mirnas in response to cold and related stresses

... “Roles of auxin response factor transcription factor (GmARF) in soybean and strigolactone in Arabidopsis in response to drought and salt stresses Objectivities - Identification and characterization ... auxin -response factor transcription factor genes in soybean for generating drought tolerance crops via genetic engineering - Phenotyping and study the molecular mechanisms of strigolactone in response ... response to drought and salt stress conditions Contents 3.1 Roles of auxin response factor transcription factor in soybean in response to drought stress 3.2 Roles of strigolactone in response to drought...

Ngày tải lên: 07/06/2016, 10:22

... modulates physiological responses in guard cells, leading to the possibility of engineering stomatal conductance in grapevine, reducing water loss and helping this species to tolerate drought under ... stomatal opening and enhanced tolerance to dehydration [10] Guard cell-specific MYB genes are thus focal points in understanding stomatal regulation in plants and represent molecular targets to ... analysis of GUS expression in pVvMYB60:GUS leaves in response to ABA (H) GUS staining of stomata in a control leaf (I), GUS staining of stomata following hours of exposure to 100 μM ABA Galbiati...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 11:21

... proteins involved in various cellular processes, including inhibition of apoptosis Hypoxia has been reported to inhibit apoptosis induced by tumor necrosis factor -related apoptosisinducing ligand ... selectively induces apoptosis in malignant, but not nonmalignant, cells [16] TRAIL binds to death receptors, DR4 and DR5, and recruits Fas-associated death domain protein to the receptors Caspase-8 ... of truncated BRCA1 or induce apoptosis in a cell line expressing mutated BRCA1 The data in Figs and suggest that TRAIL can alter BRCA1 localization and induce apoptosis in breast cancer cells...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 03:20

... mechanisms to withstand environmental conditions in sun and shade-grown seedlings Osmotic and elastic adjustments are found to help cork oak seedlings to maintain turgor during moderate water stress and ... and morphological responses to shade and drought in two contrasting ecotypes of Prunus serotina, Tree Physiol 10 (1992) 343–355 [5] Aranda I., Gil L., Pardos J.A., Effects of thinning in a Pinus ... decrease in osmotic potential (Ψπ100 and Ψπ0) as water availability decreased and PFD increased, allows seedlings to maintain a water potential gradient from the soil to the plant and to facilitate...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 00:22

... petraea and an increasing length growth of these branches with increasing Response of beech and oak to shading 167 Figure Growth components measured on seedlings of oak and beech exposed to full ... well as in the total period indicates that the difference between the control and the shade treatments in height growth and stem dry mass increment was related to tree species (table II) RHG and ... the investigated species and its shade tolerance [26, 28] Against this background the objective of the present study was to investigate in a shading experiment (i) how shading comparable to the...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 01:21

... closely, radiation being the main factor driving photosynthesis and consequently tree development in the model In spring C was preferentially incorporated into leaves and new GUs During this period ... which pruning suppresses correlations (i.e., in determining the wood length in which buds can react to pruning) in relation to intensity, date, etc of pruning A better way of modelling inhibitive ... and branching order) which are in turn split into growth units (GUs; see figure 2), internodes and nodes bearing a bud and a leaf Each organ is positioned in the 3D space by its coordinates and...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 14:22

... considerably shorter in damaged trees than in the ’healthy’ individual tested, but there was no difference in tube length be- germination was containing no lower in tween the windward and leeward sides ... damaged trees Increasing ABS concentrations also reduced pollen tube length in the ’healthy’ tree, but not significantly in declining trees artificial Moreover, in the ABScontaining cultures, ... Variation in and natural selection for air pollution tolerances in trees In: Genetic Effects of Air Pollutants in Forest Tree Populations (Scholz F, Gregorius HR, Rudin D, eds) Springer-Verlag, Berlin,...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 19:21

... representing each inoculation method were collected at each time point Elicitor treatment Elicitors were sprayed to run-off using a hand-pumped atomizing sprayer Elicitors were diluted in water and ... syringae pv tomato, nor was PR-1a expression induced in response to treatment with compounds known to elicit SAR in other plants Thus, we conclude that PR-1a, PR-1b and PR-1c are not involved in ... between and hours into the light cycle by dipping a florist's frog (4.8 cm in diameter with 127 pins) into freshly prepared inoculum and then puncturing the fanned-out shoot tip held against a...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 05:20

... receptor degradation = 2.5 nM-1·min-1 = min-1 = 2500 nM-1·min-1 = min-1 = 4000 nM-1·min-1 = 200 min-1 = × 107 min-1 = 10 min-1 = nM-1·min-1 = 10 nM-1·min-1 =0 = min-1 = 2.2 µM·min-1 = 0.4 nM-1·min-1 ... of each individual pulse and, as in [1],, α = nM-1 and β = min-1 In response to GnRH, calcium is released from the ER into the cytoplasm with a rate constant ERR and is pumped back into the ER ... released in minute intervals in the original model and the present model in response to continuous administration of nM GnRH In both models there is an initial large pulse of LH released However, in...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 22:22

... LOCALIZATION IN RESPONSE TO TNF-α AND IL-1 SIMPL is a transcriptional co-activator that alters the activity of transcription factor, NF-κB In response to pathogens, cytokines such as Interleukin-1 (IL-1) ... antigens binding to T cell receptors specific to the antigen, and this causes a clonal expansion of T cells which contain the targeted receptor These cells in turn differentiate into cytotoxic T ... role in the inflammatory response The cells were grown to 40% confluency on coverslips To ensure that the cytokine conditions were 20 capable of inducing an inflammatory response in the endothelial...

Ngày tải lên: 24/08/2014, 12:43

... of atomoxetine on core symptoms, especially when taking into account that atomoxetine showed the highest effect sizes in improving HR-QoL in the Risk Avoidance domain and subdomains Our findings ... [12], both in combination with behavioral therapy [13] Atomoxetine is a selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, and its efficacy and tolerability were demonstrated in a number of randomized, ... core symptoms and HR-QoL at baseline and for change from baseline to endpoint were small to moderate, suggesting that next to the effect of core symptoms, other factors might play a role in the...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 18:21

... combined and yielded nucleosolic proteins The remaining pellet contains all DNA and structure bound proteins and is further referred to as chromatin-fraction Electrophoresis of proteins and Western ... strong incorporation of [3H]Thd into growing daughter strands occurs, preferentially sedimenting in the first third of the gradient and attributable to short chains originating from newly initiated ... BrdU staining and this again signifies that PCNA is only bound to chromatin portions where actively replicating DNA is present Recruitment of proteins involved in replication to chromatin during the...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 00:20

... subscales for thinking about depressive affect in relation to a negative event [MRQ-Emots], thinking about what can be done in response to it [MRQ-Inst], and searching for meaning in the event [MRQ-Srch]; ... for examining aspects of depressive symptomatology related to disruptions in information processing A variety of self-report measures were used to assess rumination These include the Response ... high and prolonged levels of sustained amygdala activity in response to negative information, even after being asked to respond to subsequent unrelated stimuli 3) To examine whether other brain...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 17:20

... cells in response to both imatinib and nilotinib [65] INNO-406, a more potent inhibitor of BCR–ABL, also induces apoptosis in BCR–ABL+ K562 cells, and whilst BCR–ABLexpressing myeloid progenitor ... activating mutations in the EGFR tyrosine kinase domain; these primary mutations correlate well with clinical responses to the EGFR-specific, ATP-competitive tyrosine kinase inhibitors gefitinib and ... are being tested and these include second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors, such as dasatinib (inhibits BCR–ABL, KIT, PDGFR and SRC family kinases), nilotinib (a more potent inhibitor of...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 00:20

... (http://www.dnr.state.md.us/bay/ monitoring/water/index.html) In particular, it is noted that in the Bay, low temperatures during winter and anoxia during summer, in combination with the changes in salinity, are associated ... to hypoxia 696 and emersion showed a  3-fold increase in glucose and a more than 30-fold increase in lactate, whereas the levels in controls remained constant The arginine kinase gene (AK) and ... (peaks and 2), ranging from : for Cal sapidus, to : in Car maenas, to : 10 in Can pagurus [29,30], yielding peak as the major CHH The immunohistochemistry studies show that the intrinsically staining...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 06:20

... glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity To determine the role of ApoE in the development of obesity-associated insulin resistance and glucose intolerance, we performed the standard glucose tolerance ... similar response to intraperitoneal administration of insulin (Fig 3C) However, at week 24, ApoE3knock -in mice fed western-type diet for 24 weeks displayed the poorest response to insulin administration ... experiments to the absolute minimum To this date there is no in vitro system to mimic satisfactorily the lipid and lipoprotein transport system and the in vivo mechanisms leading to obesity and diabetes,...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 17:20

... equally into three sectors, including the front sector between the nucleus and the leading edge The Golgi in the front sector was determined to be in the polarized position One hundred cells in ten ... ⁄ 3-containing adaptor protein that interacts with the LIM-only protein PINCH and components of growth factor receptor kinase-signaling pathways Mol Biol Cell 9, 3367–3382 34 Miyamoto Y, Yamauchi ... migration in response to wound healing Src kinase inhibition disrupts polarization of migrating cells The Src tyrosine kinase phosphorylates Cas to promote cell migration [18] We employed a Src kinase...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 03:20

... sorbitol (60 min) and then incubated in sorbitol-free medium (6 h) Detached cells were washed with NaCl ⁄ Pi and cells remaining attached to the dish were treated with trypsin and counted using ... the concentrations indicated Cells were exposed to 0.5 M sorbitol for 60 min, and then incubated for h in sorbitol-free medium (in the continued absence or presence of inhibitor) Endogenous levels ... then examined hDlg loss in cells treated with inhibitors and exposed to sorbitol Both p38MAPK inhibitors, BIRB0796, which at high concentrations inhibits all p38 and JNK isoforms [17], and SB203580,...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 06:20

... receptors and immune system b-1,3-Glucan binding protein 3e-6 Putative senescence-associated protein 5e-46 Cavortin 1e-5 Cytoskeleton Tubulin alpha chain 4e-17 Tubulin alpha chain 5e-20 Tubulin ... receptors and immune system b-1,3-Glucan binding protein 3e-6 Procathepsin L 1e-12 Meningioma expressed antigen 7e-19 Lipoprotein receptor related protein 2e-24 Fucolectin-1 6e-4 Cytoskeleton ... genes in common to both the ADI and glyphosate response SSH libraries These were glutamine synthase, ATP synthetase, b-1,3-glucan binding protein and some housekeeping genes such as tubulin and...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 15:20

... tetramer and irrelevant tetramer and show specific binding to the relevant tetramer (TIL1520 binding to gp100 and TIL1143 binding to MART-1) Low background binding was observed from cells with ... demonstrating breaking of tolerance to self antigen (MART-1) On the other hand, positive responses are more likely to be detected at low percentages in the blood making it much more difficult to define ... dose response, TIL/PBMC (x-axis) vs Secreting cells (y-axis) is shown in bar graphs and best-fit linear curve is indicated as solid line (A) TIL1520 response to gp100209 (B) TIL1235 response to...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 15:20