... Learn MicrosoftVisual C# 2010
Note The content of the Properties window reects the object you select. The contents will
change when you select a form instead of a speci c control. Each control ... least some code to create most applications.
Of course, before you can create a C# application, you need some sort of tool to create it with.
(Technically, you could write an application using ... user can click to make things happen. The most common Button
controls are OK and Cancel—you see them used all over the place in Windows. In this case,
you will use a click-on-one Button control...
... Introducing MicrosoftVisual C# and MicrosoftVisual Studio 2010
Tip C# is a “free format” language, which means that white space, such as a space character or a
newline, is not significant except ... operand text box.
You can now apply any of the operators to the values in the text boxes.
5. Click the – Subtraction button, and then click Calculate.
60 Part I Introducing MicrosoftVisual C# ... Common Language Specification (CLS) compliance. If you want to
write programs that can interoperate with other languages, such as MicrosoftVisual Basic,
you must comply with these recommendations.
For...
... condition occurs, execution jumps out of the try block and into
another piece of code designed to catch and handle the exception—a catch handler.
2. Write one or more catch handlers (catch is another ... Introducing MicrosoftVisual C# and MicrosoftVisual Studio 2010
Trying Code and Catching Exceptions
Errors can happen at any time, and using traditional techniques to manually add error-
detecting ... C# keyword) immediately after the
try block to handle any possible error conditions. A catch handler is intended to catch
and handle a speci c type of exception, and you can have multiple catch...
... a Circle (the name of a class) is very different. When
you declare c as a Circle, c can refer to a Circle object. If you declare refc as another Circle, it
can also refer to a Circle object. ... field NumCircles in the Circle class is incremented by the Circle construc-
tor every time a new Circle object is created:
class Circle
{
private int radius;
public static int NumCircles = ... click Yes and save the project.
Chapter 6 Quick Reference
To Do this
Catch a speci c exception Write a catch handler that catches the speci c exception class.
For example:
try
{
}
catch (FormatException...
... PlayingCard[,] cardPack;
private Random randomCardSelector = new Random();
}
10. Locate the default constructor for the Pack class. Currently, this constructor is empty
apart from a to do comment. ... values and
live on the stack.
Class instances are called
objects and live on the
heap.
Can you declare a default constructor? No Yes
If you declare your own constructor, will
the compiler ... dimension to specify the suit and the second to specify the value
of the card in the suit.) The randomCardSelector variable is a Random object. The
Random class is a random number generator, and...
... sort the objects that it contains.
You can define an interface for collectable objects that includes the CompareTo method
and specify that the collection class can collect only classes that implement ... collection holds alphanumeric objects such as strings, the collection should sort the
objects according to the collating sequence of the computer, and if the collection holds nu-
meric objects ... if (myCircle is IColor)
{
IColor colorCircle = myCircle;
colorCircle.SetColor(Colors.HotPink);
}
}
9. On the Debug menu, click Start Without Debugging to build and run the application.
...
...
destructor always calls its base class destructor, even if an exception occurs during your de-
structor code.
It’s important to understand that only the compiler can make this translation. You can’t ... logical array-like access toan object by using indexers.
n
Control read access to indexers by declaring get accessors.
n
Control write access to indexers by declaring set accessors.
n
Create ... back to Chapter 13.
You can make other reference variables refer to the same object:
Square referenceToMySquare = mySquare;
How many references can you create toan object? As many as you want!...
... Gallagher
Eigenvector Research, Inc.
830 Wapato Lake Road
Manson, WA 98831
USA
bmw@eigenvector.com
Linear algebra is the language of chemometrics. One cannot expect to truly understand most
chemometric techniques ... vectors. Any linearly independent
set of vectors can be extended to a basis by adding (linearly independent) vectors so that the
set spans the space. Likewise, any spanning set of vectors can ... onto a subspace. For instance, we
may want to project the point onto the plane defined by two vectors, or an n dimensional
subspace defined by a collection of vectors, i.e. a matrix. In this case,...
...
Information
I/G
DSAP
SSAP
C/ R
LLC
control
LLC
PDU
CRC
DA
SA
MAC
control
LLC PDU
MAC
frame
Figure 2.13: LLC and MAC encapsulation
process
X
DCE
DCE
public packet-switched network
process
Y
DTE
DTE
X.25
X.25
...
Error
0
1
2
3
4
5
2
0
1
2
3
4
5
2
ACK1
ACK2
NAK2
rejected
Sender
Receiver
Figure 2.6: The go-back-n scheme
Error control
Error control refers to the mechanism used to detect and correct errors occurred in the
transmission ... 1991, and it is an association of vendors, carriers,
users, and consultants committed to the implementation of frame relay in accordance
with national and international standards.
Introduction...