mobilizing domestic resources for development

... used for hedging purposes, forwards foreign-exchange contracts have increasingly been used for cur- rency speculation. For example, in the early 2000s speculators used forwards as the main tool for ... cost- effective vehicle for the dissemination of information. One important source of information for prospective investors comprises the perceptions of within-country domestic and foreign entrepreneurs ... (Bank for International Settlements, 2003, pp. 51-52). There has also been a rapid development of domestic bond markets in many emerging market economies since the late 1990s aimed at mobilizing domestic...

Ngày tải lên: 17/10/2013, 15:15

... meet the Second United Nations Development Decade growth Official development financing 109 ODA is a crucial supplement to mobilization of domestic resources for development ODA target of 0.7 ... the Inter-American Development Bank; the Asian Development Bank, the African Development Bank and the European Investment Bank (EIB). The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) ... of the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development. These differences among regional development banks also apply at the subregional level. For example, the Caribbean Development Bank operates...

Ngày tải lên: 20/10/2013, 03:15

... original threshold for NPV of debt to exports at 100 per cent for a weak policy performer, but lowers the ratio to 150 per cent for medium perform- ers and to 200 per cent for strong performers. This ... alternative proposal for full relief for HIPC countries’ outstanding debt to IMF, IDA and the African Development Bank African Development Fund with funding for IMF debt forgiveness coming from ... debt service and thus with a decline in real resources for domestic development. 5 Since solutions similar to the Brady initiative were not possible for these borrowers, a more direct approach...

Ngày tải lên: 20/10/2013, 03:15

... official development assistance (ODA). Such high demand for reserves also reduces aggregate world demand and there- fore has a deflationary effect at the global level. There are therefore clear ... Genberg and others (2005). 3 Japan’s holdings of foreign exchange reserves, approaching $1 trillion, are much larger than foreign holdings of Japanese yen as foreign-exchange reserves, suggesting that ... issues are to be covered only if critical for these objectives. In this regard, the new guidelines stress a test of “criticality” for any variable selected for conditionality. The guidelines also...

Ngày tải lên: 24/10/2013, 01:15

... capital formation Gross fixed capital formation Gross domestic savings Gross fixed capital formation Gross domestic savings Gross domestic savings Gross fixed capital formation Gross domestic ... of Chapter I Mobilizing domestic resources for development The Monterrey Consensus of the International Conference on Financing for Development (United Nations, 2002a) places the mobilization of domestic ... negative productivity performance of the 1980s the result of low growth during the debt crisis) rather than a cause of it. Mobilizing domestic resources for development 9 Foreign direct investment...

Ngày tải lên: 25/01/2014, 23:20

... have been put forward. Among others, Mr. Peter Mandelson (2004), the European Commissioner for Trade, has recently called for the estab- lishment of a special trade adjustment fund for investment ... import values for developed economies, about 7.4 per cent for developing countries as a whole and about 10.7 for landlocked developing countries (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, ... pressures for lower support for agriculture in these countries—despite resistance from farmers—and developing countries need to prepare themselves for these changes. In the case of EU, for instance,...

Ngày tải lên: 25/01/2014, 23:20

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 06:20

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 21:20

... com- prehensive information on training and development through publication and research reports, online resources, white papers, customized re- search services, conferences, and so forth. Membership ... customized re- search services, conferences, and so forth. Membership fee required for use of some resources. Society for Human Resources Management (SHRM) (http://www.shrm.org): The world’s largest association ... publications, research reports, online resources, networking opportunities, conferences and workshops, and so forth. Membership fee required for use of most resources. Knowledge Management Books Allee,...

Ngày tải lên: 24/10/2013, 08:20

Ngày tải lên: 13/12/2013, 10:59

... A: Resources for Further Study 1    Resources for C#  Books About C# Programming  C# Development Resources  .NET Development Resources ***************************** ILLEGAL FOR ... Appendix A: Resources for Further Study Appendix A: Resources for Further Study 3 C# Development Resources  http://www.dotnetwire.com  http://www.csharphelp.com  ... interest to developers:  Books about C# programming  C# development resources  .NET Framework development resources Information in this document, including URL and other Internet Web site...

Ngày tải lên: 17/01/2014, 09:20

... financial statistics and lack of information sharing 50 7.3 Conclusion and Recommendations 51 8 Formulate formal and simple rules for information sharing. Recommendations for the Five-year Plan 52 ... materialize economic and capital market development effectively. Equitization is the very first step for economic development in general and for capital market development in particular in Vietnam. ... policy formulation for capital market development. Mr. Thomas A. Rose, Advisor of the WBG and Mr. Noritaka Akamatsu, Lead Financial Economist and Finance & Private Sector Coordinator for Vietnam,...

Ngày tải lên: 21/01/2014, 12:59

... computational linguistics yet. Therefore there does not exist any valid formal grammar for Vietnamese until now. The formalism that we choose in our project for Vietnamese parsing is Tree Adjoining ... Attributes for N 1 and N 2 : countable = + value for N 1 , - value for N 2 (in general) classified = +, - (a positive value constraints the collocation of different classes of nouns for N 1 ... concordancer for Vietnamese text analysis, as well as to build a database of linguistic resources such as morpho-syntactic lexicon, annotated corpus and syntactic lexicon for TAG formalism. Undertaken...

Ngày tải lên: 24/01/2014, 04:20

... for applying the tool 9 Analyses 9 PART 1 – STATUS OF HUMAN RESOURCES FOR HEALTH 13 Level of human resources for health 13 Distribution of human resources for health 14 Performance of human resources ... 36 Policy-making for human resources for health 45 PART 3 – HEALTH WORKFORCE POLICY DEVELOPMENT 53 Assessing the current status of the health workforce 53 Developing criteria for prioritizing ... efforts to fulfi ll that mandate in recognition of the need for an updated assessment tool for health workforce development. The tool provides a guidance for the evaluation of the health workforce...

Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 09:20

... ed (1995) Making a Difference: Measuring the Impact of Information on Development Indigenous Knowledge for Development A Framework for Action I. Introduction 1. The vision of a truly global ... In the context of the Partnership for Information and Communication Technology for Africa (PICTA), the World Bank has agreed to lead an Indigenous Knowledge for Development Initiative to help stimulate ... to develop specific proposals for the development community to help put IK into action for development. 28 International IK – Research Network CIRAN Centre for International Research and...

Ngày tải lên: 16/02/2014, 10:20

... and, therefore, demand for credit, exists, lack of access can prevent the full realization of the potential for investment and growth. This requires specialised development banks. Since development ... intermediary in Vietnam for channelling domestic and foreign funds to investment activities (Weeks et al., 2003). Policy banks Developing countries soon realised that development banking of ... billion (around US$250 million). 1 Development Banks: Their role and importance for development C.P. Chandrasekhar Among the institutions whose role in the development of the less developed...

Ngày tải lên: 16/02/2014, 11:20

... language is available for download (download.wikimedia.org) in a text format suitable for inclusion in a database. For the remainder of this paper, we refer to this format. 1 4.3 Ukrainian ... process, though of value in languages for which resources exist, is particularly useful for less commonly taught languages. We show how the Wikipedia format can be used to identify possible ... language article, if available, for additional information. • A second pass checks for multi-word phrases that exist as titles of Wikipedia articles. • We look for certain types of person and...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 09:20

... pages 443–451, Columbus, Ohio, USA, June 2008. c 2008 Association for Computational Linguistics Collecting a Why-question corpus for development and evaluation of an automatic QA-system Joanna Mrozinski ... contains information re- lated to the corpus collection process. We be- lieve this additional information can be used to post-process the data, and to develop an auto- matic approval system for further ... seems that there are people willing to work on them even for free. MTurk requesters cannot however rely on this voluntary workforce. From MTurk Forums it is clear that some of the workers rely on...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 09:20

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 19:20

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 01:20