measuring cytokines in multiple sclerosis

... Background Information for Nursing Practice in Multiple Sclerosis The History of Multiple Sclerosis Care Domains of Multiple Sclerosis Nursing Practice Change Theory and Its Application in Multiple Sclerosis ... Chain in Multiple Sclerosis 51 iii iv CONTENTS 12 The Multiple Sclerosis Care Team 13 Bladder Dysfunction 65 69 14 Bowel Elimination and Continence 75 15 The Nurse’s Role in Advanced Multiple Sclerosis ... attacks in the brain, including many that did not manifest symptoms In 1993, FDA approved Betaseron® (IFN-beta 1b) for relapsing remitting MS (R-R MS) 4 NURSING PRACTICE IN MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS: ...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 19:20

... W, Coats ME, Goodkin DE, Weinstock-Guttman B, Herndon RM, et al: Incidence and significance of neutralizing antibodies to interferon beta-1a in multiple sclerosis Multiple Sclerosis Collaborative ... biological activity Initially, IFNb-1a administration may result in a sharp increase in the neopterin levels owing to the acute, proinflammatory actions of IFNb-1a [35,36] However, in the long term ... progression in multiple sclerosis Mult Scler 1999, 5:287-290 Bagnato F, Durastanti V, Finamore L, Volante G, Millefiorini E: Beta-2 microglobulin and neopterin as markers of disease activity in multiple...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 19:20

... fatigue in multiple sclerosis In Multiple sclerosis clinical practice guideline Washington, DC: Paralyzed Veterans Association; 1998 Freal JE, Kraft GH, Coryell JK: Symptomatic fatigue in multiple sclerosis ... Psychosocial correlates of fatigue in multiple sclerosis Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1996, 77:165-170 Krupp LB, Elkins LE: Fatigue and declines in cognitive functioning in multiple sclerosis Neurology 2000, ... IFN Change in IMA B Percent (%) 50 40 30 20 10 1.0-3.0 4.0 5.0-6.0 Fatigue Score Figure Changes 2in fatigue rating following a change in IMA Changes in fatigue rating following a change in IMA NARCOMS...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 19:20

... training mode As regards changes within one session, to distinguish between the changes in performance occurring during the Robot Training phase from those occurring during the Subject Training ... (d = 3): Figure Training protocol and study design Top: Phases of the training protocol: Baseline (B1), Robot Training, Baseline (B2), Subject Training, Wash-out The phases in which the robot ... changes in movement kinematics We found no significant effects of Robot Training (baseline vs baseline 2) As regards the effect of Subject Training (baseline vs wash-out), we found a decrease in the...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 08:20

... time of the unilateral activities (i.e grasping and moving a jar, pouring water from a jug into a cup, inserting coins in a slot, pinching and moving small objects) was registered The maximal ... Sanguineti V: Adaptive robot training for the treatment of incoordination in Multiple Sclerosis J Neuroeng Rehabil 2010, 7:37 McDonald WI, Compston A, Edan G, Goodkin D, Hartung HP, Lublin FD, ... that completed the training program (n = 9) are presented in Table Each of them concluded all 24 training sessions within maximal weeks Effects of the Armeo Spring training program on upper limb...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 08:20

... fatigue in multiple sclerosis Multiple Sclerosis Council for Clinical Practice Guidelines; 1998 35 Iyengar V, Santos MJ, Ko M, Aruin AS: Grip force control in individuals with multiple sclerosis Neurorehabilitation ... evaluate fatigue in multiple sclerosis Multiple Sclerosis 1999, 5(1):10-16 28 Kos D, Nagels G, D’Hooghe MB, Duportail M, Kerckhofs E: A rapid screening tool for fatigue impact in multiple sclerosis ... assess multiple sclerosis- related fatigue Multiple Sclerosis 2009, 15(12):1509-1517 34 Guidelines MSCfCP: Fatigue and Multiple Sclerosis: evidence based management strategies for fatigue in multiple...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 08:20

... nostaining was found in normal-appearing white matter of brain and spinal cord IL-16 immunoreactivity was readily observed in CD3+ T cells in perivenular infiltrates (Fig 6A) Within the pool of infiltrating ... was undetectable in control brain (Fig 1A), and was very low in control spinal cord white matter (Fig 1B), but was abundantly present in MS lesions in brain and spinal cord In brain, levels of proIL-16 ... not detected in control brain (A) or spinal cord (B) In MS lesions, relatively high levels T-bet were measured in acute lesions (AL) and chronic lesions (CL) in brain, and in AL in spinal cord Compared...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 22:20

... to inward trafficking of various molecules and cells in the intravascular compartment.2 Inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) induce opening ... role in cell adhesion, i.e slowing and initiating cell rolling, they have been shown to have a dominant role in allowing non-specifically activated cells to gain access to the CNS [5], independent ... laboratory testing was performed blindly Measuring EMP by flow cytometry Venous blood was collected in citrate vacutainers using a 21 gauge needle EMP assays were performed within four hours of...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 22:20

... Danish Multiple Sclerosis Study Group: Clinical importance of neutralizing antibodies against interferon beta in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis Lancet 2003, 362:1184-1191 Chadha K, Winstock-Guttman ... Beneficial effect of interferon-beta1b treatment in patients with relapsingremitting multiple sclerosis is associated with an increase in serum levels of soluble HLA-I molecules during the first months ... I, Minagar A, Gonzales-Toledo E, Featherston L, Kelley R: Soluble HLA measurement in saliva and cerebrospinal fluid in Caucasian patients with multiple sclerosis: a preliminary study J Neuroinflammation...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 22:20

... cholesterol was associated with increases in the number of contrast-enhancing lesions on brain MRI in clinically isolated syndrome patients following a first clinical demyelinating event [21] MS patients ... Cholesterol is a major component of myelin and statins may hinder remyelination by inhibiting cholesterol synthesis in the brain [36,37] The studies of statin treatment in MS have likewise also yielded ... disease-modifying agents and brain volume changes in multiple sclerosis Neurology 2008, 71:136-144 25 Zivadinov R, Weinstock-Guttman B, Zorzon M, Uxa L, Serafin M, Bosco A, Bratina A, Maggiore...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 22:20

... engulfed lipid-containing debris, or subacute, containing demyelinated areas but demonstrating less recent myelin destruction Brain sections were stained for PD-L1 or PD-L2 and caveolin-1, a specific ... post-mortem brain tissues obtained from normal controls and MS patients (see description in Table 1) MS lesions were characterized using oil red (ORO) and hematoxylin scoring as being acute, containing ... lymphocytes during neuroinflammation is dependent on a4 integrin Brain 2011 Page 12 of 12 35 Saunders PA, Hendrycks VR, Lidinsky WA, Woods ML: PD-L2:PD-1 involvement in T cell proliferation, cytokine production,...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 22:20

... cysteine and thus prevents renaturing of MOG While 8.18c5 reactivity is lost after denaturing/fixating, anti-His mAb reactivity is sustained indicating the MOG polypeptide remains coated in the ... Della GB, Pham-Dinh D, Villoslada P, von Budingen HC, Genain CP: Antibodies to native myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein are serologic markers of early inflammation in multiple sclerosis Proc ... DA: Increased Frequencies of Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein/MHC Class II-Binding CD4 Cells in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis J Immunol 2011, 187:1039-1046 21 Mantegazza R, Cristaldini...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 22:20

... 10] NCR1 in disease Activating NK receptors recognise stress-induced ligands and viral products Following influenza virus infection, an increased recognition and binding of NK cells with infected ... also expressed by astrocytes, along with cytokines, supporting a role of astrocytes in innate immune activation in the CNS in MS It remains to be determined whether NCR1 on astrocytes can signal ... Identification of an aging-related spherical inclusion in the human brain Pathol Int 2002, 52:636-642 52 Mrak RE, Griffin ST, Graham DI: Aging-associated changes in human brain J Neuropathol Exp...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 22:20

... W, Coats ME, Goodkin DE, Weinstock-Guttman B, Herndon RM, et al: Incidence and significance of neutralizing antibodies to interferon beta-1a in multiple sclerosis Multiple Sclerosis Collaborative ... biological activity Initially, IFNb-1a administration may result in a sharp increase in the neopterin levels owing to the acute, proinflammatory actions of IFNb-1a [35,36] However, in the long term ... progression in multiple sclerosis Mult Scler 1999, 5:287-290 Bagnato F, Durastanti V, Finamore L, Volante G, Millefiorini E: Beta-2 microglobulin and neopterin as markers of disease activity in multiple...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 03:20

... vitamin D intake [9] In the present study there was increased frequency of low BMD in MS patients compared to controls, especially involving the hip area and to a lesser degree the lumbar spine ... Patients with Multiple Sclerosis (Ioannina, Greece) for their participation in this study Funding None Author details Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece ... van den Noort S, Weinshenker BY, Wolinsky JS: Recommended diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: guidelines from the International Panel on the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis Ann Neurol...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 07:21

... fatigue in multiple sclerosis : Multiple Sclerosis Council for Clinical Practice Guidelines; 1998 Iyengar V, Santos MJ, Ko M, Aruin AS: Grip force control in individuals with multiple sclerosis ... the joints of the lower extremities during walking Interestingly, functional imaging studies have reported increasing evidence that patients with MS experience greater cerebral activity during ... were measured and compared using paired t-tests (α=0.005) In addition, variability in these parameters during one-minute intervals was examined The fatigue index was defined as the number of significant...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 07:21

... quantified in triplicate using spectrophotometric measurement and then diluted to a final 50 ng/µl After once more verifying these concentrations twice, 40 individual DNAs were combined into a DNA ... Pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis: an update on immunology Curr Opin Neurol 2002, 15(3):227-231 Iivanainen MV: The significance of abnormal immune responses in patients with multiple sclerosis J ... predisposition to multiple sclerosis as revealed by immunoprinting Ann Neurol 1997, 41(3):341-352 Godde R, Nigmatova V, Jagiello P, Sindern E, Haupts M, Schimrigk S, Epplen JT: Refining the results...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 08:20

... were estimated using logistic regression adjusted for age and sex gene being involved in AD pathology, possibly through oxidation of Aβ or ApoE, promoting their aggregation into insoluble complexes, ... the possible role of MPO polymorphism in the development of cognitive decline in MS This study was mainly designed to investigate whether some clinical and individual variables and the occurrence ... genetic evidence of Myeloperoxidase involvement in Multiple Sclerosis J Neuroimmunol 1997, 78:97-107 Kantarci OH, Atkinson EJ, Hebrink DD, McMurray CT, Weinshenker BG: Association of a myeloperoxidase...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 08:20

... identifying the (ordinal) level of fatigue in patients by simply adding up the raw score for the scale, which lends itself to convenient everyday use in a clinical setting The ordinal-interval ... patients with multiple sclerosis and systemic lupus erythematosus Arch Neurol 1989, 46(10):1121-1123 Multiple Sclerosis Council: Fatigue and Multiple Sclerosis- Clinical Practice Guidelines Washington ... dependency, including multi-dimensionality The summary findings related to the analysis of each domain are given in Table Physical scale Rasch analysis of the 16 Physical items identified in the PCA indicated...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 01:21

... models accounting for within-patient intereye correlations) Fisher et al ⅐ Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness in Multiple Sclerosis Table Characteristics of Patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) ... Future studies will examine the role of OCT in detecting subtle RNFL edema, establishing rates of decline in RNFL thickness, and detecting corticosteroid treatment response in patients with acute ... (EDSS) Multiple sclerosis patients were divided into approximately equal groups to define EDSS tertiles *Retinal nerve fiber layer thickness decreased with increasing EDSS scores (P ϭ 0.02 for linear...

Ngày tải lên: 22/09/2016, 22:30