of initial conditions of temperature water vapor and clouds

... book is an island You would not be holding this book in your hands without the help and support of a host of people to whom I am most grateful Foremost, thanks to Bill Pollock and the gang at ... KLDs:  A module event handler  A DECLARE_MODULE macro call Module Event Handler A module event handler is the function that handles the initialization and shutdown of a KLD This function is ... { const char *name; modeventhand_t evhand; void *priv; } moduledata_t; Here,  name is the official module name,  evhand is the KLD’s module event handler, and  priv is a pointer to private...

Ngày tải lên: 29/05/2014, 23:56

... Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner Further reproduction prohibited without permission Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner Further reproduction prohibited ... without permission Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner Further reproduction prohibited without permission Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner Further reproduction prohibited ... without permission Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner Further reproduction prohibited without permission Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner Further reproduction prohibited...

Ngày tải lên: 03/06/2014, 02:16

... UGS, rtPS, nrtPS and BE, based on the requested bandwidth of UGS, the required minimum bandwidth of rtPS and nrtPS and the queue length of BE service respectively If remaining bandwidth exists, ... synthesis table of the main scheduling mechanisms and highlights the main points of each of them Section does the final consideration of this chapter WiMAX MAC scheduling and QoS: Issues and challenges ... Mechanisms 1Federal Márcio Andrey Teixeira and Paulo Roberto Guardieiro Institute of Education, Science and Technology of São Paulo, of Electrical Engineering, Federal University of Uberlândia, Brazil...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 05:20

... Algorithm and Bandwidth Allocation in WiMAX fixed allocation for UGS, EDF for rtVR, WFQ for nrtVR, and equal division of remaining bandwidth for BE Although EDF takes care of the delay requirement of ... connection and then sent to BS, and BS sorts the SC of all the connections and assigns bandwidth according to the descending order of SC SC is derived according to the buffer occupancy and waiting ... arrival rate of ¸i, a delay budget of i, and a minimum reserved bandwidth of MRRi For the sake of analytic tractability, we assume that the data arrival forms a Poisson process and all queues...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 05:20

... (resp C) and user k of cell A at subcarrier n and OFDM block m Of course, the average channel gains A B C E | Hk (n, m)|2 , E | Hk (n, m)|2 and E | Hk (n, m)|2 depend on the position of user k ... k in the whole band is equal to the sum of the ergodic capacities corresponding to both bands I and P A For instance, the part of the capacity corresponding to the protected band P A is equal ... with user k GNR of user k in bands I, P A resp sharing factors of user k in bands I, Pc resp power allocated to user k in bands I, P A resp power transmitted by base station c in bands I, P A resp...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 05:20

... the format of the OFDMA slot is data subcarriers of OFDM symbols The total number of OFDMA slots in a mobile WiMAX frame corresponds to S × Ts where S = Ld and Ts is the number of OFDM symbol ... guarantee of ongoing calls To well manage the operation of this step, the WiMAX standard provides tools and mechanisms for bandwidth allocation and request that is described briefly as follows: (a) Bandwidth ... constraints of each traffic class, 2) the specific features of the system like Permutation scheme and 3) OFDMA access technology and the radio channel variation which results in the choice of modulation and...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 05:20

... Symposium on Computer Modeling and Simulation, 2008 EMS ’08, pp 518-523, sep 2008 Mathias Bohge and James Gross and Adam Wolisz and Tkn Group and Tu Berlin and Michael Meyer and Ericsson Gmbh (2007) ... fixed and mobile broadband wireless access In the standard (IEEE 802.16 standard, 2009), it defines several air interface variants, including WirelessMAN-SC, WirelessMAN-OFDM, WirelessMAN-OFDMA and ... until the start of the request interval where the backoff of the first attempt is initiated, and its backoff process from the beginning of the first request interval until the beginning of the request...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 05:20

... 192 16 Quality of Service and Resource Allocation in WiMAX Will-be-set-by-IN-TECH J G Andrews; A Ghosh & R Muhamed (2007) Fundamentals of WiMAX: Understanding Broadband Wireless Networking, ... applications is required to satisfy the growing demands of fixed and mobile users, while increasing the profits of the content providers With regard to Quality of Service (QoS) control, the WiMAX system ... number of WiMAX schemes, such as mobility management for the handover and user authentication, require the coordination of a wide range of elements in a networking system The implementation of these...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 05:20

... the city of Warsaw (Poland) and one near the city of Katowice (Poland) The Map represents good SNR conditions (on average) whereas Map mimics a bad SNR environment The arrival rate of user requests ... DV and CTC – Map 231 232 Quality of Service and Resource Allocation in WiMAX Fig Blocking probabilities for DV and CTC – Map1 Fig 10 System throughput for DV and CTC – Map2 Evaluation of QoS and ... results of assessing quality of VoIP (Voice Over IP) conversations CTC and nbLDPC codes are compared in terms of system capacity and resulting quality of experience (QoE) performance of VoIP...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 05:20

... purpose of its utilization across e-health mobile applications Although, the standard is incapable of suiting real-time video and voice traffic demands on account of no priority provision and lack of ... cameras strive for bandwidth-consuming and delay-sensitive QoS demands, whereas timely bandwidth fair allocation is of primary importance MAC QoS support of WiMAX enables to handle multiple video ... well-known handshaking procedure to request bandwidth resources from the BS (Andrews, 2007).With appearing needs of bandwidth increase for existing service connections due to the dynamic behaviour of...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 05:20

... increased bandwidth compared to 3G systems, which bandwidth capacity will be further expanded in part ‘m’ of the standard (Ahmandi, 2011, written by Intel’s chief technology officer) Broadband wireless ... Quality of Service and Resource Allocation in WiMAX WiMAX and IP handoff management (Chen & Hsieh, 2007) and in that way reduce the number of control messages For further general examples of cross-layer ... (MPDUs) Assessment of the results of the adaptive protection scheme is presented in terms of packet drops, data corruption and repair, end-to-end delay introduced, and the dependency of objective video...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 05:20

... from the mean value of the inter-arrival time and the shape, and finally the mean off time is derived from the correlation length of the trace and the lognormal distribution of packet size The ... of Service and Resource Allocation in WiMAX Fig 5.2 Architecture of the degrading concealment interleaving system Combining interleaving with encryption and watermark, instead of adding a stand-alone ... schematics of our traffic model The number of sources, N, was to be chosen bearing in mind the trade-off between parsimony and accuracy (Parsimony refers to the provision of the simplest and most...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 05:20

... view of that, we consider the MAC centric cross layer design which is aware of MPEG-4 QoS requirements and PHY channel conditions AND and OR-rule cooperative sensing techniques are analyzed and ... modulation and coding scheme (MCS), Ns is the number of subcarriers in a subband, and SNRi is the ratio of signal to interference and noise on the ith subcarrier Knowing the target PRR (PRRT ) and the ... M − P f ,i , (15) i=1 where Pd and P f are, respectively, the probability of detection and probability of false alarm of a stand-alone cognitive radio While in AND- rule fusion scheme, all collaborating...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 11:20

... coefficient Estimate of the fading coefficient h· Error in the estimate of the fading coefficient h· Variance of random variables Variance of Gaussian random variables due to thermal noise Number of symbols ... on Wireless Communications and Networking and the values of the power constraints Recently, the impact of channel state information (CSI) and power allocation on rates of transmission over fading ... average power of the source in each block of m symbols Total average power of the relay in each block of m symbols Fraction of total power allocated to training by the source Fraction of total power...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 23:20

... second argument of the function is the value of PR1 that makes the two arguments of the function in the objective function of (8) equal 3.3 Amplify -and- forward In the case of amplify -and- forward ... two values of r (namely, rα and rβ ), if there exist values of x (namely, xα and xβ ), such that the conditions in (A.1) are satisfied, then for any value of r that lies between rα and rβ (namely, ... seen from Figure 7, increasing the gain of the source-relay channel of node expands the achievable rate of the RDF and NDF strategies, even though the gain of the direct channel is reduced, whereas...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 01:20

... UGS, rtPS, nrtPS and BE, based on the requested bandwidth of UGS, the required minimum bandwidth of rtPS and nrtPS and the queue length of BE service respectively If remaining bandwidth exists, ... synthesis table of the main scheduling mechanisms and highlights the main points of each of them Section does the final consideration of this chapter WiMAX MAC scheduling and QoS: Issues and challenges ... Mechanisms 1Federal Márcio Andrey Teixeira and Paulo Roberto Guardieiro Institute of Education, Science and Technology of São Paulo, of Electrical Engineering, Federal University of Uberlândia, Brazil...

Ngày tải lên: 27/06/2014, 01:20

... indeterminacy of both production and trade 10 where ct0 and hct0 are endowments of physical and human capital of country c, ^ kt are the corresponding revealed factor intensities of product k, and ^ kt0 and ... sources and consequences of resource misallocation have only recently come to the fore of the macroeconomic and development literature (Banerjee and Du‡o 2005, Restuccia and Rogerson 2008, Hsieh and ... underestimation of standard errors and consequent over-rejection of null hypothesis In our case, the possibility of clustered standard errors may remain even after controlling for …xed e¤ects (Bertrand et...

Ngày tải lên: 21/04/2016, 13:19

... the sub-sets of R n and are non-empty, compact and convex; (2) ui are continuous in Pi; (3) ui are quasi-concave in Pi where N is the set of players, Pi and ui are the action profile and the utility ... interference, power consumption and CSI overheads The proof of the Pareto efficiency of transmitting power strategy, as well as the certification of the identity of NE and the optimal solution, needs ... Communications and Networking 2011, 2011:169 http://jwcn.eurasipjournals.com/content/2011/1/169 Page of 10 Figure Demonstration of the system structure and the working process of the multi-cell uplink OFDMA...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 22:20

... maximum in the standard MB-OFDM We compare the throughput of the proposed MU MB-OFDM with that of the standard MB-OFDM Then, we measure the ratio of redundant MASs and the number of blocked flows ... dTX-TX and dTX-RX are the propagation delays between TX0 and TX1 and between TX1 and RX0, respectively The timing offset at RX0 is the summation of dTX-TX and dTX-RX guard time for the band switch, ... throughput in the MU MBOFDM is saturated at three times as high load as that in the standard MB-OFDM At the load of 26 flows, the throughput of the standard MB-OFDM is saturated Chang and Bahk EURASIP...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 22:20

... described in [8] By a reasonable organization of the hardware components and of the bus segments, one can increase the degree of parallelism of data transfers and in this way possibly improve the overall ... solutions The proposed heuristics start with a random initial deviceto-segments allocation set by: (i) InitRandomly Random initial order of devices, and randomly set segment borders (code not shown) ... Devices Randomly Algorithm Swap-Randomly picks two devices at random and swaps their places on the bus Observe that swapping does not change the number of devices allocated for each segment, and thus...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 20:20