neurobiology of dopamine in schizophrenia

... Because dopamine can have adverse effects on organ function during septic processes, clinical use of dopamine is increasingly being questioned However, clinically relevant concentrations of dopamine ... therapeutic intervention with dopamine in critically ill infants and adults dramatically decreases serum prolactin concentrations, thereby questioning the use of dopamine in these patients [46] Dopamine ... chlorpromazine induced production of the antiinflammatory cytokine IL-10 in vivo [56] The effects of dopamine on cytokine production are mainly mediated via β adrenoceptors because the action of dopamine...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 20:20

... Thus, dopamine promotes the accumulation of toxic protofibrils of a-synuclein, leading to cell death In this study, we have determined the nature of aggregates formed in the presence of dopamine ... opposite to the results obtained when a-synuclein was incubated in the absence of MPTP When a-synuclein was incubated alone in the presence of dopamine, it led to inhibition of fibrillation, probably ... (F), in the presence of 200 lM MPTP and 50 lM dopamine (G), in the presence of 100 lM MPP+ and 50 lM dopamine (H) and in the presence of 200 lM MPP+ and 50 lM dopamine (I) Discussion MPTP infusion...

Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 19:20

... Alterations in either cytoskeleton components or regulatory proteins were suggested to be linked to early stages of PD pathogenesis [26] Interestingly, in our model, dopamine induces an increase of the ... Levels of the RAN binding protein were reduced in a-syn cells with respect to b-gal cells and RuvB-like is upregulated in a-syn cells in the absence of dopamine CRMP4, a member of a family of neuron-enriched ... promoter containing five NF-jB binding sites After h of incubation, the transfection mixture was replaced with complete DMEM containing, or not, 0.250 mm dopamine, in the presence of 700 UÆmL)1...

Ngày tải lên: 15/02/2014, 01:20

... of their role, lack of social and working support, course of the disease, and disruptions in family life All these factors were associated with a considerable damage of QOL The feeling of being ... burden in schizophrenia in Malawi Soc Psychiatry Psychitr Epidemiol 2008, 43:160-164 Wing Kay Tang V, Kau Leung S, Chiu-Wa Lam L: Clinical correlates of the caregiving experience of Chinese Caregivers ... aimed to improve caregivers of patients with schizophrenia' s QOL In summary, it seems that "informal care" is playing an important role in the care of patients with schizophrenia and this issue...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 19:20

... starting with the first month post initiation and continuing through the end of the year The mean cumulative days of hospitalization at the end of each of the 12 months post initiation indicated ... olanzapine and risperidone on the risk of psychiatric hospitalization for patients with schizophrenia who were treated in usual care settings Current findings complement prior findings from clinical ... therapeutic option since patients receiving olanzapine may require less psychiatric inpatient care In addition to having economic implications, the current findings are clinically meaningful to treatment...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 20:23

... connectivity, with findings of reduced size of the anterior limb of the internal capsule in schizophrenia, postmortem and MRI findings of smaller medial dorsal nucleus volume in schizophrenia and ... brain Each tract length is measured from the individual voxel location in the internal capsule region of interest along the tract to its termination Manual tracing of the anterior limb of the internal ... the internal capsule and termination of tracts in the frontal lobe as it was symmetrically in the midline and determined in exact reference to our traced volume of the internal capsule This reduced...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 21:20

... there was incomplete absorption of a single dose of varenicline, leading to insufficient levels of the drug in the brain [46] Furthermore, Freedman [47] reported the case of a patient with schizophrenia ... [11C]CHIBA-1001 [52,53] in the intact brains of patients with schizophrenia is currently underway Finally, several limitations of this study should be mentioned One of the main limitations of this trial ... receiving stable doses of all of these medications in the weeks preceding the trial and throughout the entire duration of the study In all, 10 patients in the placebo group and 11 patients in the...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 23:21

... generalizability of the study’s findings as the population included in this study may not be fully representative of all patient types encountered in real-world settings Furthermore, the findings reported ... (occurring in ≥10% of subjects) during the entire study were headache, auditory hallucinations and insomnia Most AEs were mild to moderate in severity Discontinuations due to AEs occurred in 13 ... 52 weeks of longterm treatment Importantly, improvements in symptoms of schizophrenia were not limited to clinician assessment of symptoms; improvement in quality of life measured using the WHOQOL-BREF...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 01:21

... the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV, being clinically stable (defined as having had no changes in severity or new treatments initiated in the last month), and taking a single oral antipsychotic ... afford greater insight in describing and grading the impact of side effects associated to antipsychotic drugs [15,16] A brief instrument is preferred for use in clinical practice and in investigations ... results with Page of the original version to ensure conceptual equivalence (intermediate version 2.0) Finally, all the expert translators participated in the proof reading test of the intermediate...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 01:21

... an information processing inefficiency that is a central feature of the cognitive deficit in schizophrenia [40], can easily be used in clinical settings Further research is needed to determine ... additional information obtained that aids in making a clinical judgment Thus, the assigned score is not simply a composite of the four items [48,49] but allows for the tracking of functioning in the ... to be one of the main predictors of psychosocial functioning, being independent of gender [27] This supports the hypothesis that cognitive variables are better predictors of functioning than symptomatology...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 01:21

... areas in the affected organs [4] Dopamine receptors exist in cardiac tissue [5] The activation of dopamine D2 receptors decreased heart rate, arterial blood pressure [5] The expression of dopamine ... from Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute (Nanjing, China) Page of 11 reperfusion group, cells subjected to h of simulated ischemia followed by 24 h of reperfusion; bromocriptine and haloperidol ... ischemia/reperfusion injury In this paper, we examined whether bromocriptine (a selective agonist of dopamine D receptors) or haloperidol (dopamine D2 receptors antagonist) play a role in cardiomyocyte...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 05:21

... work) including working for pay, being a student, housekeeping, and volunteer work in the past months Productivity level was assessed by study investigators on a 5-point scale: No useful functioning, ... findings may generalize to schizophrenia patients treated in usual care settings Lastly, as this research is the first to systematically investigate the productivity levels in treatment of schizophrenia, ... Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) Clinical Guideline 82 Schizophrenia: Core interventions in the treatment and management of schizophrenia in adults in primary and secondary care [http://www.nice.org.uk/CG082]...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 15:22

... importance of monitoring the physical health of people with SMI and research into appropriate interventions [14] A number of factors may explain this increased burden of physical ill-health in people ... education, and duration of illness in the model We also included age and gender a priori in this analysis in view of their potential confounding effect on Of 245 people attending the clinics who were ... with schizophrenia also suggests that these interventions can indeed be effective, for instance in reducing antipsychotic-induced weight gain [42] We did not evaluate cognitive functioning in our...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 15:22

... evidence of inter-rater reliability on the ratings of soft signs; rater blind to the status of the participant (although adequate blinding is difficult to attain and this bias cannot be fully eliminated); ... Examination [15] were each used in studies (see table 2) The group of first -degree relatives was categorised as a “mixed” group in studies [14,24] as they included a combination of offspring, ... endophenotype of schizophrenia Page of Neurological soft signs can be elicited quickly, reliably and cheaply [13], they could be used in ordinary clinical settings to establish that an individual...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 15:22

... baseline-to-Week 12 improvement across all functional subdomains of the Schizophrenia Objective Functioning Instrument, a validated functional measure including subdomains of living situation, instrumental ... could help clinicians optimize treatment Early improvement in symptoms of schizophrenia in response to olanzapine LAI not only predicted later response in a total measure of symptoms of schizophrenia, ... consists of a semi-structured interview administered by a trained clinician and provides information on symptoms and functioning during the preceding weeks Each item is scored Page of from to...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 15:22

... underlying changes in insight in schizophrenia Improving insight in schizophrenia is a challenging task that needs careful consideration During the development of the intervention, some clinicians ... semi-structured interview to assess insight, based on David’s three dimensions of insight The SAI-E takes both the opinion of the interviewer and the caretakers into account Page of Insight Item G12 of the ... is one of the thirty items of the PANSS and exist of a seven-point scale, ranging from (very good insight) to seven (no insight) Item G12 of the PANSS is often used to assess insight in psychosis...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 16:20

... evaluation of VO2peak should be incorporated in clinical practice Finally, these finding represent an urging need for developing effective physical training interventions for patients with schizophrenia ... entering the laboratory Warm-up was ten minute walking or running on the treadmill at an intensity corresponding to 60-70% HRpeak The test started from warm-up speed (with minimum 5% inclination) ... large doses of chlorpromazine Acta Med Scand 1968, 184:499-509 14 Heggelund J, Nilsberg GE, Hoff J, Morken G, Helgerud J: Effects of high aerobic intensity training in patients with schizophrenia- A...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 16:21

... Ell PJ, Cunningham VJ, Pilowsky LS: Analysis of D2 dopamine receptor occupancy with quantitative SPET using the high-affinity ligand [123I] epidepride: resolving conflicting findings Neuroimage ... of D2 receptors at the glutamatergic terminals of the frontostriatal projection and the autoreceptors on the dopaminergic terminals in the striatum The dynamics of the population activities of ... Abramoff A, Barrett J, Laird AR, Bearden CE, Velligan DI: Beyond hypofrontality: A quantitative meta-analysis of functional neuroimaging studies of working memory in schizophrenia Hum Brain Mapp...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 16:22

... their written informed consent Of the 113 inpatients initially invited to participate in the study, refused to participate, yielding a final sample of 104 subjects (92% of the initial sample) ... called into question by recent studies indicating shared genetic determinants of bipolar disorder and schizophrenia [24] In spite of these overlaps, there has been little research examining the ... cut-off points For instance, a review of adolescent research used the age of 17 to distinguish child- and adolescent-onset from adult-onset schizophrenia [26] Because 17 years of age is the cut-off...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 16:22

... the exception of higher rates of schizophrenia among racial minorities living in larger cities [2,3] However, the diagnosis of schizophrenia has been shown to be more frequent in black patients ... groups The majority of schizophrenia patients enrolled in clinical trials is of white descent and separate results for ethnic minorities are infrequently reported Currently, minimal information exists ... weight gain (defined as an increase from baseline ≥7% at anytime) was 36.1% in the black patient group compared to 30.4% in the white patient group (P = 021) Since one-half (3 of 6) of the studies...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 16:22