methods in animal models of eating disorders

... possible An alternative mode of imaging is the use of single photon imaging of γ-emitting isotopes like 11 1In or 99Tc Imaging of γ-emitting isotopes is referred to as single photon emission commuted ... thymidine kinase (HSV-Tk) in cells of animals and then injecting the animals with 2′-fluoro-2′-deoxy-1-beta-Darabinofuranosyl-5-iodo-uracil (FIAU), a compound that is specifically accumulated in ... be collected in a couple of minutes of recording, the migration of leukocytes in tissues is relatively slow and requires many minutes of recording to track cells This longer imaging period requires...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 01:22

... reduction in local production of proinflammatory cytokines, thereby reducing their circulating levels and abolishing a sensitizing effect on naïve joints A conflicting finding was the protection of ... exacerbations of chronic inflammation in the joint Expression profiles in experimental arthritis models showed that the relative amounts of cytokines present in the joint vary according to disease ... currently under investigation in animal models of arthritis This review focuses on the gene therapeutic strategies of restoring the cytokine balance and genetic synovectomy in animal models of RA, as...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 01:24

... Figure Intraarticular injection of FGF8 induced the sulfated glycosaminoglycan release in knee joints and destruction of patella Fifty micrograms of FGF8 patella was injected into the knee joint of ... significantly inhibited FGF8-induced incorporation of [3H]thymidine Articular destruction by intraarticular injection of FGF8 into the rat knee joint The activity of FGF8 on the knee joint was tested ... An injection of 50 μg/site FGF8 increased the concentration of S-GAG in joint fluid (Figure 5a) The amount of S-GAG in the FGF8 injection group was 4.2 times higher than that of the saline injection...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 10:23

... proteoglycan-induced spondylitis and to determine expression patterns of a panel of relevant genes in a large number of distinct colonies of the susceptible mouse strain BALB/c Although induction of disease ... rheumatoid arthritis point to subclassification into distinct disease subsets Arthritis Res Ther 2008, 10:205 Holmdahl R: Dissection of the genetic complexity of arthritis using animal models Immunol ... any differences in incidence and severity, the sub-lines of BALB/c mice showed modest but significant differences in immune parameters such as cytokine and antibody responses and clinical scores...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 14:20

... [25,26] CARR injection in the hind paw of the mouse is one of the most commonly used models of inflammation and inflammatory pain and it has a biphasic profile [27] Recent studies pointed out important ... prepared in saline 30 μL of saline were injected as control in the controlateral paw No major adverse effects were observed after injection of 2% carrageenan in the right paw of the mice All the animals ... end of both inflammatory models, a panel of cytokines was analyzed in blood At sacrifice whole blood was collected from the heart of the animals and plasma was obtained by centrifugation 25 μl of...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 03:20

... proteins include protein serine-threonine kinases (Akt and phosphoinositidedependent kinase (PDK1)), protein tyrosine kinases (Btk and Tec family), exchange factor for GTP-binding proteins (Grp1 ... Inhibition of cytokines (e.g IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13) is a promising way of obtaining efficacious drugs for asthma There are several potential ways of inhibiting cytokine effects including blocking antibodies, ... Tyrosine kinase signaling cascade 1.2.1 Protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) Protein tyrosine kinases are enzymes that carry out tyrosine phosphorylation by catalyzing the transfer of the γ phosphate of...

Ngày tải lên: 15/09/2015, 22:09

... daidzein on OVA-induced BAL fluid eosinophilia in guinea pigs 4.8 78 86 Effects of genistein on EGF-induced protein tyrosine phosphorylation in guinea pig lung fragments 88 5.1 OVA-induced cell infiltration ... effects of the intervention of these signaling pathways in animal models of asthma The purpose of my thesis was to investigate the antiinflammatory effects of genistein, a broad-spectrum protein tyrosine ... examination of inflammatory cell infiltration into the trachea in guinea pigs 4.9E-H 80 Effects of genistein on EPO activity in cell-free BAL fluid in guinea pigs 4.9A-D 79 Effects of genistein or...

Ngày tải lên: 16/09/2015, 17:11

... 1391 Animal models of Alzheimer’s disease O Philipson et al Transgenic animal models Models devoid of any disease-causing APP mutations Animal models expressing wild-type (wt) human APP are of interest ... important in minimizing the in uence of confounding factors arising from inherent problems associated with breeding APP transgenic mice and maintaining stable phenotypes We would argue that a single ... similar in single- and doubletransgenic mice [96] The findings are relevant to the Lewy body variant of AD with a-synuclein inclusions Instead of cross-breeding two single-transgenic models, several...

Ngày tải lên: 16/02/2014, 09:20

... was involved in the conception, participated in the coordination of the study and data analysis DAS and SS were involved in the critical revision of the manuscript 10 11 DSK was involved in conceptual ... allows primary healing of the coracoclavicular ligament by either fixing the acromioclavicular joints using K-wires, Steinman pins, tension banding, and clavicle hook plates or fixing the coracoid ... undersurface of the acromion, prior to testing This removes any confounding effects since the coracoacromial ligaments, often blending in with the inferior acromioclavicular ligaments, may exert an inferior...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 01:20

... Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition (DSM-IV) criteria, were obtained by two clinicians who independently assessed all patients using a clinical interview and the Mini International ... details) The MINI was also administered to the CTR group in order to exclude the presence of any psychiatric diseases, including actual or past eating disorders Control subjects who were following a ... critically for intellectual content and was also involved in training the data collectors EG participated in designing the study, and drafting and editing the manuscript AP participated in acquisition,...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 23:21

... Venables reported in one previous study of collagen-induced arthritis [5], though other studies have found equal binding to both citrullinated and arginine-containing control peptides [6] In RA, the ... most convincing murine model of RA is that of the recently reported DR4-IE transgenic mouse immunised with citrullinated fibrinogen [9] The impressive, though often uncontrolled, array of data ... BH, Kanter JL, Steinman L, Robinson WH: Epitope spreading to citrullinated antigens in mouse models of autoimmune arthritis and demyelination Arthritis Res Ther 2008, 10:R119 Kinloch A, Lundberg...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 13:22

... Anti-inflammatory effects of KHU14 on animal models of acute inflammation Anti-inflammatory effects of KHU14 on animal models of acute inflammation (A) Ear edema in mice (n = 10) (B) Paw edema in ... effects of KHU14 on acute inflammation We employed three animal models of acute inflammation to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of KHU14: (1) inhibition of croton oil-induced ear edema in mice; ... Thirty minutes after the administration, each mouse was intravenously injected (at the tail) with 0.1 ml of 4% Evans blue (10 μl/g of body weight, Sigma, USA) in saline Fifteen minutes after the intravenous...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 15:21

... preprocholecystokinin The signal peptide consists of residues 20 to The amino terminal flanking peptide consists of residues to 25 The largest characterized form from brain and intestine, CCK-58, consists of ... Figure 1-6 Interactions between mammalian corticotropin releasing factor (CRF)like peptides, their receptors and the CRF binding protein (CRF-BP) Binding to the CRF-BP or activation of CRF1 or ... of CCK4 on context- and tone-dependent fear conditioning after i.h injection Mice were injected with 50ng CCK4 30min before training Context- and tone-dependent fear conditioning were determined...

Ngày tải lên: 17/09/2015, 17:20

... increase brain levels of 'free CRF' in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and show cognition-enhancing properties in models of learning and memory in animals without the characteristic stress effects of ... especially interesting in view of the coexistence of CCK and dopamine in midbrain neurons and the regulation of mesolimbic dopaminergic pathways by both CCK1 and CCK2 receptors 2.3 Function of CCK-related ... currently in late phase II trials for the treatment of anxiety It appeared to have an anxiolytic effect in a variety of tests on animal models, including punished drinking tests, social interaction...

Ngày tải lên: 17/09/2015, 17:20

... Role of CRF2 receptors in anxiety 35 Table of Contents 4.5 Role of the CRF system in memory and learning Animal Models vi 37 39 5.1 Introduction 39 5.2 Validity criteria of an animal model 40 5.3 ... (Glu11,16)-astressin I.c.v injection of CCK4 before training, but not after training, reduced the freezing behavior of mice on both context- and tone-dependent fear conditioning This impairment ... BZ benzodiazepine cAMP cyclic adenosine monophosphate CCK cholecystokinin CNS central nervous system CORT corticosterone CRF corticotropin-releasing factor CRF-BP CRF-binding protein CS conditioned...

Ngày tải lên: 17/09/2015, 17:20

... negative, investigation of classic serologic tests and antibodies occupy an important place in diagnosis of brucellosis Antibodies begin to form weeks after the beginning of disease Those who engage in ... reach a peak in six to eight weeks Coombs test is needed to investigate blocking antibodies Dilutions need to be performed in very high ratios in order to remove occurrence of prezone (2) In recent ... presumptive diagnosis of brucellosis which were sent to Central Microbiology Laboratory of Selcuk University Meram Faculty of Medicine from various clinics were included in the study and kept...

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2012, 10:56

... model of international psychotherapeutic practice in the eating disorders International Journal of Eating Disorders, 40, 754e757 Walsh, B T (2009) Eating disorders in DSM-V: Review of the existing ... clinical and training experience, Judith’s teaching and writing focuses on the integrative clinical treatment of eating disorders and on research-practice integration in the eating disorders field ... remains active in eating disorders advocacy and awareness He has written and lectured, nationally and internationally, on eating disorders treatment, research, professional training, eating disorders...

Ngày tải lên: 12/02/2014, 16:20

... model of international psychotherapeutic practice in the eating disorders International Journal of Eating Disorders, 40, 754e757 Walsh, B T (2009) Eating disorders in DSM-V: Review of the existing ... clinical and training experience, Judith’s teaching and writing focuses on the integrative clinical treatment of eating disorders and on research-practice integration in the eating disorders field ... remains active in eating disorders advocacy and awareness He has written and lectured, nationally and internationally, on eating disorders treatment, research, professional training, eating disorders...

Ngày tải lên: 14/03/2014, 22:20

... phenotype was seen in only a small percentage of fish Combining this low dose of rap1b morpholino with a similarly low dose of san morpholino resulted in a synergistic increase in both the intracerebral ... protein function and lesion biology By exploring the function of the CCM genes in animal models this gap is being CCM animal models bridged Animal models have demonstrated the central importance of ... normal number of cells, but instead of building into concentric layers to form the walls of the heart, the myocardial cells form into a single layer, resulting in a dilated, thin-walled heart...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 10:20

Ngày tải lên: 24/04/2014, 17:23