modulation of pulmonary selectivity by sustained release drug delivery systems

... suppression of the expression and activity of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) by zinc [32,33], released from MT under the influence of nitric oxide (NO), and the scavenging of NO through ... region By monitoring this charge transfer band, CD spectroscopy was first used by Kagi and coworkers to follow the metal-binding stochiom¨ etry of MTs [42] To study the metal release by NO and its modulation ... cadmium-cysteine bonds and therefore release of cadmium The presence of GSH reduces the metal release almost completely, while GSSG even slightly increased the cadmium release by nitric oxide The decay...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 15:20

... solution consisting of 0.63 g of MnCl2Æ4H2O, 60 mL of water, 60 mL of methanol and mL of concentrated sulfuric acid, briefly dried and heated at 100 °C for 20 SE were then quantified by densitometric ... for 30 at 30 °C and terminated by the addition of 300 lL of chloroform ⁄ methanol (2 : 1, v ⁄ v) Lipids were extracted twice for 10 with shaking using 300 lL of chloroform ⁄ methanol (2 : 1; v ⁄ ... hydrolysis of lipid extracts [68] The protein concentration of 10 mL of culture with an attenuance at 600 nm of was determined and cells were incubated for h at 90 °C together with 0.6 mL of methanol,...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 13:20

... For a number of reasons, one of which is the influence of the training programme of NTI, the findings of this study should be considered illustrative of methodology of assessment of integrated ... over-diagnosis was significantly higher ASSESSMENT OF DIAGNOSIS OF PULMONARY T.B BY SPUTUM MICROSCOPY IN A DIRECT T.B PROGRAMME 13 TABLE Extent of under-diagnosis by different smear examinations taking culture ... methods of assessment also: (i) Assessment based upon the results of examination of duplicate and that of the reexamination of the centre smears (Method 2) (ii) Assessment based upon the result of...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 04:20

... we suggest that the dual modulation of prothrombin activation by plactin leads to an antithrombotic state under physiological coagulating conditions Dual modulation of prothrombin activation ... conversion of scu-PA to the two-chain form The apparent molecular masses of the resulting polypeptide chains were comparable with those of the A- and B-chains of tcu-PA (an A-chain doublet was caused by ... T by removing two amino acids (Phe157–Lys158) from the N-terminus of its B-chain [19] The sequential mechanism leading to enhancement of scu-PA activation is shown in Fig 3F Dual modulation of...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 00:20

... Diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis by smear microscopy and culture in a tertiary health care facility *SI Khatib1,3, MT Williamson1, R Singh2, JM Joshi2 Department of Microbiology; Department of Pulmonary ... Pulmonary Medicine; TN Medical College and BYL Nair Charitable Hospital, Mumbai, India Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia *Corresponding Author: ... present study reconfirms the efficiency of conventional ZN staining method and culture on LJ medium in the detection of AFB in sputum samples of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis Keywords: Acid...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 03:20

... constant of the enzymeinhibitor complex in the absence of substrates, but estimates the apparent Ki in the absence of H2O2 and in the presence of 10 mm ABTS The effect of Ni2+ on the oxidation of ABTS ... produced by addition of an equimolar amount of H2O2 Compound II with characteristic absorption maxima at 278, 413, 541 and 576 nm was generated from compound I by the addition of one equivalent of ... peroxidase in the presence of 30 mM Ni2+ before and after addition of an equimolar amount of H2O2 Arrows indicate the disappearance of compound I after addition of one equivalent of ascorbic acid Buffer...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 04:20

... accompanied by a persistent state of oxidative siege, and the survival of a given cell is determined by its balance of reactive oxygen intermediates and antioxidants Disturbance of this balance ... amounts of SPPV induced enhancement of IL-12 due to ability of IL12 to induce early phase of NK and T cell activation [34] Using CRBC as model of TD Ag, it has been shown that SPPV was capable of ... phagocytosis, natural killer (NK) cell activity, and release of IFN-α by the use of inactivated poxviruses [7,24] Moreover, the secretion of TNF-α, IL-2, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 22:20

... manipulates OF parameters to enhance walking ability after stroke The specific aims of this study were: first, to compare the non-volitional modulation of walking speed in response to an OF of variable ... http://www.jneuroengrehab.com/content/4/1/22 modulation of walking speed in response to OFs of changing speed, would still present sufficient modulation such that a paradigm based on OF speed manipulation could ... carried out in Statistica 7.0 ® and the level of significance was set p < 0.05 Results Experiment Examples of modulation of walking speed in response to an OF of continually changing speed are illustrated...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 10:20

... accompanied by a persistent state of oxidative siege, and the survival of a given cell is determined by its balance of reactive oxygen intermediates and antioxidants Disturbance of this balance ... amounts of SPPV induced enhancement of IL-12 due to ability of IL12 to induce early phase of NK and T cell activation [34] Using CRBC as model of TD Ag, it has been shown that SPPV was capable of ... phagocytosis, natural killer (NK) cell activity, and release of IFN-α by the use of inactivated poxviruses [7,24] Moreover, the secretion of TNF-α, IL-2, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 04:20

... regulated at a number of different levels, and there is evidence that secondary modulation of signalling pathways downstream of Fas may alter significantly the susceptibility of cells to Fas induced ... al.: Development of criteria for the classification and reporting of osteoarthritis Classification of osteoarthritis of the knee Diagnostic and Therapeutic Criteria Committee of the American Rheumatism ... found that OA of the knee joints is associated with degenerative changes in the tendon of the quadriceps femoris muscle that are characterized by alterations in the apoptotic response of periarticular...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 01:23

... synthesis of melanin by hydroxylation of a monophenol and the subsequent oxidation of o-diphenols into o-quinones The biosynthesis of this rate-limiting enzyme in melanogenesis is modulated by cell-signaling ... antimelanogenic mechanism of Cpc The expression of tyrosinase and the production of melanin were determined to examine the antimelanogenic effect of Cpc The levels of signaling molecules such ... the abundance of cAMP and activated ERK1/2, which promoted the degradation of MITF, leading to the Page of 11 suppression of melanogenesis Moreover, Cpc attenuated the activation of p38 MAPK and...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 10:20

... inflammation in a mouse model of allergic asthma The effects of VD on airway inflammation may result from its inactivation of ERK1/2 and downregulation of NPRA expression Analysis of ERK1/2 expression ... g of pVD plus 0.5 g of pNPRA-Luc(-1575) which contains the 1575-bp fragment of NPRA promoter inserted upstream of the luciferase gene In the control wells, cells were co-transfected with g of ... no treatment Pulmonary function testing was performed on day 28 (mice were wks of age)   E D C B A @ RT-PCR detection of NPRA expression in the lung For analysis of the effect of VD on NPRA...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 14:20

... role of zinc in the molecular mechanism of Tat-induced apoptosis, we analyzed the conformations of the apo-form and zinc-bound form of Tat, and studied the interaction of the two forms of Tat ... Since apoptosis mediated by Tat partly relies on the interaction of Tat with tubulin [14-17], we hypothesized that zinc binding might play a role in the modulation by Tat of the microtubule dynamics ... is characterized by a massive depletion of CD4+ T cells that leads to the loss of immune competence [1,2] This is in part mediated by the HIV-1 Tat protein, which is produced by HIV-infected cells...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 05:21

... pathogenesis of various forms of neonatal pulmonary hypertension The syndrome of persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) is characterized by abnormally increased pulmonary vascular ... understanding of the development of the pulmonary circulation, but which is not referenced here reports Although modulators of pulmonary vasomotor tone appear to contribute to elevated fetal pulmonary ... increased flow is offset by the decrease in shear stress due to increased vessel diameter Distinguishing the role of shear stress, or indeed the effects of increased synthesis of other endogenous...

Ngày tải lên: 20/12/2015, 04:12

... Aspects of Drug Delivery Systems Table Routes of administration and general classification of drug delivery systems ROUTES OF ADMINISTRATION DRUG DELIVERY CLASS ORAL SOLIDS (e.g tablets, capsules) PULMONARY ... development of alternative drug delivery systems, which attempt to address the requirements of rate and extent of drug release, and thereby absorption Delivery systems include oral sustained release ... Aspects of Drug Delivery Systems Table Mechanisms and properties influencing drug release from particle carrier systems* MECHANISM OF DRUG RELEASE PROPERTIES INFLUENC~NG DRUG DIFFUSION DRUG RELEASE...

Ngày tải lên: 28/03/2014, 10:20

... Targeted drug delivery systems: deliver drug to a desired body location, organ, tissue, specific cells…  Controlled -release drug delivery systems: preprogramed drug release By the route of delivery: ... A4: series of multiple doses of a conventional drug delivery system B: ideal drug concentration profile PRODRUG What is a prodrug?  Prodrug is an inactive precursor of a drug  Prodrug reconversion ... Society of Chemistry, American Chemical Society, Wiley InterScience journals… CONTENTS Generalities of drug delivery Liposomes as drug delivery systems Polymers and polymeric systems for drug delivery...

Ngày tải lên: 18/04/2014, 15:37

... construction of drug delivery systems in not too long a time The functionalization of CNTs used in the construction of drug delivery systems will be discussed in later sections In vivo behavior of functionalized ... application of CNTs as the molecular transporter in drug delivery Page 14 of 22 Drug delivery targeted to lymphatic system Many cancers metastasize through lymphatic canal The drug delivery systems ... schematic illustration of the strategy for the preparation of the CNT-based drug delivery systems Figure The modification of CNTs Schematic illustration of modification of CNTs with various molecules...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 22:20

... a sustained drug release profile at simulated physiological condition About 40% of the drug load was released within the initial h, followed by a slower release of the remaining drug load from ... al., 1997; Lu and Low, 2002] Proof of concept of the folic acid-mediated targeting systems has been obtained with the delivery of drugs and liposomes to a variety of cancer cells [Leamon and Low, ... Targeting strategies 1.3 Nano-scale drug delivery systems 10 1.3.1 Rationale 10 1.3.2 Classification 11 1.4 Virus-based drug delivery systems 13 1.4.1 General properties of virus 13 1.4.2 Virus structure...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 14:22

... and sustained release of the large protein model drug of bovine serum albumin (BSA) on SBA-15 Chapter covers the factors affecting stability of the released BSA in fabrication of drug delivery systems, ... displacement of drug by solvent 2.1.2.2 Release Mechanisms The release of drugs from matrix devices is governed by the diffusion of solution within the matrix phase The development of the appropriate ... surface of the polymer, resulting in a release rate that is proportional to the surface area of the drug delivery system (See Figure 2.5b) a Drug Drug Drug- loaded biodegradable particles b Drug Drug...

Ngày tải lên: 13/09/2015, 19:46

... for Drug Delivery Systems Drug delivery systems modify the kinetics or the location of the escape of the drug from the medicine Tables 15.1 and 15.2 provide generic reasons for using drug delivery ... loading of up to 20% w/w of protein in the polymer with full retention of the protein enzymatic activity The addition of PEG to the formulation eliminated the burst release of drug and drug release ... containing numerous types of protein drug [21–23] 15.6 Examples of Biodegradable Polymer Drug Delivery Systems Under Development 15.6.1 Polyketals Polyketal-based drug delivery systems are under development...

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2013, 08:20