mathematics for computer science mit pdf

... important proof technique in computer science. Generally, induction is used to prove that some statement holds for all natural values of a variable. For example, here is a classic formula: 46 Number ... 1) for all n ∈ N. By the principle of induction, P (n) is true for all n ∈ N, which proves the claim. This proof would look quite mysterious to anyone not privy to the scratchwork we did beforehand. ... divisibility hold. 1. If a | b, then a | bc for all c. 2. If a | b and b | c, then a | c. 3. If a | b and a | c, then a | sb + tc for all s and t. 4. For all c = 0, a | b if and only if ca | cb. Proof....

Ngày tải lên: 05/03/2014, 23:20

... — page i — #1 Mathematics for Computer Science revised Thursday 10 th January, 2013, 00:28 Eric Lehman Google Inc. F Thomson Leighton Department of Mathematics and the Computer Science and AI ... proposition for each possible set of truth values for the variables. For example, the truth table for the proposition “P AND Q” has four lines, since there are four settings of truth values for the ... b for some s 2 Sg: For example, if we let Œr; s denote set of numbers in the interval from r to s on the real line, then f 1 .Œ1; 2/ D Œ1=4; 1. For another example, let’s take the “search for...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 23:20

... defined for SO = ao; all n 3 0 .) S, = S-1 + a,, for n > 0. (2.6) Therefore we can evaluate sums in closed form by using the methods we learned in Chapter 1 to solve recurrences in closed form. For ... much happier. That is, we’d like a nice, neat, “closed form” for T,, that lets us compute it quickly, even for large n. With a closed form, we can understand what T,, really is. So how do ... a, 6, and y and trying to find a closed form for the more general recurrence f(1) = cc; f(2n) = 2f(n) + fi, for n 3 1; (1.11) f(2n+1)=2f(n)+y, for n 3 1. (Our original recurrence had...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 04:21

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 04:21

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 04:21

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 04:21

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 04:21

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 04:21

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 04:21

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 04:21

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 04:21

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 04:21

Ngày tải lên: 18/12/2013, 15:37

... original formula for q. Recall that our proof of the formula we had in Exercise 1.4-5 did not explain why the product of three factorials appeared in the denominator, it simply proved the formula ... distinct elements. There are n choices for the first number in the list. For each way of choosing the first element, there are n −1choices for the second. For each choice of the first two elements, ... members (assuming that the president is not on the advisory board)? 10. By using the formula for  n 2  is is straightforward to show that n  n − 1 2  =  n 2  (n − 2). However this proof just uses...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 09:20

... Introduction to Programming 3 Computers have a fixed set of instructions that they can perform for us. The specific instruction set depends upon the make and model of a computer. However, these instructions ... that the computer always attempts to do precisely what you tell it to do. Say, for example, you tell the computer to divide ten by zero, it tries to do so and fails at once. If you tell the computer ... instructions that tell the computer every step to take in the proper sequence in order to solve a problem for a user. A programmer is one who writes the computer program. When the computer produces a...

Ngày tải lên: 19/03/2014, 14:14

... Normalization tool (Jacquemin et al., 1997). 2 Components of the Platform for Computer- Aided Terminology The platform for computer- aided terminology is organized as a chain of four modules ... frequently in corpora and are therefore more appropriate for statistical clustering. The contribution of this paper is to propose an integrated platform for computer- aided term extraction and ... Overview of the platform for computer- aided terminology preceding step through a self-indexing proce- dure followed by a graph-based classification. This task is basically performed by FASTR,...

Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 03:20

... proof theory and procedures for constructing formal proofs of for- mulae algorithmically. This book is designed primarily for computer scientists, and more gen- erally, for mathematically inclined ... Theorem for Formulae in NNF, 355 7.6.1 Skolem-Herbrand-Găodels Theorem in Unsatisability Form, 355 7.6.2 Skolem Normal Form, 357 7.6.3 Compound Instances, 359 7.6.4 Half of a Herbrand-like Theorem for ... proposition is a Horn formula iff it is a conjunction of basic Horn formulae. (a) Show that every Horn formula A is equivalent to a conjunction of distinct formulae of the form, P i , or ơP 1 ...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 09:20

... having lunch in their cantina, restaurant … for free; - oversleeping in their hotel during the trip for free or with discount; - paying for the travel costs for the trip; - renting you a car, a ... is the organizer 13 Deadline for applications 13 How many applicants from one organization 13 Costs 13 Official application form 13 Address for all sorts of information 14 Special requirements ... discuss. Plan enough time for this meeting as it may last longer than you think. Inform the delegates of all the things they need to feel here as comfortable as possible. Inform them about the order...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 16:20

... Li Department of Mathematics and Physics, Air Force Engineering University, China jianq_li@263.net Wanbiao Ma Department of Mathematics and Mechanics, School of Applied Science, University of Science ... Sports, Science and Technology, The Japanese Society for Mathematical Biology, The Society of Population Ecology, Mathematical Society of Japan, Japan Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, ... Competition: A Survey H.I. Freedman 207 Index 225 Y. Takeuchi Y. Iwasa K. S ato (Eds.) Mathematics for Life Science and Medicine With 31 Figures 123

Ngày tải lên: 27/06/2014, 10:20