neuroprotective strategies in animal and in vitro models of neuronal damage

... injury were first incubated for 30 minutes at 37°C, 95% air and 5% CO2 in EM containing 4.5 μM PI Following baseline fluorescence imaging the traumatic brain injury was generated using an apparatus ... significantly neuroprotective even two and three hours after injury Discussion We investigated the potential neuroprotective effects of the noble gas argon in two in vitro models of OGD and TBI Our ... benzodiazepine binding site and possibly at multiple other discrete sites of the GABAA receptor [49] The activation of GABA receptors has been shown to be neuroprotective in in vitro and in vivo...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 20:21

... C5aR and FcgRIII-mediated cell activation resulting in innate cell mediator activation and the production of inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1 and TNF-α, leading to joint destruction In recent ... as expression of antiapoptotic proteins Bcl-2 and members of the inhibitor of apoptosis family (cIAP-1, XIAP and survivin, which directly bind to and inhibit caspases), was strikingly reduced ... goals of this arm of EUROME are to identify genes and pathways involved in this differentiation of DCs and to set up an ex vivo in vivo cell therapy whereby in vitro differentiated DCs supporting...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 01:23

... a combination of such factors (Chapter 4) In such Analysis, sequencing and in vitro expression of PCR products 89 cases it is often possible to increase the sensitivity of the analysis in order ... separation in thin-coated capillaries containing nonpolymerized gel matrices and laser detection systems The introduction and removal of polymer from the capillaries, plus loading and running samples and ... exhausted the primer in excess continues to allow linear accumulation of one strand of DNA suitable for subsequent DNA sequencing Analysis, sequencing and in vitro expression of PCR products 99...

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2013, 22:20

... (DDIs and doxorubicin) The DNA bulge binding of both compounds was detected by CD and UV melting experiments Possible slippage mechanisms are discussed Results and Discussion Effect of DDI-1A and ... change in Tm (DTm) for the ATT bulge increased by 3.4 and 1.7 °C in the presence of DDI-1A and DDI-1B, respectively The increase in DTm for DDI-1A was higher than that for DDI-1B, implying that intercalation ... binding pocket, with its amino sugar anchored Expansion of DNA repeat sequences in the major groove of the DNA pointing toward the 3¢-bulge-flanking base pair We were interested in small molecules that...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 06:20

... the initial screening is conducted in vitro because of the large number of candidate plant species and the prohibitive cost of screening them in vivo The number of species for in vivo testing ... emergence and wide-spread incidence of chemical residues in human food and antimicrobial and anthelmintic resistance causing a surge of interest in the use of “natural” alternatives to chemicals in ... to the methods involved in collecting, preparing and screening plants for bioactive properties for use in manipulating key ruminal fermentation pathways and against gastrointestinal pathogens...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 04:20

... mutations are at the N-terminus of the NS3 helicase, in two distinct positions of NS4B, in the centre of NS5A and in the C-terminal region of NS5B [3–6] The significance of these mutations has been ... vitro HCV infection models This model has essentially been used in two major fields of research: binding process and vaccination development Specific binding of HCV-like particles was obtained for ... the poor binding inhibition achieved in the presence of mAbs directed against CD81 In contrast, heparin sulfate seemed to mediate this interaction [53] Taking advantage of this binding model, a...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 05:20

... ratio of apparent dissociation constants for binding GST-IjBa in the presence and absence of ATP, and the value of a indicates whether the binding of one substrate (ATP) affects the afnity of the ... In vitro analysis of NF-jB signaling pathway 46 Peet GW & Li J (1999) IkappaB kinases alpha and beta show a random sequential kinetic mechanism and are inhibited by staurosporine and quercetin ... = Intensity of nucleus Intensity of cytoplasm Intensity of nucleus Scheme This is a simplication of a cell as seen by analysis software, where the software measures the intensity of NF-jB in...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 11:20

... available and its binding affinity is not altered by the presence of DNA in the DNA binding site Interestingly, when nM RNA and 10 nM DNA were added simultaneously to a limiting amount of protein in ... stringent concentration of KCl, there was a correlation between inhibition of endonuclease activity and inhibition of splicing activity indicating that RNA binding can be monitored by measuring ... filter binding assay in TK8 buffer with nM I-AniI and varying concentrations of end-labeled pCOBLE or uniformly labeled AnCOB pre-RNA RNA binding reactions contained mM MgCl2 and DNA binding reactions...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 10:20

... quality and the type of mineral formation obtained in the mineralization medium during the GPIbALP-induced hydrolysis of different phosphate substrates Ó FEBS 2003 Bone GPI-bALP, roles in mineralization ... interpretation of IR spectra of mineral deposits Distinct mineralization steps were observed during the GPI-bALPinduced hydrolysis of b-GP At incubation times in the range 1.5–3 h, two bands located ... J.E & Heersche, J.N.R (1991) Initiation and progression in mineralization of bone nodules formed in vitro: the role of alkaline phosphatase and organic phosphate Bone Mineral 14, 27–40 32 Coc, M.R.,...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 17:21

... on the transdermal delivery of various molecules, both in vitro and in vivo These methods include in vitro and in vivo delivery of insulin, mannitol, glucose and heparin (17, 80) Phonophoresis ... events include extrusion of lamellar bodies, loss of nucleus and increasing amount of keratin in the stratum corneum (12) The origins of the cells of the epidermis lie in the basal lamina between ... Effect of molarity and pH on the diffusion profile of ketoprofen .85 Effect of temperature on the diffusion profile of ketoprofen 86 Effect of mass on the diffusion profile of ketoprofen ...

Ngày tải lên: 13/04/2014, 09:25

... cells producing TGF-β resulted in the induction of Treg in vivo and in vitro in a murine model [52] Moreover, the blockade of TGF-β reduces Treg induction by the fusion cell vaccine and enhances ... (obtained with following informed consent and approved by our institutional review board obtained) was isolated and maintained in TIL Media I medium with 10% heat-inactivated FCS, mM L-glutamine, ... each vaccination [27,33] Autologous FCs were irradiated, suspended in 0.3 ml normal saline, and underwent up to nine times vaccinations via SC injection in the left inguinal area at 2-week intervals...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 15:20

... cells (cell lines and PBMC) and MYXV wild type (T1) strain or vaccinal (SG33) strain In bovine cell lines, serial viral passages analysis and infection with both T1 and SG33 expressing LacZ gene ... comparing two different MYXV strains (a wild-type strain (T1) and a cell-cultured attenuated vaccinal strain (SG33) [14]) we verified the stability of the viral tropism in vitro Findings Three bovine ... http://www.virologyj.com/content/4/1/94 information concerning interactions between MYXV and bovine cells is available yet In this study, we characterized the infection of bovine cell lines and bovine peripheral blood...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 18:20

... fixed in buffered formalin and embedded in paraffin a, b: Staining with H&E c, d: Specific brown staining of apoptotic cells by anti-caspase Ab e, f: In situ end-labeling (ISEL); black staining of ... cells resulting in tumor growth inhibition (reviewed in [25] and [1]) In mouse systems, ex vivo transduction of chemokines into tumor cells has provided potent tumor vaccines inducing tumor rejection, ... grown in vitro under three-dimensional conditions using a mixture of collagen and fibroblasts [32,44] Interaction of a2 and b1 integrins on CRC-specific T cells with collagen and the presence of...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 19:20

... failure of hind limb stepping Our findings of different effects of 3NP on gait dynamics of forelimbs and hind limbs are in accordance with previous motor behavioral assessments in 3NP-treated animals ... reports of significant inter -animal variation in response to 3NP toxicity [71] MPTP- and 3NP-induced neuronal damage in mice are age-dependent [72,73], and both toxins have systemic effects, including ... Gait indices, including stride duration, stance duration, swing duration, and stride length, change with changes in walking speed We eliminated the confounding effects of differences in walking...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 10:20

... exposed to random visual and/ or surface perturbations consisting of ramp-andhold tilts of 8° (peak velocity of 36°/s) in each direction of the pitch and roll planes Visual perturbations were induced ... COP and COM responses in different sensory Roll plane COP and COM responses in different sensory conditions Representative example of individual traces of COP (thin lines) and COM (thick lines) ... been involved in the conception and design, data acquisition, analysis and interpretation, as well as drafting the manuscript JF participated in the design of the study and data interpretation, and...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 10:20

... profile of macrophages can change, shutting down the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and increasing the production of factors that participate in tissue repair and wound healing [6] Anti-inflammatory, ... related chitinase genes, namely CHI3L1 and CHI3L2 are overexpressed in AD brain Both forms of chitinase 3-like proteins not have enzymatic chitinase activity and instead, inhibit IL-1 and TNFα-mediated ... Calingasan N, Erdely H, Altar C: Identification of CD40 ligand in Alzheimer's disease and in animal models of Alzheimer's disease and brain injury Neurobiol Aging 2002, 23:31-39 Townsend K, Town T, Mori...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 22:20

... cells (cell lines and PBMC) and MYXV wild type (T1) strain or vaccinal (SG33) strain In bovine cell lines, serial viral passages analysis and infection with both T1 and SG33 expressing LacZ gene ... comparing two different MYXV strains (a wild-type strain (T1) and a cell-cultured attenuated vaccinal strain (SG33) [14]) we verified the stability of the viral tropism in vitro Findings Three bovine ... http://www.virologyj.com/content/4/1/94 information concerning interactions between MYXV and bovine cells is available yet In this study, we characterized the infection of bovine cell lines and bovine peripheral blood...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 01:20

... cell lines and/ or due to the method used to induce Se deficiency in our in vitro model In studies employing Jurkat E6 cells, the Se-deficient medium comprised of insulin, transferrin and bovine ... medium containing 1% FBS, insulin and transferrin was adequate for growth of Vero and SK-N-SH cells for 10–12 days Se-deficient cells were maintained for 10 days and passaged every days using serum-free ... achieved in both the Vero and SK-N-SH cell lines In vitro response of Vero and SK-N-SH cells to Se deficiency Figure In vitro response of Vero and SK-N-SH cells to Se deficiency Vero and SK-N-SH...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 01:20

... fixed in buffered formalin and embedded in paraffin a, b: Staining with H&E c, d: Specific brown staining of apoptotic cells by anti-caspase Ab e, f: In situ end-labeling (ISEL); black staining of ... cells resulting in tumor growth inhibition (reviewed in [25] and [1]) In mouse systems, ex vivo transduction of chemokines into tumor cells has provided potent tumor vaccines inducing tumor rejection, ... grown in vitro under three-dimensional conditions using a mixture of collagen and fibroblasts [32,44] Interaction of a2 and b1 integrins on CRC-specific T cells with collagen and the presence of...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 03:20

... was incubated at 42°C for 90 min, and terminated by heat inactivation at 70°C for 15 Measurement of GAG levels The level of GAG appearing in the medium of explants, cell cultures, and papain-digested ... metalloproteinases mediating matrix degradation in interleukin 1-stimulated human articular cartilage Matrix 1993, 13:95-102 Vincenti MP, Clark IM, Brinckerhoff CE: Using inhibitors of metalloproteinases ... non-silencing siRNA; and G.4 = MMP-3 siRNA main one forming connective tissue in all higher animals Connective tissue contains a mixture of cells, proteins, complex polysaccharides and inorganic...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 04:20