na dependent transporters and the physiological role of the npp

... and conserved domains of both the MFS and the OAT family (Additional data file and 5) Members of the OAT family catalyze the transport of organic anion and cations and are found only within the ... CAATCH1 [59] and KAAT1 [60] - from the gut epithelium of the insect Manduca sexta These transporters catalyze the Na+ -dependent (Km (Na+ ) ≈ mM) or K+- dependent (Km (K+) ≈ 32 mM) transport of amino ... depend on Na+ -driven transport processes; the influx of Na+ via the NPP, and the consequent increase in [Na+ ] in the infected erythrocyte cytosol may be important for this reason The Na+ -dependent...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 14:21

... two scales: the study of single receptor-ligand reaction, and the study of the cell-cell adhesion (Zhu et al 2000) In the study of single receptor-ligand reaction, thermodynamic models and kinetic ... domain of PfEMP1 binds to KAHRP and PfEMP3, and the external binding domains are extruded out of the knob structure It acts as the adhesion ligand of iRBCs, and binds to various host receptors on the ... while the resultant adhesion force was proportional to the surface ligand density, and inversely proportional to the cell rigidity, the ligand density played a major role in affecting the resultant...

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 18:52

... attached to the internal and external faces of the tubes The upper tube controls the motion in z direction and the other tube which is split into quarters controls the motions in x and y directions ... Figure 2.9 The principle of phase imaging There exists phase shift between the oscillation of actuator and the oscillation of cantilever When touching the surface, not only the amplitude of the cantilever ... function of unbinding force the gas constant loading rate temperature time the natural vibration frequency factor of the dissociation of the bond in vacuum the natural vibration frequency factor of the...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 14:34

... mechanism of globin m-RNA stability in human RBCs Further experiments are needed to understand the mechanisms and the biological meaning of these findings But gene expression profiling of human ... protein synthesis in human platelets by megakaryocyte-derived mRNAs 19 The finding of RNA in anucleate cells like erythrocytes support the idea of nucleus independent protein synthesis and supports ... provided in the PAXgene Blood RNA Kit (Qiagen, Germany) and tested with RNA LabChip Kit by 2100 Bioanalyzer (Agilent, USA) cDNA was synthesised from 5µg total RNA using the SuperScript Double-Stranded...

Ngày tải lên: 03/11/2012, 10:58

... same region, the presence of two additional species at 2.03–2.06 p.p.m are likely a result of –CH3 signals of GlcNAc-5 and GlcNAc-5¢ and point to the presence of both bi- and triantennary glycan ... protons of the N-acetyl groups In the spectrum, the presence of sialic acid is confirmed by the detection of a –CH3 signal around 2.07, proximate to the –CH3 signals for GlcNAc-2 and GlcNAc-7 (Table ... quantifying the anomeric protons, the H-2 protons of mannose residues, the H-5 and H-6 protons of fucose residues, the N-acetyl protons of GlcNAc, and the H3-equitorial and H3-axial protons of N-glycolylneuraminic...

Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 19:20

... applications of these alpha-lactalbumin tubes, in food, pharmacy and nanotechnology We studied the mechanism of self-assembly, the structure and the properties of the nanotubes Limited proteolysis of the ... tumors) and clinical trials (cancers of the mammary gland, urinary bladder and prostate) were comparing the processes of formation of the pool of free amino acids and their derivatives in the blood ... center, and analyzed the reaction of OxdA with the substrate on the millisecond scale Results: The combination of site-directed mutagenesis of OxdA, enzyme assay on the mutants, and CD and resonance...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 20:20

... conception of this study AS was responsible for data acquisition and data presentation, performed the analysis and interpretation of data, and was responsible for the writing of the manuscript RK and ... acquisition and data presentation and performed the analysis and interpretation of data SH was responsible for data acquisition and data presentation TH-L performed the analysis and interpretation of ... considering the presence of NRBCs as an independent variable in this score, as suggested for the abbreviated burn severity index in patients with burns [25] The analysis of the lifespan of the patients...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 03:21

... the age of the RBC unit at the time of transfusion and the leukodepletion status The age of the blood was determined by subtracting the date of collection from the date of transfusion The donation ... gastrointestinal bleeding (21, 3.2%), trauma (50, 6.6%), and operative gastrointestinal bleeding (15, 2.0%) The number of transfusions and the age of RBCs are included in Table Age of RBCs and hospital ... mortality The mean (median, standard error) pretransfusion hemoglobin level was 7.8 (7.7, 0.03) g/dl The ages of the oldest RBCs and unadjusted hospital mortalities for the quartiles of the whole...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 08:21

... is the basis of measuring the material properties of the sample and the forces between the tip and the sample surface AFM is able to acquire force-distance curves on every kind of surface and ... studies of the cytoskeleton and its relationship with the cell elasticity will help us to better understand the role of cytoskeleton in the control of cell shape, cell synthetic activities, and cell ... The height of the cell was close to ~2 µm and the observed diameter was ~9 µm Due to the angle of AFM tip used (the triangular based pyramidal tip), there are apparent slope on the sides of the...

Ngày tải lên: 30/09/2015, 14:23

... transport Na+ ,K+,X(2)+ ΔΨ K+ (Na+ ) Na+ ,K+,X(2)+ H+ K+ 3Na+ K+ Ca2+ 2K+ ATP NaCO Na 3- Na+ /K+/2Cl- Na+ Cl- Na+ Na+ /K+/2Cl- K+/ClNa+ (Mn2+) Na+ /aa H+ K+/ClLi+ Mg2+ Na+ /aa Fig 4: Overview of the principal ... separated and named according to their electrophoresis mobility in the SDS-PAGE The slowest migrating band is band (on top); the next band is band protein, and so on Sub-bands are designated with ... opening and closing, and they have a selectivity filter The high-frequency switch between the open and closed state of the channel is termed gating, and the duration of opening is called open time The...

Ngày tải lên: 15/11/2015, 12:54

... contributions CG and IB made RNA and c-DNA preparations and PCR analyses CG was involved in the design of the study and preparation of the manuscript AG and ASJ participated in exosome purification and study ... 57,5 TBS 53-M-Algeria NA NA NA Anti-EBNA: 2,79 Anti-VCA: 2,46 < 200 37,7 TBS 34-F-France NA NA NA Anti-EBNA: 0,07 Anti-VCA: 4,57 < 200 3,47 TBS 29-F-France NA NA NA Anti-EBNA: 5,56 Anti-VCA: 1,65 ... detected in the plasma and body fluids of NPC patients The aim of this study was to investigate secretion of BART miRNAs by NPC cells and their diffusion in the plasma of NPC-xenografted mice and NPC...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 01:22

... accumulation in these cells, through the uptake of oxLDL/LDL, is believed to be of fundamental importance to the etiology and pathogenesis of atherogenesis and atherosclerosis and other chronic ... of 15 (page number not for citation purposes) Journal of Translational Medicine 2008, 6:59 to the same assay run on a "standard curve" consisting of a dilution series of cDNA prepared from RNA ... the RNA Nano-chip (Agilent), using the RIN (RNA Integrity Number) algorithm [30] provided with the instrument software For these samples, the mean RIN ranged from 4.1–8.8, with a mean RIN of 6.8...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 15:20

... induces the activation and expression of PAR-2 in gastric epithelial cells [21,22] These results demonstrate the possible relations of the expression of PAR-2, the activation of MAPK, and apoptosis ... blot analysis To investigate the relations of apoptotic cell death, the expression of PAR-2, and the activation of MAPK in H pylori-infected gastric epithelial cells, cell viability and DNA fragmentation ... death and DNA fragmentation Inhibition of PAR-2 expression suppresses H pyloriinduced activation of MAPK in gastric epithelial cells To determine the role of PAR-2 on the activation of MAPK, the...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... conceiving the study, acquiring and managing the data, analyzing the data and interpreting the results, drafting and revising the manuscript, and approving the manuscript in its final form RA, KK, and ... measurements and analysis The thenar tissue oxygen saturation (StO2) and the tissue hemoglobin index (THI), an indicator of the blood volume in the region of the microvasculature sensed by the NIRS ... acquiring and managing the data, revising the manuscript, and approving the manuscript in its final form EA contributed to performing statistical analysis, acquiring and managing the data, revising the...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 22:20

... Tolerance to anemia is highly dependent on the volume status of the patient, physiological reserve, and the dynamics of the anemia (for example, chronic, such as the anemia of sepsis, versus acute, ... in the degree of severity of hypoxia preceding the RBC transfusion [31], which influences the dependency of VO2 on DO2 Methodological problems (imprecision in determination of VO2, assessment of ... significant association of RBC transfusion with mortality On the other hand, analysis of data from a multicenter, prospective, observational study of 3,147 patients in 198 European ICUs (the SOAP study)...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 23:20

... Some of the components of the red cells exist in entirety in the structural portion of the cell, although it would appear that others occur in both the membrane and the free fluid of the cell Therefore, ... Sheetz and Singer [29] The phenomenon reflects the tight packing of membrane lipids, the independent motion of lipids in the inner or outer half of the bilayer, and the extreme thinness of the membrane ... about 40 % of the total PC, and only 20 % of the total PC is present at the brushborder of a rabbit’s gut [6] The biological significance of the variation of phospholipid distribution among the various...

Ngày tải lên: 29/06/2014, 11:20

... mures fo lavomer rof dna stset noitanitulggameh rof snoitartnecnoc etycorhtyre fo noitazidradnatS OL usoW 5991,8661 -1661 ,96 loriV J sisylana noitatnemelpmoc suriv selsaem dna VDC yb detartsulli ... ecneluriv rof ecnacifingis sti dna snieorpocylg lariv eht fo egavaelc cityloetorP R ttoR ,DH knelK ,Y iagaN 1791 ,488-678 ,651 cossA deM teV mA J ainepokuelnap enilef fo yduts eht rof serudecorp ... < ( tnacifingis yllacitsitats saw sniarts eerht eht fo emit noitule naem eht neewteb ecnereffid ehT )1 elbaT( niarts cinegotnel eht rof nim 54 ot 02 dna niarts cinegosem eht fo selpmas rof nim...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 18:21

... tiknurihirP kasgnaerK 461 .ylevitcepser ,SAP dna ulg-β rof evitisop ylkaew )G & F( EANA rof evitisop ylgnorts )E( ylevitcepser ,BBS dna REP rof evitagen )D & C( ylevitcepser ,W dna GW ,selunarg elprup ... detaelcuna ,dnuor llams fo puorg )B & A( :steletalP ylevitcepser ,SAP dna ulg-β ,EANA rof evitisop )G & F ,E( ylevitcepser ,BBS dna REP rof evitagen )D & C( ylevitcepser ,W dna GW ,msalpotyc dnab ... +/+/setyconoM )ralunarg enif( + )ralunarg( ++ )ralunarg( + slihposaB )ralunargretni( ++ )selunarg yrehpirep( + )ralunargretni( + slihponisoE ++ ++ *+ +++ +++ slihportueN SAP ulg-β EANA BBS REP epyt...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 20:23

... IL-12, IL-18, the combination of IL-12 and IL-18, or the combination of IL-12, IL-18, and IL-18BP (a) PBMCs were cultured for days with ng/ml of IL-12, and various concentrations of IL-18 (b) ... demonstrated in the synovium of RA patients [20,21], and the major effect of IL-18 is to increase the IFN-γ-dominant T-cell response induced by IL-12 [21] T cells and NK cells are the major source of IFN-γ ... important role in the Th1-type immune response through the induction of IFN-γ synthesis in T cells and NK cells, T-cell proliferation, and cytokine production [15] Significant levels of expression of...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 01:23

... acceptable prediction of responsiveness, we tested a series of combinations of transcripts in the 20 patients from each subset 2, and we varied the number and identity of the transcripts actually ... drawback of such PBMC analysis is the lack of a clear-cut relationship between PBMCs and the affected synovium, which prevents the resulting data from providing an understanding of the RAassociated ... Image analysis with the XDotsReader software, version 1.8 (COSE, Le Bourget, France), subtractions of noise and spot background, and image normalization with the median value of all signals per...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 08:22