... hotel)
Punctuation
Commas are not used in definingrelative clauses.
Relative pronouns
The following relative pronouns are used in definingrelative clauses:
Person Thing Place Tim
e
Reason ... lives in France, is coming to stay with me next week.
Punctuation
Correct punctuation is essential in non- definingrelative clauses. If the non-
defining relative clause occurs in the middle ... kinds of clauses, how can you recognize a relative one?
First, it will contain a subject and verb. Next, it will begin with a relative
pronoun (who, whom, whose, that or which) or a relative...
... where
B.which
B.which
C.who
C.who
D.when
D.when
A
D
B
C
D
2. Relative clauses
2. Relative clauses
a. Definingrelativeclauses ( mệnh đề quan hệ
a. Definingrelativeclauses ( mệnh đề quan hệ
xác định)
xác định)
Eg: ... girl who is my sister’s
closest friend.
closest friend.
b. Non- definingrelativeclauses (mệnh đề quan
b. Non- definingrelativeclauses (mệnh đề quan
hệ không xác định)
hệ không xác định)
Eg: ... sentences……… are relative clauses.
2.We are studying sentences……… are relative clauses.
A.when
A.when
B.who
B.who
C.whose
C.whose
D.which
D.which
3.The woman…….I was dancing with stepped on my...
... appropriate ending from the box
and make it into a relative clause.
STEPS ACTIVITIVES
Review - Teacher and students review how to write the sentences withrelative
pronoun.
Practice
V. Complete the ... blanks with who, which or where.
I have many friends and they all have different ideas of summer
vacations. One friend of mine (1)__________ is the most
adventurous likes an exciting holiday with ... whom
6. which
7. where
8. which
9. which
10.which
II. What do these people do? Match each word with its definition. Write full
sentences.
a. electrician
b. plumber
c. goldsmith
d. carpenter
e....
... which we visited yesterday, is very old.
Non- DefiningRelative Clauses
Combine the sentences using relative clauses. Note that all relativeclauses are non- defining.
1. Samuel Johnson was the son ... describe.
relative pronoun is necessary
relative pronoun is not necessary
Relative clauses - defining or non- defining?
Study the situations and then decide whether the following relativeclauses ... Westminster Abbey.
Samuel Johnson
Relative Adverbs
Choose the correct relative adverb.
Exercises on relative clauses.
I- Combine the two sentences using relative pronouns.
1. I apologizes to...
...
Name: ……………………………………………… Class: 11………
UNIT 9 – RELATIVECLAUSES 3
I. Combine each pair of sentences, using Relative Clauses:
1. The man was a botanist. His son was intelligent.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
2. ... moon.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
6. The book is mine. I put it on the table.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
7. I study with the schoolboy. You saw his father yesterday.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
8. The...
... IV. Rewrite the following sentences, using Relative Clauses:
1. This is the first thing. I want to tell you about it.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
2. ... to the front.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
14. They are good friends. You can play with them.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
15. The team has lost all matches. This doesn’t...
... properly, you have to water them regularly.
Page 3
INFINITIVE RELATIVE CLAUSES
(A Supplement to English 11, Basic Course)
Look at this pattern with an adjective and a to-infinitive.
- Which was the ... reluctant wonderful dangerous keen safe wrong difficult
3. Patterns with too and enough
Before the for pattern, we can use too or enough with a quantifier, adjective or adverb.
- There's too much ... arrangement eagerness preparations willingness attempt failure
promise wish choice
b. Some other nouns with similar meanings can take a to-infinitive, e.g. chance, effort, opportunity, scheme,
time.
...
...
Comparison between restrictive clauses and non- restrictive clauses
Restrictive clauses Non- restrictive clauses
- Necessary ( cần thiết)
- Can’t be omitted (không thể bỏ)
- Without commas (không dấu ... teacher
2. Relative clauses
a. Restrictive clauses ( mệnh đề quan hệ giới hạn)
Là mệnh đềä rất cần thiết để bổ nghóa cho mệnh đề chính, nên không thể bỏ được
b. Non – Restrictive clauses ( mệnh ... xác định ( restrictive clauses)
- “That” is not used ( không được dùng ) :
+ Trong mệnh đệ quan hệ không xác định ( non- restrictive clauses)
+ Khi đứng sau giới từ ( after prepositions )
Ex :...
... in brackets as a relative clause (defining or non- defining) in an
appropriate place in the sentence. Give alternative relative pronouns if possible. (Use - to
indicate ‘no relative pronoun’.)
1. ... Exercises of relative clause
I. Write all the pronouns possible to complete each sentence. Write Ø if the sentence is
correct without adding a pronoun.
1. We talk about ... Master's course is no longer taught. (I took this course in 1990.)
III. Replace the relativeclauses by an infinitive or infinitive phrase.
1. He was the first man who left the burning...
... the mice was poisonous.
REDUCED NON- DEFININGRELATIVECLAUSES
Relative [=adjective] clauses
Necessary [ =defining; restrictive] clauses
Unnecessary [ =non- defining]
There are two different ... something else. Here it is not limited to only definingrelative clauses.
Of course, there are conditions for reducing relative clauses, whether defining or non- defining.
One grammar book explains as ... are absolutely right, because
“The relative pronoun can be omitted ONLY in necessary [defining] adjective [relative] clauses. ”
Page 1
REDUCED RELATIVE CLAUSES
What is called “reduction” is...
... ambition often try to work harder than the others.
II. MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ KHễNG Cể GII HN: (Non- Restrictive Relative Clause )
ã õy l loại mệnh đề có dấu phẩy đứng trước (và đứng sau).
ã Mnh quan ... (THAT) I have ever received from the Committee.
IV. RÚT GỌN MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ: (Reductions of Relative Clauses)
A: DẠNG THÔNG THƯỜNG: (Cần nhớ kỹ)
Cách làm: Ta lược bỏ ĐẠI TỪ QUAN HỆ, MODAL VERB ... HỆ
(làm chủ từ)
(NOT) + V
-ing
Ví dụ:
a) Climbers bring with them canisters (đồ hộp) that contain fuel to cook their meals
Climbers bring with them canisters containing fuel to cook their meals
b)...
... Gia s Xuân Hiếu 0988.237.515
RELATIVE CLAUSE
Exercise 1: Underline each relative clause. Look at examples.
Exercise 2:
Exercise 3:
Cùng bạn đi tới...
...
RELATIVE CLAUSES – 4
I. Choose the best answer to complete the sentence
1. b
2. b
3. c
4. d
5. b
6. b
7. c
8. c
9. c
10. b
RELATIVE CLAUSES – 2
I. Fill the gaps with all possible relative ... the village common which they saw
from distance.
RELATIVE CLAUSES/ ADJECTIVE CLAUSES
EXERCISES
GRAMMAR COURSE - I
WEEK 3
RELATIVECLAUSES - 2
IV. Combine two simple sentences into one ...
RELATIVE CLAUSES – 1
IV. Fill the gap with either
what
or
which
1. what
2. , which
3. what
4. , which
5. what
6. , which
7. , which
8. what
9. , which
10., which
RELATIVE CLAUSES...
... trong relative clause.
Ví dụ:
The man whom I
want to see wasn’t here.
Chú ý trong các mệnh đề liên hệ có giới từ, khi dùng whom ta thường đặt giới từ lên trước whom.
RelativeClauses ... there anything I can do?
(Có gì tôi làm được không?)
Prepositions
Trong các mệnh đề quan hệ thường có các giới từ (in, at, to, with, …). Xem kỹ các ví dụ sau để biết
cách đặt giới từ sao ...
Xét lại tất cả các ví dụ trên ta thấy các relative clause luôn bảo ta biết cụ thể người nào hay vật
nào ta đang nói tới. Trong các câu này nếu bỏ relative clause đi ta không thể xác định được...