming. 3 This modification means ... performance seems sufficient to justify its application to our main problem of text segmentation by language. 6.2 Text Segmentation by Language First, we report the results obtained using the Test 1 data...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 18:20

... varies slightly from text to text; as a heuristic it is the average paragraph length (in token-sequences). In practice, a value of k = 6 works well for many texts. Actual paragraphs are not ... almost correct but off by one paragraph, especially in the texts that the al- gorithm performs poorly on. When the block similarity algorithm is allowed to be off by one paragraph, there is dramatic ... analyzed in terms of multiple simultaneous information threads. This sec- tion describes two algorithms for discovering subtopic 11 MULTI- PARAGRAPH SEGMENTATION EXPOSITORY TEXT Marti A. Hearst...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 07:20

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 20:20

... Oct 28, 2003 Dynamic programming From the D&C Theorem, we can see that a recursive algorithm is likely to be polynomial if the sum of the sizes of the subproblems is bounded by kn. (Using ... Dynamic programming can be thought of as being the reverse of recursion. Recursion is a top-down mechanism we take a problem, split it up, and solve the smaller problems that are created. Dynamic ... without which it would not be possible for them to be multiplied. Also note that, while matrix multiplication is associative, matrix multiplication is not commutative. That is, N×M might not...

Ngày tải lên: 15/11/2012, 10:17

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 15:28

Ngày tải lên: 12/12/2013, 17:15

Ngày tải lên: 18/12/2013, 10:08

... ToolBox, công cụ Text Tool đứng độc lập và không cùng nhóm với công cụ nào. Công cụ Text Tool có hai kiểu đối tượng hiển thị Text là Artistic Text và Paragraph Text. • Để chọn công cụ Text Tool, ... tượng Text Tool trên thanh công cụ (ToolBox). Hoặc bạn nhấn phím F8 Paragraph Text: Paragraph Text là một đối tượng sử dụng chữ nghệ thuật trong công cụ Text Tool. Để tạo văn bản kiểu Paragraph ... thoại này trong phần Format Text) . • Edit Text: khi click chọn, hộp thoại Edit Text hiển thị giúp bạn nhập văn bản và chỉnh sửa. 8.2 .Paragraph Text Công cụ Text Tool giúp bạn thực hiện...

Ngày tải lên: 24/12/2013, 04:17

... S., Sjo È lander, K., Underwood, R. C. & Haussler, D. 2064 RNA Pseudoknot Prediction by Dynamic Programming A Dynamic Programming Algorithm for RNA Structure Prediction Including Pseudoknots ElenaRivasandSeanR.Eddy* Department ... polynomial com- plexity (although admittedly high). Having an optimal dynamic programming algorithm will enable extending other dynamic programming based methods that rigorously explore the confor- mationalspaceforRNAfolding(McCaskill,1990; Bonhoefferetal.,1993)topseudoknottedstruc- tures. Apart ... 7.0 G w I Generating a pseudoknot in a multiloop 13.0 G wh Overlapping pseudoknots 6.0 2062 RNA Pseudoknot Prediction by Dynamic Programming (1994). Stochastic context-free grammars for tRNA modeling....

Ngày tải lên: 12/01/2014, 22:07

... structure of text is an essential task in text understanding, especially in resolving anaphora and ellipsis. One of the constituents of the text struc- ture is a text segment. A text segment, ... inter- val of text. However, VMP does not work well on a high-density text. The reason is that coherence of a segment should be determined not only by reiteration of words but also by lexical ... This paper proposes a new indicator of text struc- ture, called the lexical cohesion profile (LCP), which locates segment boundaries in a text. A text segment is a coherent scene; the words...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 21:20

... caused by previous ones, and are irrelevant when the parser is on the wrong track. Dynamic programming turns out to be a great fit for early updating (see Section 4.3 for details). 3 Dynamic Programming ... (even with beam search) as op- posed to dynamic programming. We show that, surprisingly, dynamic programming is in fact possible for many shift-reduce parsers, by merging “equivalent” stacks based ... but not dynamic programming. that runs in (almost) linear-time, yet searches over a huge space with dynamic programming? Theoretically, the answer is negative, as Lee (2002) shows that context-free...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 00:20

... method for chunking Korean by combining the hand-crafted rules and a machine learning method. The chunk type of a word in question is determined by the rules, and then verified by the machine learning ... as the performance on English (Zhang et. al, 2001). Text Chunking by Combining Hand-Crafted Rules and Memory-Based Learning Seong-Bae Park Byoung-Tak Zhang School of Computer Science and Engineering Seoul ... the surrounding words, three words of left context and three words of right context are used for lexicons and POS tags, while two words of left context are used for chunk types. Since chunking...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 06:20

... Marti Hearst. 1997. TextTiling: Segmenting tex~ into multi- paragraph subtopic passages. Compu- tational Linguistics, 23(1):33-64. Michael Hoey. 1991. Patterns of Lexis in Text. Ox- ford University ... the purely string-based TextTiling algorithm (Hearst, 1997). 1 Background The notion of text cohesion rests on the intuition that a text is "held together" by a variety of inter- ... training corpus. In this case, it con- sisted mainly of news texts, while the texts in the experiment were scientific expository texts. A more homogeneous setting might have further improved...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 07:20

... programs. 2.1 Dynamic Programming Many algorithms in NLP involve dynamic pro- gramming (e.g., the Viterbi, forward-backward, 318 probabilistic Earley’s, and minimum edit distance algorithms). Dynamic programming ... this semiring general- izes many commonly-used semirings in dynamic programming (§6). 2 Background In this section, we discuss dynamic programming algorithms as semiring-weighted logic programs. We ... many structures to calculate marginals. We first review the semiring-weighted logic programming view of dynamic programming al- gorithms (Shieber et al., 1995) and identify an in- tuitive property...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 22:20

... and we measure semantic similarity by the Fisher kernel. Finally global best segmentation is achieved by dynamic programming. Experi- ments on Chinese data sets with the technique show it can ... its length and semantic similarity with its previ- ous block. Finally the segmentation points are de- cided by dynamic programming. 2.1 LDA Model We adopt LDA framework, which regards the cor- pus ... Introduction The aim of text segmentation is to partition a doc- ument into a set of segments, each of which is co- herent about a specific topic. This task is inspired by problems in information...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 17:20

... (a) parallel corpora (e.g., multiple translations of the same text) or (b) comparable texts (non-parallel but on the same topic). So far, only techniques based on parallel texts have successfully ... encounter comparable texts such as news on the same events reported by dif- ferent sources and papers on the same topic au- thored by different people. It is useful to recog- nize if one text cites another ... 2006. c 2006 Association for Computational Linguistics Adding Syntax to Dynamic Programming for Aligning Comparable Texts for the Generation of Paraphrases Siwei Shen , Dragomir R. Radev , Agam...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 01:20

... 59–68. Marti A. Hearst. 1994. Multi- paragraph segmentation of expository text. In Proc. of ACL’94. Oskari Heinonen. 1998. Optimal multi- paragraph text segmentation by dynamic programming. In Proc. of ... 1994). Therefore, a solution can be obtained by applying a dynamic programming (DP) algorithm. 4 DP algorithms have also been used for text segmentation by other researchers (Ponte and Croft, 1997; ... maximum- probability segmentation of a given text. This is a new approach for domain-independent text segmentation. A probabilistic approach, however, has already been proposed by Yamron, et al....

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 04:20

... the comparison of troughs placed by the segmentation algorithm to the segmentation points identified by the test subjects for all the texts. Discussion: The segmentation algorithm using word ... breaks between concatenated texts to evaluate the performance of text segmentation algorithms (Reynar, 1994; Stairmand, 1997). For each text, the troughs placed by the segmentation algorithm were ... Previous work on text segmentation has used term matching to identify clusters of related text. Salton and Buckley (1992) and later, Hearst (1994) extracted related text portions by matching high...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 04:20

... Combining multiple surface cues is effective for text segmentation. • The multiple regression analysis with the step- wise method is good for selecting the useful cues for text segmentation ... to be determined by intuition or trial and error. Since determining weights by hand is a labor-intensive task and the weights do not always to achieve optimal or even near -optimal performance(Rayner ... performance that is at least locally optimal. We begin by assuming the existence of training texts with the correct segment boundaries and use the method of multiple regres- sion analysis for...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 04:20