normalization of database tables

... Mapping Your Objects to Database Tables with LINQ to SQL Table of Contents Mapping Your Objects to Database Tables with LINQ to SQL Exercise Creating Your First ... Page of 27 Mapping Your Objects to Database Tables with LINQ to SQL Tasks Detailed Steps Note: You can also move the mouse over the variables and see how the IDE is fully aware of the type of the ... Server name field e Choose our database by choosing “Northwind” in the Select or enter a database name combo box f Click OK Page 11 of 27 Mapping Your Objects to Database Tables with LINQ to SQL Tasks...

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2013, 17:30

... consisting of various computers, storage systems, application software, and databases Design of a new application for an existing database or design of a brand new database starts off with a ... Examples of queries are as follows: ■ ■ ■ Retrieve the transcript—a list of all courses and grades of ‘Smith’ List the names of students who took the section of the Database course offered in ... characteristics of database systems in Sections 1.6 through 1.8 1.3.1 Self-Describing Nature of a Database System A fundamental characteristic of the database approach is that the database system...

Ngày tải lên: 07/12/2013, 11:33

... shutdown the database using shutdown command 12 Once the database shutdown reboot your PC 13 Connect again as sysdba to default database sqlplus/nolog, SQL>conn sys/oracle as sysdba check which database ... starting the database in nomount mode ? The reason is still we are not created control files “An instance would be started in the NOMOUNT stage only during database creation or the re-creation of control ... 135338868 bytes Fixed Size 453492 bytes Variable Size 109051904 bytes Database Buffers 25165824 bytes Redo Buffers Database mounted Database opened SQL> 667648 bytes Now you need to edit the following...

Ngày tải lên: 25/01/2014, 05:20

... provides practical descriptions of some relational database theory Many of the antipatterns this book covers are the result of misunderstanding database theory Anatomy of an Antipattern Each antipattern ... Executive Director of Open Query (http://openquery.com); Coauthor of High Performance MySQL, Second Edition This book is obviously the product of many years of practical experience with SQL databases ... 29 L EGITIMATE U SES OF THE A NTIPATTERN 2.4 Legitimate Uses of the Antipattern You might improve performance for some kinds of queries by applying denormalization to your database organization...

Ngày tải lên: 17/02/2014, 11:20

... consisting of various computers, storage systems, application software, and databases Design of a new application for an existing database or design of a brand new database starts off with a ... Examples of queries are as follows: ■ ■ ■ Retrieve the transcript—a list of all courses and grades of ‘Smith’ List the names of students who took the section of the Database course offered in ... characteristics of database systems in Sections 1.6 through 1.8 1.3.1 Self-Describing Nature of a Database System A fundamental characteristic of the database approach is that the database system...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 05:21

... Page coloring with process id hash Application offsetting no offset offset no offset offset no offset offset 8.2 8.4 7.9 8.3 8.1 8.4 OLTP Number of contexts 8.9 12.3 8.5 8.6 8.6 12.5 8.5 8.7 8.9 ... address-space offsetting The data indicate that using an offset reduced the L1 miss rate of all numbers of hardware contexts roughly to that of a wide-issue superscalar Without offsetting, L1 ... indicates that as more of the database is accessed, the memory footprint of the SGA buffer cache continues to grow and exceeds that of the SGA-other, whose size levels off over time; reuse in...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 14:20

... University University of Wisconsin-Madison Bell Labs & AT&T Labs University of Maryland Microsoft University of California, Berkely INRIA (France) University of Washington University of Munich (Germany) ... of citations, the number of citations to the most referenced papers and the average number of citations per paper Fig indicates that TODS and VLDBJ have a relatively constant and low number of ... overall number of cita- The journal impact factor (JIF) determines the average number of citations per paper for a period of two years For a given year X, the JIF is the average number of times articles...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 14:20

... Gain Several of our algorithms for database operations are only able to use a subset of the capabilities of the GPUs In these cases, we have observed a speedup of nearly a factor of to times in ... the performance of our hardware-based multi-attribute queries by varying the number of attributes and also the number of records in the database We used queries with a selectivity of 60% for each ... work on database operations and use of GPUs for geometric and scientific computing in Section We give an overview of the graphics architectural pipeline in Section We present algorithms for database...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 12:20

... and the database workload In database research, there has been some work on ranked retrieval from a database The early work of [23] considered vague/imprecise similarity-based querying of databases ... View, Pool, etc To evaluate the role of the size of the database, we also performed experiments on a subset of the HomeAdvisor database, consisting only of homes sold in the Seattle area The ... one of the two specified attributes are missing, halving space • Scan Figure 10 shows the execution times of the queries over the Seattle Homes database as a function of the total number of tuples...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 12:20

... important and fruitful field of research This handbook offers twenty three essays contributed by a selected group of prominent researchers Given the dynamic nature of the field of database security, we ... Handbook of Database Security Applications and Trends Handbook of Database Security Applications and Trends edited by Michael Gertz University of California at Davis USA Sushil ... security level of c1 is greater than or equal to the security level of c2 and the set of categories of c1 includes the set of categories of c2 Access classes together with their partial order dominance...

Ngày tải lên: 25/03/2014, 11:22

... expression An illustration of the model is given in the left panel of Figure Normalization is carried out by subtracting off the terms in the model that represent bias A consequence of this work is the ... filtering, channel normalization, models of variations and assessment of gene effects Nucleic Acids Res 2001, 29:2540-2557 Yang YH, Dudoit S, Luu P, Speed TP: Normalization of cDNA microarrays ... monotone function of RNA amount, then estimate biases as functions of this plug-in quantity Thus, we actually estimate a warped version of the model, as illustrated in the right panel of Figure Essentially,...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 14:20

... various tables in a database To show the list of all the tables in a database we can use the GetTableNames method of the ADOConnection component The GetTableNames in the OnCreate event of the ... trick of creating a new database Let the name of the first button be btnNewDatabase (caption: 'Create database' ), the second one should be called btnAddTables (caption: 'Create and link tables' ) ... directory Delphi, of course, has means of working with both approaches With Delphi, we can connect to different types of databases: local or client/server (remote server) database Local databases are...

Ngày tải lên: 16/04/2014, 11:14

... description of the specificity measurement of a term A term consists of words where each word contributes to the syntactic and semantic representations of the term Intuitively, the word of is of lower ... distribution of the number of words per term in the individual branches of Gene Ontology might play a role in the performance of the systems Indeed, Figure shows the distributions of the number of words ... contribution of the word to the final score of the GO term Furthermore, Ruch’s method increments the score of a GO term for which the candidate matches one of the predefined syntactical patterns of the...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 22:20

... visiting professor at the University of Edinburgh, Scotland; the Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Stanford University; and the University of California, Berkeley A Fellow of The Institute of Electrical ... Conductivity of Various Materials As a Percentage of the Thermal Conductivity of Copper 1-182 Variation of Electrical and Thermal Properties of Common Insulators As a Function of Temperature ... Interpretations of Powers of 10 .5-8 Typical Values for Coefficients of Static Friction .5-8 Properties of Plane Areas 5-9 Moments of Inertia of Homogeneous...

Ngày tải lên: 29/06/2014, 11:20

... distinguish between the description of the database and the database itself The description of a database is called the database schema, which is specified during database design and is not expected ... Multiple Views of the Data A database typically has many users, each of whom may require a different perspective or view of the database A view may be a subset of the database or it may contain ... A database is being constructed to keep track of the teams and games of a sports league A team has a number of players, not all of whom participate in each game It is desired to keep track of...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 18:22

... soon be reserved for databases containing tens of terabytes 5.1.2 Storage of Databases Databases typically store large amounts of data that must persist over long periods of time The data is accessed ... series of events (e.g., the track stadium may hold many different races) For each event there is a planned date, duration, number of participants, number of officials, and so on A roster of all officials ... whereas main memory is often called volatile storage The cost of storage per unit of data is an order of magnitude less for disk than for primary storage Page 102 of 893 Some of the newer technologies—such...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 18:22

... Concepts in SQL2 Early versions of SQL did not include the concept of a relational database schema; all tables (relations) were considered part of the same schema The concept of an SQL schema was incorporated ... track of dependents database of Figure 07.06, we can get rid of the relation by of employees in the issuing the command: DROP TABLE DEPENDENT CASCADE; If the RESTRICT option is chosen instead of ... aggregate functions on collections of values from the database Examples of such functions include retrieving the average or total salary of all employees or the number of employee tuples Common functions...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 18:22

... structure of an Oracle database consists of the definition of the database in terms of schema objects and one or more tablespaces The schema objects contain definitions of tables, views, sequences, ... offer a whole variety of features needed to accomplish the design and implementation of large databases and their applications An Oracle server consists of an Oracle database the collection of ... background process The combined storage capacity of a database s tablespace is the total storage capacity of the database Every Oracle database contains a tablespace named SYSTEM (to hold the data dictionary’s...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 18:22

... Trends of Database Technology 13.1.1 The Evolution of Database Systems Technology 13.1.2 The Current Drivers of Database Systems Technology Section 13.1.1 gives a historical overview of the evolution ... Iterator class of the Object Model The C++ ODL allows a user to specify the classes of a database schema using the constructs of C++ as well as the constructs provided by the object database library ... schema of Figure 04.10 in the context of the ODMG object database standard The mapped object schema using the ODL notation is shown in Figure 12.06 12.6 Examples of ODBMSs 12.6.1 Overview of the...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 18:22

... Practical Database Design and Tuning 16.1 The Role of Information Systems in Organizations 16.2 The Database Design Process 16.3 Physical Database Design in Relational Databases 16.4 An Overview of Database ... each of these factors next A Analyzing the Database Queries and Transactions Page 483 of 893 Before undertaking physical database design, we must have a good idea of the intended use of the database ... JDs in practical databases with hundreds of attributes is possible only with a great degree of intuition about the data on the part of the designer Hence, current practice of database design pays...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 18:22