molecular biology and mechanism of action

... generation of H2O2 in spores [9,15–18] In this work we have gained more information on the cellular targets and the mechanism of action of vis- cotoxins, by examining the interaction of VtA3 with ... monochromator, and Glan-Thompson polarizers using quartz cuvettes with continuous stirring of the suspension, bandwidths of nm for excitation and nm for emission, and excitation and emission wavelengths of ... potential and volume homeostasis of mitochondria Cell 91, 627–637 27 Haugland RP (1996) Handbook of Fluorescent Probes and Research Chemicals, 6th edn Molecular Probes, Inc, Eugene, OR 28 Chandra...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 07:20

... characterization of the interaction between nsp8 and nsp12 revealed that the interaction is independent of the presence of RNA was subsequently shown that nsp8 interacts with both the N- and C-termini of nsp12 ... research ii Table of Contents Summary vii   List of Tables ix   List of Figures x   List of Publications Chapter   Literature Review: The Biology of Coronavirus xvi     1.1 Overview of Coronaviruses ... 3.2: Band densities of MADP1 (normalized with band densities of actin for each cell line) in 16 cell lines classified by tissue of origin 163   ix List of Figures Figure 1.1: Schematic diagram of...

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 18:54

... need to determine its mode of mechanism During the studies to determine the mode of mechanism of NITD770, host lipid rafts (as suggested by chemogenomic profiling data) and cholesterol were confirmed ... 68 3.2.4 Anti-viral activity of compound NITD448 73 3.3 DISCUSSION 75 A STUDY OF THE MODE OF ACTION OF NITD770, A SMALL MOLECULE INHIBITOR OF DENGUE VIRUS 79 4.1 INTRODUCTION ... activity profile of NITD770 in several assays 81 Table 4-2: Sequencing results of the genome of the NITD770 resistant viruses 91 Table 5-1: Effect of sterol inhibitors on DENV and HCV replicon...

Ngày tải lên: 10/09/2015, 15:51

... comparison of transcriptome profiles of MV411 and THP-1 75 Figure 4.3 Hierarchical clustering of transcriptomic profiles of microarray data 78 Figure 4.4 Linear regression analysis of fold-changes of ... understanding the mechanism of action of drugs (Li, et al., 2007; Frolov, et al., 2003) (Nunoda, et al., 2007) Transcriptomic techniques can survey the expression levels of thousands of genes and ... transcriptomic and proteomic modulations caused by the drug Such a study would go a long way in illustrating the mechanism of action of rapa in AML in its totality and in expanding our cognizance of the...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 09:18

... mellitus High levels of free radicals and the decline of antioxidant defense mechanisms lead to damage of cellular organelles and enzymes, increased lipid peroxidation, and development of insulin resistance ... effects on diabetes, hypertension and wound healing Presumably, one of mechanisms of action is its antioxidant activity The action of EPRT is to produce electrical pressure rather than an electrical ... continued to improve and heal, and her remaining gangrenous toes eventually fell off Her blood pressure at admission was 166/53 with use of Lisinopril, which was dropped and eventually ceased...

Ngày tải lên: 26/10/2012, 09:39

... single aspect of xylanase technology The objective of this review is to discuss the properties and molecular biology of xylanases, genetics of microorganisms producing xylanases and applications ... terrestrial plants and accounts for 30% of the cell wall material of annual plants, 15-30% of hard woods and 7-10% of soft woods Xylan is a heteropolysaccharide having O-acetyl, arabinosyl and 4-O-methyl-D-glucuronic ... polysaccharide and also through hydrogen bonding.108 X Mode of Action of Xylanases Several models have been proposed to explain the mechanism of xylanase action Xylanase activity leads to the hydrolysis of...

Ngày tải lên: 13/03/2014, 21:56

... neutrophils, and is a biomarker for inflammation Furthermore, to clarify the LA mechanism of action, we studied the participation of pentoxifylline, a PDE5 and TNF-alpha inhibitor, and morphine, a mu and ... pre-treatment of mice with LA (12.5 and 25 mg/kg, i.p) significantly reduced the volume (μL) of the edema in the 2nd (31 and 41%), rd (30 and 50%) and 4th (23 and 27%) hours after administration of dextran, ... light/dark cycle and food and water supplied ad libitum The experiments were carried out according to the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals of the U.S Department of Health and Human Services...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 03:20

... study furthers our understanding of the mechanism of action for anti-HIV drug interactions and the efficacy observed for the TDF+FTC+EFV triple combination for the treatment of HIV infection Methods ... Where and represent the individual action of drug or drug 2, while 1,2 represents the combined action of the drug combination The CI values of < 1, = 1, and > indicate synergy, additive effect, and ... and FTC-TP [30]; and (2) DEC or DEC-like complex formation by TFV-terminated DNA and HIV-1 RT in the presence of the FTC-TP or EFV, and by FTC-MP-terminated DNA and HIV-1 RT in the presence of...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 23:21

... filtration profile of FRK Crystal of SeMet FRK 3.4 Sample diffraction pattern of SeMet FRK crystal 81 3.5 Crystal structure of HoFRK 85 3.6 Structure based sequence alignment of HoFRK 90 3.7 Stereo ... ribbon diagram of HoFRK (cyan) and RK-ADP (magenta-white) complex structure Stereo diagram of simulated-annealing Fo-Fc omit map of residues in HoFRK (a) Molecular surface of HoFRK showing the ... (magenta) Schematic diagram of the reaction between F6P and UDP-Glc in the binding cleft of SPS A schematic diagram of the reaction involving FRK and Fructose Top a) SDS-GEL image of purified FRK Bottom...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 09:08

... the point of receptor-ligand binding, upstream of Ras, upstream of Raf, and at the level of or downstream of Raf (Guy et al., 2003; Kim and Bar-sagi, 2004) The study conducted by Casci and colleagues ... representation of the Ras-ERK pathway induced by RTKs 1.3.1.3 The primary structure of Ras isoforms 12 1.3.1.4 Schematic representation of the primary structure of Raf 15 1.6.2 The structure and isoforms of ... Inhibition of the Ras-ERK signaling pathway by Spry 29 1.6.6 Points of action of Spry 30 1.6.6.1 Upstream of Ras 30 1.6.6.2 Upstream of Raf 32 1.6.7 Regulation of receptor ubiquitination and endocytosis...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 14:06

... reported in USDA Handbook 66 (2-4 at 5ºC and 10-17 ml CO2/kg.hr at 20ºC) for mandarins and oranges Skin Staining is a Preharvest Disorder Rind Staining Following Skin Abrasions Detection of Wounds on ... ratio of Week Yes No 11/14-18 11/14- 39 42 58 11/28-12/2 11/28- 27 53 47 12/12-16 12/12- 13 63 37 Source: Ivans and Feree (1987) Respiratory Rates of Some Nonclimacteric Fruits Respiration and ... Measuring Soluble Solids Content of Orange Juice Relationship Between Sugar/Acid Ratio And Panelist’s Response To The Question About Willingness To Buy Navel Oranges Number of responses Sampling % samples...

Ngày tải lên: 03/04/2013, 20:58

... Identification of the initiation codons in GmPDIL-3a and Gm-PDIL-3b mRNAs (A) Schematic representation of the structure of GmPDIL-3a and GmPDIL-3b mRNAs The putative ORFs (gray boxes) of GmPDIL-3a and GmPDIL-3b ... of MgCl2 or EDTA, and fractions were collected and analyzed by western blot (Fig 4A) Peaks corresponding to GmPDIL-3a and GmPDIL-3b were detected at a density of 1.21 gÆmL)1 in the presence of ... S1 Comparison of intron–exon structures of GmPDIL-3a, GmPDIL-3b and orthologs of other plants Fig S2 Multiple amino acid sequence alignment of GmPDIL-3a, GmPDIL-3b and orthologs of other plants...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 11:20

... FP band is not very clear in the agarose gel, and the longest band was used to run another PCR reaction for amplification Experimental procedures Extraction, purification and crystallization of ... G250, and the four bands corresponding to subunits of porcine complex II were cut out and N-terminal sequenced by the Edman degradation method and amino acid analyzer in the Department of Biology, ... crystallization preparation and the crystal of complex II Lane 1, crystals of complex II Lane 2, molecular weight markers Lane 3, crystallization preparation of complex II The four subunits of complex II are...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 02:20

... by the action of cycloheximide Cycloheximide binds to the 80S-subunit of eukaryotic ribosomes and prevents the initiation and elongation reaction of protein biosynthesis The mycelium of pregrown ... cell-free extract and water to a final volume of 980 lL The reaction was started by the addition of 20 lL of a 100 mM ATP solution (final concentration mM) and the reduction of NAD was monitored ... propionyl- Ó FEBS 2004 CoA and acetyl-CoA In the presence of both thioesters one might expect an accumulation of succinyl-CoA in the cell and a deadlock of further reactions of the citric acid cycle...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 16:20

... activity zone of the cytoplasmic fraction (not shown) No activity on PGA was observed when the corresponding medium fraction was concentrated and similarly analysed Mode of action of PelB To examine ... Hiromi K (1970) Interpretation of dependency of rate parameters on the degree of polymerization of substrate in enzyme-catalyzed reactions Evaluation of subsite afnities of exo-enzyme Biochem Biophys ... as the rst and only product on PGA and oligoGalpA On the basis of its mode of action, PelB should be classied as an exopolygalacturonase (EC 3.2.1.67) To date, no crystal structure of an exopolygalacturonase...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 03:20

... Scheme shows the reactions of the two-step mechanism of action of TFPI It is shown in the Appendix that Scheme is equivalent to Scheme I of [8] within the area of the applicability of the latter In ... kind permission of the American Society of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Copyright 1998 reconstituted systems of blood coagulation proteins effect of the two-step mechanism of VIIa–TF inhibition ... values d and found the values of the hypothetical reactions separately The model of the inhibitory action of the Xa–TFPI complex on the enzyme–substrate complex (model 3) The reaction of X–VIIa–TF...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 04:20

... region between b and b¢ in GmPDIL-1, and between b and b¢ and b¢ and a¢ in GmPDIL-2, the structure of these regions may be protease resistant The activity of recombinant GmPDIL-1 and GmPDIL-2, which ... [34] In the case of GmPDIL-2, 10 of the 11 introns had TTNAN, and the eighth intron possessed CTNAN Promoter regions of around kb and 1.5 kb upstream of each start codon of GmPDIL-1 and GmPDIL-2 ... between a and b and b¢ and a¢ (Fig 1C) In the case of GmPDIL-2, Lys175, Glu43, Glu62, Glu68 and Glu135 were identified by N-terminal sequencing of the enzymatic digest fragments, respectively, and Glu541...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 05:20

... parameters of CYP719A3, the amount of nandinine produced was estimated by using the calibration curve of (S)-scoulerine (pmol versus peak area) and the absorption ratio of (S)-scoulerine and (S)-nandinine ... (CYP719A1–A3) have different substrate specificities and ⁄ or reaction activities P450 natures of CYP719A2 and CYP719A3 The P450 natures of CYP719A2 and CYP719A3 were examined using reduced CO-difference ... absence of NADPH or removal of O2 by the glucose ⁄ glucose oxidase ⁄ catalase system [7] clearly inhibited the CYP719A2 and CYP719A3 activities Substrate specificity and affinity of CYP719A2 and CYP719A3...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 10:20

... a-helices Residues involved in binding of the cofactor ThDP are located at the C-terminal ends of the b-strands of Dom-c (diphosphates and Mg2+) and of Dom-a¢ of a neighbouring subunit (pyrimidine moiety) ... Dom-a and Dom-c of subunit A with their counterparts in subunit B It is stabilized by a large number of hydrogen bonds The weaker contact results from an association of Dom-a and Dom-b of subunit ... Fig Stereo ribbon plot of the D2-symmetric BAL tetramer with the three molecular twofold axes P, Q and R using the colors of Fig The tetramer should be described as a dimer of dimers The tightest...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 12:20