maximum likelihood decoding of convolutional codes ppt

... noncoherent decoding of turbo-like codes for the phase-noisy channels. These schemes make use of pilot symbols for either estimation or decoding. In [5], the authors showed the rotational robustness of ... DVB-S2). The severity of the phase noise depends on the quality of the local oscillators and the symbol rate. Hence the performance of codes on the channels with phase disturbances are of practical significance. Over ... iterative decoding for the convergence of these codes. We also show the additional computational complexity required due to the phase estimation process. In Section 6, we discuss the BER performance of...

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... unit matrix. 3. Maximum A Posteriori Decoding of Channels Codes The BCJR algorithm [28] provides the common framework to the decoding of turbo and LDPC codes as it is applied to the decoding of the two ... Channel Codes 2.1. Turbo Codes. Focusing on the class of parallel concate- nated convolutional code (PCCC) codes, Figure 1 shows the encoder of the 3GPP-LTE turbo code. This is composed of two ... the definition of turbo and LDPC codes, and Section 3 reviews the fundamentals of the MAP decod- ing algorithm, going through the BCJR decoding of con- volutional codes, the turbo decoding principle...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 05:20

... subgraph acts as a relay node, at least one of its outgoing links and one of its incoming links will be included in the subgraph. Otherwise, none of its links will be included in the subgraph. ... logarithmic transformation. However, the maximum multicast throughput in this case would only reach the value of 1.54. This is due to the fact that as a result of the relatively high interference ... link. Recently, the problem of joint optimization of data flow routing and resource allocation in wireless networks when network coding is used in the network layer has also become of interest. Minimum...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 23:20

... of LDPC codes have been extended to the case of Raptor codes [19]; but however, no other channel than the BEC has been considered so far for the characterization of the UEP behavior of LDPC codes. ... minimum number of iterations. Of course, the difference in error protection will be diminished with an increased number of decoding iterations, and eventually van- ish with an infinite number of iterations. Let ... maxi- mization of (10) is equivalent to the maximization of d v max  i=d (k) v min λ (C k ) i . (11) This can be interpreted as a maximization of the propor- tion of edges in the part of the parity...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 19:20

... un- derlying signals. Now we apply f y (y) in a maximum likelihood frame- work to estimate the parameters of the underlying signals. The main objective of the maximum likelihood estimator is to find the kth ... spectrum of the mixed signal is almost ex- actly the elementwise maximum of the log spectrum of the two underlying signals. Table 2: Symbols with definitions. Symbol Description I number of sources ... transform and ϕ y is the phase of the Fourier transform of the windowed mixed signal, that is, ϕ y = ∠y f . In this way, we obtain an estimate of x t i in a maximum likelihood sense. It should be...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 22:20

... Pietrobon and A. S. Barbulescu, “A simplification of the modified Bahl decoding algorithm for systematic convolutional codes ,” in Proceedings of International Symposium on Informa- tion Theory ... literature. The existence of a relatively large number of similar but different modified BCJR MAP algorithms, derived using the Markov chain properties of convolutional codes, naturally leads to ... types of codes, called turbo codes, which have demonstrated performance close to the theoretical limit predicted by information the- ory [2]. In the iterative decoding strategy for turbo codes, ...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 23:20

... number of the action of G on X, denoted D G (X), is the smallest number of colors such that there exists a coloring of X where no nontrivial group element induces a color- preserving permutation of ... number of the action of G on X, denoted D G (X), is the smallest r admitting a distinguishing r-coloring of X with respect to the action of G. If there does not exist a distinguishing r-coloring of ... realized as actions of the automorphism group of a graph on its vertex set. Following Tymoczko, it seems natural to expand the notion of the distinguishing set of a group to include all of its possible...

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... 9 ICA by Maximum Likelihood Estimation A very popular approach for estimating the independent component analysis (ICA) model is maximum likelihood (ML) estimation. Maximum likelihood estimation ... neural network principle of maximization of information flow (infomax). 9.1 THE LIKELIHOOD OF THE ICA MODEL 9.1.1 Deriving the likelihood It is not difficult to derive the likelihood in the noise-free ... all. 9.2 ALGORITHMS FOR MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD ESTIMATION To perform maximum likelihood estimation in practice, we need an algorithm to perform the numerical maximization of likelihood. In this section,...

Ngày tải lên: 23/12/2013, 07:19

... INST OF TECH (FARAH COLLEGE OF ENGG AND TECH ) MBA RR OU CHEVELLA COED NA PVT VVIT VIDYA VIKAS INST OF TECH (FARAH COLLEGE OF ENGG AND TECH ) MCA RR OU CHEVELLA COED NA PVT SITS SRI SIVANI INST OF ... INSTITUTE OF TECH MCA MDK OU NARSAPUR COED NA PVT HITM HYDERABAD INST OF TECH AND MNGT (ROYAL COLLEGE OF ENGG) MBA OU MEDCHAL COED NA PVT HITM HYDERABAD INST OF TECH AND MNGT (ROYAL COLLEGE OF ENGG) MCA OU MEDCHAL COED NA PVT IITT INDUR ... COLLEGE MCA RR OU IBRAHIMPATAN COED CHR PVT JIET JAGRUTI INST OF ENGG AND TECH (FORMERLY KNR COLLLEGE OF ENGG MBA RR OU IBRAHIMPATAN COED NA PVT JJIT JJ INST OF INFORMATION TECH MBA RR OU MAHESWARAM COED NA PVT JNIT JAWAHARLAL NEHRU INST OF TECH MBA RR OU IBRAHIMPATAN COED NA PVT JNIT JAWAHARLAL...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 02:21