operating system principles 7th edition

... Host Operating System The JVM is typically implemented on top of a host operating system (see Pigure 2.17). This setup allows the JVM to bide the implementation details of the underlying operating ... the host operating system. For example, implementations of a. JVM for the Windows family of operating systems might use the Win32 API when creating Java threads; Linux and Solaris systems might ... be mapped to the underlying operating system, instead leaving that decision to the particular implementation.of the JVM. For example, the Windows XP operating system uses the one-to-one

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 22:21

... The operating system has several options at this point. It could terminate the user process. However, demand paging is the operating system& apos;s attempt to improve the computer system& apos;s ... The operating system determines where the desired page is residing on the disk but then finds that there are no free frames on the free-frame list; all memory is in use (Figure 9.9). The operating ... significant challenge. Some systems allocate a fixed percentage of memory for I/O buffers, whereas others allow both user processes and the I/O subsystem to compete for all system memory. 328 Chapter

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 22:21

... to boot a specific operating system. For instance, PCs and other systems can be dual-booted. Multiple operating systems can be installed, on such a system. How does the system know which one ... containing a different type of file system and a different operating system. The root partition, which contains the operating- system kernel and some- times other system files, is mounted at boot ... the operating system notes in its in-memory mount table structure that a file system is mounted, along with the type of the file system. The details of this function depend on the operating system.

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 22:21

... through the operating system. To do I/O, a user program executes a system call to request that the operating system perform I/O on its behalf (Figure 13.11). The operating system, executing ... is no longer needed. Other operating systems enforce a limit of one open file handle to such a device. Many operating systems provide functions 13.4 Kernel I/O Subsystem 515 that enable processes ... is managed by a system daemon process. In others, it is handled by an in-kernel thread. In either case, the operating system provides a control interface that enables users and system administrators

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 22:21

... Solaris, Windows XP, and Linux operating systems. Each of these systems assigns real-time processes the highest scheduling priority. For 19.4 Implementing Real-Time Operating Systems 701 example, Windows ... LynxOS and OnCore Systems are examples of real-time operating systems providing full support for virtual memory. 19.4 Implementing Real-Time Operating Systems Keeping in mind the many possible variations, ... necessary for implementing a real-time operating system. This list is by no means absolute; some systems provide more features than we list below, while other systems provide fewer. • Preemptive,

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 22:21

... implement particular operating- system personalities The client-server model is used for implementing a variety of operating- system services besides the environmental subsystems Security management, ... in the system. The lower 2 GB are specific to each process and are accessible by both user- and kernel-mode threads. Certain configurations of Windows XP reserve only 1 GB for operating- system ... name space. In contrast to UNIX, which roots the system name space in the file system, Windows XP uses an abstract name space and connects the file systems as devices. The object manager provides

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 22:21

... waiting are there in an operating system? Can busy waiting be avoided altogether? Explain your answer. 6.4 Explain why spinlocks are not appropriate for single-processor systems yet are often used ... spinlocks as a syn- chronization mechanism only on multiprocessor systems and not on single-processor systems? 6.24 In log-based systems that provide support for transactions, updates to data items ... the system. The counter is incremented after a new timestamp is assigned. The timestamps of the transactions determine the serializability order. Thus, if TS(T,) < TS(T,), then the system

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 22:21

... Accounting Principles, 7th Edition Weygandt • Kieso • Kimmel Chapter Accounting for Merchandising Operations Prepared by Naomi Karolinski ... explain the entries for purchases under a   perpetual inventory? ?system 3 explain the entries for sales revenues under a   perpetual inventory? ?system explain the steps in the accounting cycle for a    ... INCOME MEASUREMENT PROCESS FOR A MERCHANDISING COMPANY     OPERATING CYCLES FOR A SERVICE COMPANY AND A MERCHANDISING COMPANY     INVENTORY SYSTEMS Merchandising entities may use either:  1) Perpetual Inventory

Ngày tải lên: 16/01/2020, 19:37

... Average operating assets $740,000 / $5,000,000 =     14.8% ROI Computation decrease in operating assets A manager can also improve ROI by reducing average? ?operating? ? assets. Assume that average? ?operating? ?assets are reduced 10% or  ... • Operating? ?assets  – Current assets and plant assets used in operations by the  center.  (Nonoperating assets such as idle plant assets and land held for  future use are excluded) • Average? ?operating? ?assets ... Accounting Principles, 7th Edition Weygandt • Kieso • Kimmel Chapter 25 Budgetary Control and Responsibility Accounting

Ngày tải lên: 16/01/2020, 19:50

... memory All of the processes in main memory are blocked, and OS brings in Process D 35 Paging • Operating system maintains a page table for each process which contains the frame location for each page ... to the same copy of the program rather than have their own separate copy – Processes that are cooperating on some task may need to share access to the same data structure Logical Organization

Ngày tải lên: 30/01/2020, 00:31

... scheduling is to assign processes to be executed by the processor over time, – in a way that meets system objectives, such as response time, throughput, and processor efficiency Scheduling Objectives ... and to optimize performance Long-Term Scheduling • Determines which programs are admitted to the system for processing – May be first-come-first-served – According to criteria such as priority,

Ngày tải lên: 30/01/2020, 00:39

... interleaved with other processes • These two characteristics are treated independently by the operating system Processes and Threads • The unit of dispatching is referred to as a thread or lightweight ... a process share this) One view… • One way to view a thread is as an independent program counter operating within a process Threads vs processes 10 Threads vs processes • The thread control block

Ngày tải lên: 30/01/2020, 02:33

... Chapter and Computer System and Operating System Overview – The Evolution of Operating Systems – OS Objectives and Functions – Instruction Execution – ... Evolution of Operating Systems • It may be easier to understand the key requirements of an OS by considering the evolution of Operating Systems • Stages include – Serial Processing – Simple Batch Systems ... Processing – Simple Batch Systems – Multiprogrammed Batch Systems – Time Sharing Systems Serial Processing (late 1940s to mid-1950s) • No operating system • Machines run from a console with display lights,

Ngày tải lên: 30/01/2020, 02:42

... users who have access to this system 32 Simultaneous Access • When access is granted to append or update a file to more than one user, the OS or file management system must enforce discipline ... should be known (delimiters, subfield or default for a field type) 10 File Sharing • In multiuser system, there is almost always a requirement for allowing files to be shared among a number of users ... simultaneous access 28 Access Rights • A wide variety of access rights have been used by various systems – often as a hierarchy, with each right implying those that precede it • None – User may

Ngày tải lên: 30/01/2020, 05:07

... Chapter 11 I/O Management and Disk Scheduling – Operating System Design Issues – I/O Buffering – Disk Scheduling – Disk Cache Goal: Generality • For ... for improving the efficiency of I/O – I/O buffering – Disk scheduling – Disk cache Roadmap – Operating System Design Issues – I/O Buffering – Disk Scheduling – Disk Cache No Buffering • Without ... been processed 36 Performance Compared Comparison of Disk Scheduling Algorithms 37 Roadmap – Operating System Design Issues – I/O Buffering – Disk Scheduling – Disk Cache 38 Disk Cache • Buffer

Ngày tải lên: 30/01/2020, 05:13

... Sparc systems, and for PC and PowerMac systems 22.4 Silberschatz and Galvin 1999  The Linux System • Linux uses many tools developed as part of Berkeley’s BSD operating system, MIT’s X Window System, ... platforms • The core Linux operating system kernel is entirely original, but it can run much existing free UNIX software, resulting in an entire UNIX-compatible operating system free from proprietary ... Module 22: The Linux System • • • • • • • • • • • History Design Principles Kernel Modules Process Management Scheduling Memory Management File Systems Input and Output Interprocess

Ngày tải lên: 30/01/2020, 05:32

... to run OS routine, only Mode Switch 48 Process-based Operating System • Process-based operating system – Implement the OS as a collection of system process 49 Security Issues • An OS associates ... structures to control process execution Requirements of an Operating System • Fundamental Task: Process Management • The Operating System must – Interleave the execution of multiple processes ... any process – OS has its own region of memory and system stack • The concept of process is considered to apply only to user programs – Operating system code is executed as a separate entity that

Ngày tải lên: 30/01/2020, 05:34

... the general topic of operating systems and a handful of important concepts (multiprogramming, time sharing, distributed system, and so on) The purpose is to show why operating systems are what they ... the operating system for the following two settings: (a) handheld devices and (b) real-time systems a Batch programming b Virtual memory c Time sharing Answer: For real-time systems, the operating ... other operating systems Answer: Environmental subsystems are user-mode processes layered over the native executable services to enable Windows XP to run programs developed for other operating systems

Ngày tải lên: 16/10/2021, 15:40

... Pat, and our sons, Tom and Jay Greg Gagne Preface Operating systems are an essential part of any computer system Similarly, a course on operating systems is an essential part of any computer science ... OPERATING SYSTEM CONCEPTS 7(17+(',7,21 OPERATING SYSTEM CONCEPTS ABRAHAM SILBERSCHATZ
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... understanding of operating systems are covered in Chapter In that chapter, we also include an overview of the fundamental data structures that are prevalent in most operating systems For code

Ngày tải lên: 22/10/2022, 08:39

... Brealey−Meyers: Principles of Corporate Finance, Seventh Edition I Value Present Value and the Opportunity Cost of Capital © The McGraw−Hill ... TWO PRESENT VALUE A N D T H E OPPORTUNITY COST OF CAPITAL 12 Brealey−Meyers: Principles of Corporate Finance, Seventh Edition I Value Present Value and the Opportunity Cost of Capital © The McGraw−Hill ... price of the Taj Mahal or the Parthenon or Windsor Castle 13 Brealey−Meyers: Principles of Corporate Finance, Seventh Edition 14 PART I I Value © The McGraw−Hill Companies, 2003 Present Value and

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 08:20