mortality in copd the role of comorbidities

... effect of changes on the capital levels on performance hinges on the recent theory of the banking firm, which is based on the ‘specialness’ of banks in a setting in which there are asymmetries of information ... to single out the impact of one single merger from the others in the sample as a few of banks on the sample merged several times Second, when considering a longer time span, the effect of other ... however, the process of banking integration seems far from completed and is expected to continue reshaping the European financial landscape in the years to come.1 First, many of the forces underpinning...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 09:22

... counsellors themselves During interviews, some lay counsellors spoke of their influence in lessening stigma as well as representing community role models These understandings reinforce their position of ... all the lay counsellors we interviewed were interested in future training and continuing in what was considered a professional field, including obtaining advanced certificates and degrees The ... component of the training includes instruction as well as role- plays and case studies to ensure that trainees understand the concepts and methods of HIV counselling and testing In the four-week...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 17:20

... secure the services of eminent members of appropriate professions in the examination of policy matters pertaining to the health of the public The Institute acts under the responsibility given to the ... recognizes the superior achievements of engineers Dr Charles M Vest is president of the National Academy of Engineering The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences ... degradation in myosin heavy chain and actin proteins, which are the principal proteins involved in muscle contraction Muscle genes affecting these proteins are rapidly downregulated within 24 hours of...

Ngày tải lên: 29/06/2014, 09:20

... However, these two groups were very similar, supporting the view that the calf’s myostatin genotype is more in uential than that of its dam in determining the difficulty of calving The objective of ... sold on as calves by the time of recording The animals included in the molecular analysis of Smith et al [20] (107 total) were also included in the 321 in this study Animals in the sample were recorded ... deletion is in the third exon of the gene and is a frameshift mutation resulting in the production of an inactive, truncated protein Other mutations associated with increased muscling have also...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 18:21

... 2-year mortality of 36 [6] to 49% [5] Several studies have been conducted in order to identify the risk factors of mortality in COPD and there is a concomitant increasing interest in modifying the ... were included in the study During the two-year follow-up 122 (29.3%) of the 416 patients died The primary cause of death was respiratory in 79 patients, cardiovascular in 21, malignancy in 7, other ... Competing interests The author(s) declare that they have no competing interests Authors' contributions GG participated in the design of the study and drafted the manuscript TG participated in the...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 16:20

... and blood vessels in COPD In COPD patients, as compared to non -COPD patients an increased staining for fibronectin in the neointima, for collagen type IV and laminin in the medial layer, and ... increase the strength of the muscle In addition, the remodelling of the connective tissue in the smooth muscle compartment could increase or decrease the amount of radial constraint provided to the ... also be involved in the vascular component of the bronchial remodelling in COPD, however experimental data are lacking in this area Similarly, MMPs could also play a role in angiogenesis in COPD, ...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 11:22

... 2010 in Pubmed, Embase and Cochrane Collaboration containing the following keywords: COPD in conjunction with smoking, gene polymorphisms, vitamins, FEV1, vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin D, vitamin ... with the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or with an increase in symptoms were not included in this review [44-51] Further we did not examine the influence of caloric intake on COPD ... improvement in lung function [25] These studies showed a protective role of vitamins against COPD but did not measure vitamins in serum or with a FFQ Therefore conclusions about the special role of any...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 13:22

... modulate the inflammatory profile after a viral infection by blocking the poly(I: C) induced chemokine and cytokine production while maintaining the antiviral activity [28,59] As epithelial cells ... elevated in induced sputum of COPD patients and a causative role has been suggested in the development of COPD [90] VitD also to attenuates TNFalpha induced upregulation of MMP-9 in keratinocytes ... the review, all authors contributed in writing and reviewing the paper All authors read and approved the final manuscript Competing interests The authors declare that they have no competing interests...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 13:22

... examine the effect of BMI in the development of acute organ failure and subsequent mortality in a large, population-based, prospective cohort We also wished to determine the role of DM in modifying ... cohort Outcome variables The primary outcomes of interest were the risk of the development of acute organ failure within three years of the baseline examination, in- hospital mortality related to ... prepared in collaboration with investigators of the ARIC study and does not necessarily reflect the opinions or views of the ARIC study or the NHLBI The coauthors had full access to all of the data in...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 03:20

... profitability is declining The internalization of information within the same institution may thus enhance intra-circuit and inter-circuit stability by reducing the incentive to overfinancing The ... Creating a stronger investor base amounts to strengthening the circuit by completing the financial market structure of the economy, thus eliminating discontinuities in the transmission of information ... placing money with investment financial institutions in the capital market, and hold the remaining share in noninterest bearing, short-term bank deposits (eq 7) The share of savings going to the...

Ngày tải lên: 24/10/2012, 09:33

... advantageous in serving transport in the Mekong Delta linking to Cambodia The total length of the inland waterway (IW) system is about 40,998 km, mainly in the Red River Delta and the Mekong Delta In the ... forwarding activities of the S.R of Vietnam, and on this basis to integrate with such professional colleagues on the world The Association has the role of coordinating the activities of the members ... conditions for business associations, as well implemented strategies on developing and increasing the quality of trade services of the Ministry of Trade and the Ministry of Transport Being the intermediary...

Ngày tải lên: 27/10/2012, 16:42

... English at the expense of the other languages that exist in the country, the adult language program in Botswana maintains the hegemony and the gap between the poor and the rich, the major and minority ... for the betterment of their conditions It could mobilize the so called minorities to oppose their status and challenge the hegemony of the majority communities in Botswana 31 In most parts of the ... is for the most part the preserve of the few (elites) The choice of which language or dialect to use to teach (medium of instruction) reflects the interests of those elite In countries in which...

Ngày tải lên: 05/11/2012, 16:27

... categories of business-to-business advertising are industrial and professional advertising b.1 Industrial advertising Advertising targeted at individuals who buy or influence the purchase of industrial ... development of the industry also fosters the other industries in society, which contributes to the development of the economy as a whole In Vietnam, spending for advertising is rather lower than that in ... advertising industry Since the opening policy and law of foreign investment, advertising industry has seen remarkable changes The growth rate of advertising service is the highest in economy, in which...

Ngày tải lên: 16/04/2013, 11:05

... raising the profile of women in management However, during this period of research, there was an emerging recognition of the importance of a concern for people in the behavioural theories as being ... anything towards raising the profile of women in management, as the theory was constructed as a male model at a time when women were not visible in paid employment One of the off shoots of the ... enabling of others to help achieve the goals of the organisation Furthermore, the ability to control others is given no prominence in this recent definition of leadership A brief review of early...

Ngày tải lên: 08/10/2013, 15:56

... relies on the securities booking system of the CGSDTC and the bond trading system of the inter-bank lending centre The trading system of the national inter-bank lending centre provides pricing information, ... source of financing for enterprises, if their own capital is excluded In summary, the deepening process of the financial markets has rendered the dominance of the banking sector in the financial ... in turn contributed to the financial stability not only in Asia but also in the whole world Role of the international financial institutions ( IFIs ) The IFIs have played an active role in financial...

Ngày tải lên: 18/10/2013, 07:15

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2013, 05:20

... throughout the world bears little resemblance to teosinte, the original ancestor of corn The newer techniques involving genetic engineering, on the other hand, allow for the transfer of a few genes in ... create signiÞcant changes in the genetic makeup of plants and animals due to the random recombination and sorting of thousands of genes As a result of intervention by people, the hybrid seed corn ... commercially introduced in the U.S in 1996 and have been rapidly adopted by farmers It has been estimated that 24% of the corn and almost 70% of the soybeans and cotton grown in the U.S in 2001 were...

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2013, 21:20

... establishment of the Faculty of Arts and the Faculty of Medicine in 1935, the Faculty of Economics and Law in 1936, the Faculty of Theology in 1942 and, finally, the Faculty of Science in 1954 The main ... the Folketing, on the role of the University as the principal shareholder in Cheminova The listing of Cheminova on the Stock Exchange in 1986 and the establishment of the first science park in ... behind the economic upswing and increase in employment in Denmark since the start of the economic boom at the beginning of 1994 The Greater Copenhagen area together with the Municipalities of...

Ngày tải lên: 16/01/2014, 16:33

... critical in ensuring the effective use of ICTs in the health sector Programme designs should consider the role of the intermediary at the same time as, if not before, the role of the technology The ... reminding them about their medication The messages can be sent in one of three languages and in a range of styles to ensure they not become boring Of the 138 patients involved in the pilot, there ... that ‘there has been virtually no progress in making the internet available in the least developed countries, especially in the rural areas’ By including the rural population in the group of beneficiaries...

Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 09:20

... adults (39 ) The renewed interest in examining the indications for BCG vaccination in the United States included consideration of the wide range of vaccine efficacies determined by clinical trials ... explore the sources of the heterogeneity in the efficacy of the BCG vaccine reported in the individual studies Using a model that included the geographic latitude of the study site and the data ... efficacy of BCG vaccine in HCWs or b) the effects on efficacy of the vaccine strain administered Vol 45 / No RR-4 MMWR and the vaccinee’s age at the time of vaccination The protective efficacy of BCG...

Ngày tải lên: 15/02/2014, 13:20