managing transaction exposure and economic exposure

... currency risk and consequent economic exposure for firms suggests examining currency swap use If two currencies are considered for the firm's cash flows, currency risk and the economic exposure of ... economic exposure, differs from one firm to another To model this difference in exposure levels, take an extreme case There are two types of firms: one with economic exposure and the other with no economic ... economic exposure The firm type is denoted by q ∈ Q = {e, n} where type e denotes a firm with economic exposure due to exchange rate changes and type n denotes a firm with no economic exposure. 11...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 14:20

Ngày tải lên: 04/10/2012, 10:02

... conceptualization of the multiplicity and salience of major challenges to development and security, all of which require political and public awareness and economic resources for timely and efficient policy treatment ... of risks, costs and benefits of handling these hazards using a multicriteria and systems approach towards the setting of policy priorities and resource sharing In addition to and developing from ... ‘long tail’ and intergenerational modes of climate change impact and thus implies special monetary and/ or insurance funds to cover respective costs and expected damage On the other hand, looking...

Ngày tải lên: 07/10/2012, 15:56

... CCA and DRR merged with insurance schemes could play an important role when discussing financial vulnerability and managing risks for governments and communities Understanding resilience and vulnerability ... learning and the social sources of adaptability, renewal and transformation; and (3) and understanding ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS of change and uncertainty as inherent in social-ecological systems ... et al (2003) attribute coping capacity and adaptive capacity as separate dimensions of resilience, Smit and Wandel (2006) lump them together To Smit and Wandel (2006), adaptive capacity is equivalent...

Ngày tải lên: 07/10/2012, 15:56

... scholars, and increase collaboration between the young and the seasoned within academic institutions, development and relief organizations and government We see this path, embedded in adaptive and ... P., Pritchard, L and Young, O., 2006 Scale and cross-scale dynamics: governance and ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS information in a multilevel world Ecology and Society, 11(2) Coleman, F C and Williams, ... construction Science and Public Policy, 30(4) 235 Helmer, M and Hilhorst, D J M., 2006 Natural disasters and climate change Disasters, 30(1) – Hogarth, R M and Kunreuther, H C., 1985 Ambiguity and insurance...

Ngày tải lên: 07/10/2012, 15:56

... variability in landfalls 3.2 Landfall rates and proportion Table shows for three different periods – 1900 – 2008, 1951–2008 and 1979–2008 – the frequency of annual landfalls in the first and second ... relationships of ENSO, NAO and AMO on landfalling storms and damage (e.g Elsner and Jagger, 2006; Jagger et al., 2008) Elsner and Jagger (2008) find a relationship between the solar cycle and US hurricane ... hurricane season, and in each case predicting landfall numbers to be above average For these three years the number of landfalls was well below the historical mean in 2006 and 2007 and above average...

Ngày tải lên: 07/10/2012, 15:57

... can and cannot be known about the uncertain future And such wisdom starts with understanding the historical record and why the scientific community cannot produce skilful forecasts of future landfalls ... States hurricane landfalls and damages 199 Coughlin, K., Bellone, E., Laepple, T., Jewson, S and Nzerem, K., 2009 A relationship between all Atlantic hurricanes and those that make landfall in the ... doi:10.1038/nature04477 Landsea, C W., 2007 Counting Atlantic Tropical Cyclones back to 1900 EOS, 88 197 and 202 Lonfat, M., Boissonnade, A and Muir-Wood, R., 2007 Atlantic Basin, US and Caribbean landfall rates...

Ngày tải lên: 07/10/2012, 15:57

... Institute of Environmental Science and Technology & Department of Economics and Economic History, ` Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Spain; Faculty of Economics and Business Administration & Institute ... Netherlands Natural disasters have increased in frequency and severity during the last few decades, causing considerable economic damage and loss of life A combination of climate and socio -economic ... in the frequency and severity of natural disasters due to socioeconomic developments and climate change the question arises of how to design policies that limit exposure to and ameliorate impacts...

Ngày tải lên: 07/10/2012, 15:57

... namely low economic growth (RC) and high growth (GE) and corresponding changes in the ‘portfolio of properties at risk’ module of Figure were based on a land use model of the Netherlands (Janssen ... of climate and socio -economic change and estimating their influence on risk may be a useful first step in assessing future risk Statistical models can be used to assess how frequencies and severities ... change and socio -economic development on future natural disaster risk (IPCC, 2007) Considerable uncertainty and ambiguity is associated with both the frequency of a disaster occurring and the...

Ngày tải lên: 07/10/2012, 15:57

... and Management, 13(4) 307 – 314 Rose, A., 2004b Economic principles, issues, and research priorities in hazard loss estimation Modelling Spatial and Economic Impacts of Disasters, Y Okuyama and ... L M and van den Bergh, J C J M., 2009b Climate change and hailstorm damage: empirical evidence and implications for agriculture and insurance, forthcoming Botzen, W J W., Aerts, J C J H and van ... Portland, Oregon Risk Analysis, 19(2) 205 – 216 Freeman, P K and Kunreuther, H., 2003 Managing environmental risk through insurance The International Yearbook of Environmental and Resource Economics...

Ngày tải lên: 07/10/2012, 15:57

... wetlands which perform essential hydrological, biological and chemical functions and which support and maintain the productivity and health of the river systems A number of the Basin wetlands ... (The Australian, September 2008), and ‘Water dries up life on the land – Randall Crozier stands in the barren paddock, frowning at the drought-bleached desert sand’ (The Australian, 13 September ... catchment area for the Murray and Darling rivers and their tributaries It extends from Queensland to South Australia, including three-quarters of New South Wales and half of Victoria The basin...

Ngày tải lên: 07/10/2012, 15:57

... Politics and History, 49(1) 61 –74 ¨ ¨ Brandstrom, A and Kuipers, S., 2003 From ‘normal incidents’ to ‘political crises’: understanding the selective politicization of policy failures Government and ... Contingencies and Crisis Management, 8(4) 218– 222 Rosenthal, U., Boin, A and ’t Hart, P., 2001 The changing world of crises and crisis management Managing Crises: Threats, Dilemmas and Opportunities, ... management and climate change was justified by the fact that Minister Penny Wong was the minister for climate change and water The Coorong Wetlands are one of the most important wetlands in Australia...

Ngày tải lên: 07/10/2012, 15:57

... Environmental Quality Standards (or Ambient Environment Standard), (2) Effluent Standards; and (3) Supporting Standards (testing, sampling standards etc) Most of supporting standards are adapted ... some are set mandatory by MoNRE So far, of 360 environmental standards, one third is made mandatory including parameters of solid waste and wastewater Standards of dust, chemicals and emissions ... terms of economic and environmental state; (2) perceptions and barriers to their improvement of their environmental performance; and (3) their responses to the current environmental standards and...

Ngày tải lên: 24/08/2013, 18:48

... P In principle, the transactionality of the methods could be implemented by explicitly writing all of the methods with appropriate try and catch blocks, and accessing the transaction manager ... Manually Managing a Transaction public void updateTimesheet(final Timesheet timesheet) { try { transactionManager.begin(); timesheetDao.update(timesheet); emailDao.sendTimesheetUpdate(timesheet); transactionManager.commit(); ... treated as transactional Transactions Using Annotations When annotations are available, we annotate the implementation classes that are to be transactional by using the org.springframework .transaction. annotation.Transactional...

Ngày tải lên: 08/10/2013, 21:20

... Information Risk and the Economics of Security 15 Table Chapters within Each Major Section Cyber Policy and Regulation Nonbanks and Risk in Retail Payments: EU and U.S Security Economics and European ... credit and debit transfers, e-money, and stored-value transactions) and for all points on the payments Nonbanks and Risk in Retail Payments 19 chain (hardware and software provision, consumer and ... examines security economics and public policy, including information asymmetries and breach notification, externalities and the costs of malware, liability and software patching, and the current...

Ngày tải lên: 18/10/2013, 17:15

... for the transaction layer Component-layer Transaction- layer Figure 11.4 Separation of TCAP into component and transaction layers and its communication with MAP Transaction Capabilities and Mobile ... receives commands and answers from the application that are conveyed to the peer entity via TCAP and the remaining layers of the OSI Reference Model On the other hand, MAP receives commands and answers ... 11111bin and indicates that the TAG is expanded • The actual TAG value of 0000 1000 1010 1110bin needs to be coded within bytes and and then be inserted right-aligned Bit may not be used and leading...

Ngày tải lên: 19/10/2013, 03:20

... wrote Chapters and 7; Paul Emery headed up Chapters and 9; Christine Green put together Chapters 10 and 11; and Linda van Leeuwen not only wrote Chapter but also meticulously reviewed and edited ... facilities and events to user and non-user groups • Demonstrate the need for and application of managerial skills to facility and event operations Key success factors of operating sport facilities and ... designing, building and operating sport and entertainment venues, and when planning and organising events Although there is a wide range of performance indicators that can and need to—be considered...

Ngày tải lên: 23/10/2013, 15:15

... Limongi, “Political Regimes and Economic Growth,” The Journal of Economic Perspectives, Summer 1993, 51-69 Rodrik, Dani, “Understanding Economic Policy Reform,” Journal of Economic Literature, March ... of Economics, August 1995, 681712 Pritchett, Lant, Economic Growth: Hills, Plains, Mountains, Plateaus and Cliffs,” unpublished paper, World Bank, October 1997 Przeworski, Adam, and Fernando ... 1980-84, 1985-89, and 1990-94 OLS and random effects regressions include a constant term and dummies for East Asia, Latin America, Sub-Saharan Africa, socialist countries, OECD members, and oil exporters...

Ngày tải lên: 09/12/2013, 20:15

... Przeworski, A and Limongi, F (1993) “Political Regimes and Economic Growth,” Journal of Economic Perspectives 7: 51–69 Przeworski, A., Alvarez, M.E., Cheibub, J.A and Limongi, F (2000) Democracy and Development: ... Shleifer, Andrei and Vishny, Robert W (1993) “Corruption,” Quarterly Journal of Economics 108: 599–617 Sirowy, Larry and Inkeles, Alex (1990) “The Effects of Democracy on Economic Growth and Inequality: ... Princeton University Press Knack, S and Keefer, P (1995) “Institutions and Economic Performance: Cross-Country Tests using Alternative Institutional Measures,” Economics and Politics 7(3): 207–28 Krueger,...

Ngày tải lên: 09/12/2013, 20:15

... b Expand Northwind Traders (Exchange), Administrative Groups and First Administrative Group c Expand Servers d Expand your_servername e Expand Protocols f Right-click IMAP4, point to New, and ... Authentication and instead uses a Certificate for SSL Encryption a Click the Access tab, and then click Authentication b Clear the Basic Authentication check box, and then click OK c Click Certificate, and ... point to Programs, and then click Outlook Express b Click Tools, and then click Accounts c Click Add, and then click Mail d In the Display Name box, verify that your_name appears, and then click...

Ngày tải lên: 10/12/2013, 16:15