nanomaterials conducting polymers and their nanocomposites for solar energy

... prokaryotic ligand-gated ion channels and their implications for the mechanisms and origins of animal Cys-loop ion channels Asba Tasneem*, Lakshminarayan M Iyer†, Eric Jakobsson* and L Aravind† ... 6:R4 cationic) receptors and their relatives and the classical glycine-GABA type (usually anionic) receptors and their relatives [2,7,14,15] emergence of the animal lineage, and has been lost repeatedly ... motif and the basic residue could potentially form a salt bridge to stabilize the 'outer sheet' of the β sandwich and thereby regulate the preferential movement of the sheets after ligand binding...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 14:21

... (filer paper), BWX and PWSD The enzyme kinetic studies for cellulase and xylanase (Km and Vmax) were performed with 1-10 mg/ml of CMC and BWX, respectively [35] The crude cellulase and xylanase were ... literature for individual microorganisms: 27 kDa for a Thermotoga maritima cellulase [58]; 45 kDa for a B licheniformis xylanase [59]; 60 kDa for a Bacillus sp cellulase [60]; and 75 kDa for a recombinant ... degradation and conversion for sustainable production of bioenergy and highvalue products; enzyme production and catalysis, bioremediation and biorefineries Lew is the author of patents and over...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 16:11

... report on ONE STANDARD and ONE STANDARD ONLY Enter the exact number of the standard: (e.g 60601-1-1) Q6 standard is out of date standard is incomplete standard is too academic standard is too superficial ... 18.10 Ozone resistance test for EPR and HEPR insulations 67 18.11 Hot set test for EPR, HEPR and XLPE insulations and elastomeric sheaths 67 18.12 Oil immersion test for elastomeric sheaths ... Tests for determining the mechanical properties of insulation before and after ageing 61 18.4 Tests for determining the mechanical properties of non-metallic sheaths before and after...

Ngày tải lên: 25/12/2013, 11:08

... responsibility for errors or for information which is found to be misleading. Suggestions for or descriptions of the end use or application of products or methods of working are for information only and ... the importance of microstructure for the corrosion resistance properties, physical proper- ties and mechanical properties of the steels and provide information on their weldability – give advice ... selection of filler metals for differ- ent steel grades – inform briefly on different filler metal forms – provide practical advice for the welding of stainless steels. COMPOSITION AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES The...

Ngày tải lên: 14/03/2014, 12:21

... of Science and Technology (Espoo, Finland) on the 3 of November, 2010, at 12 noon. rd ON THE TRANSFORMATION PROCESSES OF THE GLOBAL PULP AND PAPER INDUSTRY AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS FOR CORPORATE ... Sappi Europe and Mr Jarmo Salonen from M-real for their comments. And finally, I am deeply grateful for the patience and support of my family for their constant encouragement over many years ... relatively slow in expanding in these markets, and they should reconsider their current strategies for the emerging markets. R& D efforts have been intensified to find new products and entire new...

Ngày tải lên: 18/03/2014, 02:20

... planning reforms are needed to respond to changing demands including better demand models that account for demographic and economic factors that affect travel demands, and more comprehensive and multi-modal ... costs, and growing demand by residents for alternative modes, communities increasingly demand more diverse and efficient transport systems Automobile Travel Marginal Benefits and Costs Benefits and ... travel options, increasing health and environmental concerns, and changing consumer preferences are reducing demand for automobile travel and increasing demand for alternatives Automobile travel...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 10:20

... The most popular and commercially available are the sutures made from PGA, PLA and their copolymers. For laying continuous sutures, however, 10 1 Biodegradable Polymers and Their Practical ... Utrecht 17 Chandra, R and Rustgi, R (1998) Biodegradable polymers Progress in Polymer Science, 23, 1273 18 Chandy, T and. .. oxode- 27 28 1 Biodegradable Polymers and Their Practical ... are polysaccharides such as starch and cellulose and proteins such as casein and wheat gluten. 2 1 Biodegradable Polymers and Their Practical Utility • Polymers produced by “ classical ”...

Ngày tải lên: 22/04/2014, 22:38

... viruses causing epidemics and peri- odic worldwide pandemics represents a threat for human population. Therefore, current, hot task of influenza virus research is to look for a way how to get us ... is aided by CD4+ T helper and T cell-derived cytokines essential for the activation and differentiation of both B-cell responses and CD8+ T cell responses. Staneková and Varečková Virology Journal ... cross-protective humoral and cell-mediated immune response against any influ- enza virus. Their efficac y is limited due to the gene tic variation of influenza viruses. Therefore, their annual reformulation...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 02:20

... situations where their aggression was rein- forced, and in fact might even lead to desired goals. It was f elt that this formulation led to a poorer prognosis for proactive children and youth, and also ... steiner@stanford.edu 1 Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Psychia try and Behavioral Sciences, 401 Quarry Road, Stanford, Californ ia, 94305, USA Full list of author information ... people and their propensity to become criminals in the wake of disloca- tion from home and while struggling with separation from their families of origin. “ Forty-Four Juvenile Thieves: Their...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 18:21

... maximal values for minPvalue, j and meanPvalue, j , and the minimal values for AICj and BICj across the datasets for each distribution type The bold and the italic values are the best one and the worst ... where x1, x2 and x3 are input quanti‐ ties, u ( x1), u ( x2) and u ( x3) are their respective uncertainties and y and u ( y ) are the measurand and its uncertainty, re‐ spectively; and b) propagation ... Simulation research and applications I am also grate‐ ful to InTech for their support in editing this book, in particular, Ms Iva Simcic and Ms Ana Nikolic for their publishing and editorial assistance...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 12:20

... HD term and HB term represent exchange interaction energy, magnetic dipole interaction energy and applied magnetic field energy, respectively Here Si denotes the spin state of i-th cell and rij ... interaction energy HJ, a magnetic dipole interaction energy HD, a magnetic anisotropy energy HA and an applied magnetic field energy HB; H = H J + HD + H A + HB (4) HJ term, HD term and HB term ... lattice site orientation is generated randomly and its energy E1 is calculated according to (2) Then a new random orientation is given to the i -th lattice site and energy E2 after reorientation is...

Ngày tải lên: 29/06/2014, 13:20

... Bournel and Hervé Jaouen Chapter 15 Monte Carlo Device Simulations 385 Dragica Vasileska, Katerina Raleva and Stephen M Goodnick Chapter 16 Wang-Landau Algorithm and its Implementation for the ... programming languages and tools, the rapid growth of computing power and the availability of ever more advanced and powerful hardware, the need for increasingly complex and powerful computational ... characterization, security and examination of various other specimens The most used techniques for obtaining images are radioscopy for 2D and computed tomography (CT) for 3D imaging Apart from...

Ngày tải lên: 29/06/2014, 13:20

... between mass and energy which rarely happens in practical engineering processes, one can explain energy conservation, indicating total energy as the sum of the kinetic energy and potential energy, ... integral factors: T for dQ and P ¯ fordW Therefore, dS and dV are exact differentials: S and V are state functions Thus, ¯ ΔS = B dQ ¯ A T ≥0 (26) where the equals sign is for a reversible process ... intermolecular forces and torques, whereas the moves sampled according to the standard Metropolis algorithm are chosen randomly in an arbitrary direction Therefore, if the influence of forces acting...

Ngày tải lên: 29/06/2014, 13:20

... information into a waveform for transmission over a communication channel, which may introduce various forms of distortion as well as noise, and mapping the received waveform into digital information ... set to For the simple case of and and and are set to to the output of the IFFT is: where Of course the scaling by a factor of two is immaterial and can be dropped This real orthogonal transformation ... eigenvalues of the correlation function are and where For a Gaussian random process y(t), the coefficients in Equation 2.37 are Gaussian random variables and their powers are the corresponding eigenvalues...

Ngày tải lên: 02/03/2013, 16:58

... information into a waveform for transmission over a communication channel, which may introduce various forms of distortion as well as noise, and mapping the received waveform into digital information ... set to For the simple case of and and and are set to to the output of the IFFT is: where Of course the scaling by a factor of two is immaterial and can be dropped This real orthogonal transformation ... eigenvalues of the correlation function are and where For a Gaussian random process y(t), the coefficients in Equation 2.37 are Gaussian random variables and their powers are the corresponding eigenvalues...

Ngày tải lên: 27/06/2014, 15:20

... and vice versa For strictly band-limited baseband signals, Equation (1.40) states the following equivalence between baseband and passband transmission: we consider the detector for the baseband ... Equivalence of (a) wideband and (b) complex baseband AWGN for bandlimited detection unit of N0 is [W/Hz], which is the same as the unit [J] for the energy Usually, N0 is written as dBm/Hz For T0 = 290 K, ... Fourier transform is well defined for finite -energy signals Now, let s(t) and r(t) be two signals of finite energy, and S(f ) and R(f ) denote their Fourier transforms Then, s, r = S, R holds This fact...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 19:22

... orthogonal Let u(t) and v(t) be two other finite -energy signals strictly bandlimited to B/2 and define √ u(t) = cos (2πf0 t) u(t) ˜ and √ v(t) = − sin (2πf0 t) v(t) ˜ Show that u, x = u, x ˜ ˜ and v, y = ... I D and QD are uniquely determined by u, I v = I D u, v ˜ ˜ and u, Qv = QD u, v ˜ ˜ for any (real-valued) finite -energy signal u(t) and v(t) Mathematically speaking, ˜ this means that I D and ... operators I and Q For the theory of linear operators, see for example (Reed and Simon 1980) Show that the definitions E {w(t1 )w(t2 )} = N0 δ(t1 − t2 ) and N0 φ1 , φ2 are equivalent conditions for the...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 19:22

... we have used the shorthand notation L = L(S = +1) Now let S1 and S2 be two independent random signs and define S = S1 · S2 and write L1 , L2 , L for the corresponding LLRs for the positive sign ... have fallen back into the loose notation for random variables, that is, we use x for the random variable and CHANNEL CODING 111 for the value of the random variable as well We may replace P (x) ... write Bk for the set of those vectors b ∈ B for which bk = and Bk for the set of those for which bk = Then, P (bk = 0|y) = P (b|y) (0) b∈Bk and P (bk = 1|y) = P (b|y) (1) b∈Bk hold and the LLR...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 19:22

... corresponding to DC in the complex baseband and to the center frequency fc in the passband, with negative k for the lower sideband and positive k for the upper sideband For reasons of symmetry, we may ... necessary de–interleaver −1 at the input for Lc and La and the s interleaver at the output for Le and L2 of RSC2 are included inside the SISO2 The MAP decoder for convolutional codes will be implemented ... stands for a system of numbers, where addition and multiplication and the corresponding inverses are defined and which is commutative The existence of an (multiplicative) inverse is crucial: for...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 19:22

... (Banelli and Baruffa 2001; D’Andrea et al 1996) and references therein) 4.3 Synchronization and Channel Estimation Aspects for OFDM Systems 4.3.1 Time and frequency synchronization for OFDM systems ... rate would be necessary to evaluate the performance degradations for a given OFDM system and a given amplifier for the concrete modulation and coding scheme For a given modulation scheme, the disturbances ... , f2 and transmit the bits numbers and on f1 and the bits numbers and on f2 , we have different power laws for different error events Let (0000) be the transmitted code word The power law for...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 19:22