molecular transport and the general property balance

... first, then the general property balance, followed by the combination of the balance and molecular transport The topic of convection is in Chapter Our treatment is especially strong in discerning the ... 7.3 The eneral Integral Balance 7.1.1 The Integral Mass Balance 7.1.2 The Integral Balance on an Individual Species 7.1.3 The Integral Momentum Balance 7.1.4 The Integral Energy Balance 7.1.5 The ... treats the equations and mechanisms of molecular transport Molecular transport may occur in solids, liquids, gases, or mixtures thereof The simplest example of molecular transport is the conduction...

Ngày tải lên: 02/04/2014, 16:46

... question regarding the bending stiffness, torsional stiffness, and permanent deformation of these staples The null hypothesis was that there was no difference in stiffness between the staples Methods ... Centigrade, these staples deform their limbs and generate compression The second of these, the Memory staple (Depuy, United Kingdom), is normally stored at – degrees Centigrade When the staple ... studies [3,4] The Tufnol tubes were 15 cm in length and they were osteotomised in the centre with a saw The osteotomised tubes were stabilised using a single staple applied perpendicular to the osteotomy...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 21:23

... and the pipeline under external pressure and the indentation condition for both the single wall pipe and the pipe-in-pipe, are developed and verified against the experimental data FE models and ... to the beam trawl by the warp line and towing chains The most popular type in the North Sea and the Norwegian Sea is the otterboard The number of clump weight trawls is decreasing because of the ... in the pipe, and N0 is the plastic force capacity of cross-section Wierzbicki and Suh (1988) developed the theory by dropping the approximate representation of the cross-section The original and...

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 11:25

... are located on the left side of the roller, and the other is the ‘‘pulled behavior’’ that occurs on the right side of the roller The ‘‘push’’ and ‘‘pull’’ action contributes to the near-perpendicular ... Here, the rotation angle was 0° when the tooth was located on the right side, the rotation angle was 90° when the tooth was located at the bottom, and the rotation angle was 180° when the tooth ... atoms (the X-axis is the direction of the substrate movement and the Z-axis is the vertical direction) It is a force, not a pressure because the evaluation without considering the action area The...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 20:20

... 127 to 621º C The amount of time DDGS spends in the dryer also influences the color In general, the higher the dryer temperature and the longer DDGS remains in the dryer, the darker the resulting ... segregation during transport and handling – particle and ingredient segregation (separation) occurs when particles of different sizes and bulk densities are blended together and transported or handled Pellet ... through each screen was determined and recorded The fine particles that filtered through all screens were collected in the pan and weighed The U.S sieve numbers and their corresponding size of screen...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2012, 10:03

... 430 Loading is similar to the laboratory tests, muscle forces affecting the strain distribution on the femur were neglected The resultant hip force FR on the head of the spacer can be resolved ... non-reinforced spacers Thereby loads exceeding 5000 – 6000 N caused a non-linear displacement behaviour of the reinforced spacer and resulted into periprosthetic fractures of the proximal part of the femur ... Femur Finite element model The locations where the maximum stresses occur on femur and spacer, respectively, are in accordance to the fractures within the laboratory tests The maximum equivalent...

Ngày tải lên: 26/10/2012, 09:53

... ratio and no reflections in the vicinity of the direct path Along the angular axis, the main lobe and side lobes of the antenna are visible, and along the time axis, the effects of windowing and ... Γ(t) and ξ(t) include the complex reflection coefficient of the surface, the antenna gain in the direction of the reflected path, and path attenuation The time dependence of Γ(t) and ξ(t) is due to the ... desirable to be able to say that the simulated and real observations are indistinguishable, which they are not On the other hand, the general multipath structures of the real and simulated results are...

Ngày tải lên: 20/11/2012, 11:32

... waste is the major source of decay, odor, and leachate in collection and transportation due to the high volatile solids (VS; 80~90%) and moisture content (75~85%) Food waste, consolidated in landfills ... Convention in recent future The enhancement of anaerobic digester is, therefore, urgent to reduce the amounts of the sludge cakes and improve the quality for reuse Phase separation and/ or codigestion ... measured and the sample from the supernatant was taken to analyze pH and organic concentrations If the pH value was out of the range from 5.0 to 6.0, it was re-adjusted using injection of either...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 08:40

... that the microorganisms within the H2-producing sludge were less active than those located at the surface (Snidaro et al., 1997) On the other hand, the ratio of the hydrodynamic radius (RH) to the ... With the ratio of RH/RA, the dynamic behavior of the sludge, i.e., the velocity ratio between the primary particle and the aggregate (Gmachowski, 1995), could be described Furthermore, the aggregate ... Of Sludge The most important numerical parameter in fractal theory is the fractal dimension (Df), which is usually very sensitive to the definition of the contour of the particle The theoretical...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 09:08

... oneligand case (b) two-ligand case; K1' and K2' represent the conditional stability constants of strong and weak ligand, respectively; Dotted line shows the resolved component of each ligand in the ... ligands having one representative conditional stability constant K' The slope of the line corresponds to the conditional stability constants K' The y-intercept of the line gives the product of the ... afterwards These results agreed with the SUVA results between and weeks of incubation This further implied that the weak Zn binding sites in the river water DOM were significantly altered and more...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 10:15

... Outline of the experimental field and the water treatment apparatus - 422 - Journal of Water and Environment Technology, Vol 8, No.4, 2010 Paddy field The characteristics of the paddy field and the ... 1a), the inlet point was in the middle, the outlet point was at the corner, surface soil type was sandy loam, no fertilizer was added in 2007, the crop plant was Akita-Komachi Rice, and the planting ... (ridge pitch) and 0.15 m (planting pitch) The paddling and transplanting were conducted on June and June 8, and the inundation began on June in 2007 A weir was at the outlet point, the height of...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 10:15

... cultivated There are two small streams on the upper part of the hill and the streams flow together from 47 m above sea level The water in the stream is the leachate from the grove and it flows ... periphery of the Seto Inland Sea The location of the research area and the distribution of the citrus groves in Matsuyama region are shown in Fig Matsuyama is situated in Shikoku Island in the southwestern ... 2002) The leachate from the grove, water in the streams, and water in the reservoir were collected periodically about once a week, and the onsite conditions such as weather, flow rate, and water...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 10:17

... where σ is the stress (Pa), ε is the strain, and D is the constitutive matrix Using hygrothermoelasticity theory, the effects of temperature and moisture as well as the mechanical forces on the behaviour ... to allow the reactant gases to dissolve and diffuse towards the catalyst surface Since the electrons travel through the solid matrix of the electrodes, these have to be connected to the catalyst ... characterized by the fixed-charge concentration (the acidic groups): the higher the concentration of fixed-charges, the higher is the protonic conductivity of the membrane Alternatively, the term “equivalent...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 14:58

... region the mixture is too lean to ignite or support the combustion If the ignition delay is larger, the droplets and vapour will be carried farther away from the centre line of the spray in the ... biodiesel The structure of the fatty compounds can also affect other properties of biodiesel such as density, cetane number, heating value and low temperature properties On the other hand, the need ... iodine numbers below 115 The index reflects the degree of unsaturation of the oil, i.e., the number of bonds available for oxygenation (the higher the iodine index, the higher the number of bonds suitable...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 15:28

... between the H+ ion and the Ni2+ ion for the same active adsorption site As the pH increases, the adsorption surface becomes less positive, so the electrostatic attraction between the Ni2+ ion and ... pores in the interior The micrograph in Figure 3b further shows that many pores are distributed in the interior of the blended resin When the blended resin is immersed into the Ni2+ solution, the ... temperature and sorption isotherms The effect of temperature on the Ni2+ ion uptake was investigated by varying the temperature of the solution with pH as 6.6 The data in Figure shows that the adsorption...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 16:11

... • the amplitude is the height of the wave the distance from node to crest or node to trough the amplitude is a measure of how intense the light is – the larger the amplitude, the brighter the ... • the quantum-mechanical model explains the manner • electrons exist and behave in atoms helps us understand and predict the properties of atoms that are directly related to the behavior of the ... brighter the light • the wavelength, (λ) is a measure of the distance covered by the wave the distance from one crest to the next or the distance from one trough to the next, or the distance between...

Ngày tải lên: 28/11/2013, 01:11

... information they need, but also what they with the information when they have it The relationship between key business processes and the information required to perform these processes helps to set standards ... support, and standards and guidelines needed to achieve the business mission " Represents the components and technologies needed to build and run the organization’s systems " Describes the current ... To define the information category Lead-in The information category provides users and the business with the information that they need to run processes and operations " Describes what the business...

Ngày tải lên: 10/12/2013, 17:15

... given time, the vibrational energy varies statistically from atom to atom, and the atoms continuously exchange energy as they collide with each other due to atomic vibrations Nevertheless, the average ... CB Þ=r0 , the diffusion flux, J, may then be expressed as Àq dC  J ¼ D0 exp ð2:9Þ kT dx If we scale the quantity q by the Avogadro number, then the energy term becomes Q ¼ NA q and R ¼ kNA ... proportional to the curvature of the grain boundaries, and that the curvature itself is inversely proportional to the grain diameter We may then write: dðDÞ=dt ¼ k=d ð2:12Þ where D is the average...

Ngày tải lên: 23/12/2013, 00:15

... of the unit cell is at the corner of the unit cell [Fig 1.10(c)] The sides of the unit parallelepiped also correspond to the cartesian x, y, z axes, and the angles , , are the axial angles The ... by 1/3½1210Š and 1/3½1120Š The diagonal axis of Type I, therefore, enables us to find the Miller–Bravais indices for any of the directions along the axes on the basal plane The other common type ... between and Àak In the example shown in Fig 2.5(b), the vector s is given simply by the sum of the unit vectors along the a1 and Àa3 directions The Miller–Bravais indices for this direction are, therefore,...

Ngày tải lên: 23/12/2013, 00:15

... is determined by the energy bandgap of the semiconductor material used and the type of dopants incorporated into the IRED The peak wavelength is a function of temperature As the temperature increases, ... placed on the IRED chip, be it mechanical, thermal or electrical Stress causes defects in the chip to propagate along the planes of the chip’s crystalline structure These defects in the crystalline ... increase the percentage of non radiative recombinations Forward biasing the IRED provides energy which aids in the formation and propagation of these defects The designer using IREDs must address the...

Ngày tải lên: 23/12/2013, 00:16